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Ege Bölgesindeki Köpeklerde Monositik Ehrlichiosis: Klinik ve Hematolojik Bulgular

Year 2019, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 8 - 14, 28.04.2019
https://doi.org/10.17094/ataunivbd.383253

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı IFAT uygulaması ile sadece köpek monositik ehrlichiosis (KME) tanısı konulmuş 63 köpekteki klinik ve hematolojik bulguların değerlendirilmesidir. Bu amaçla; yaş, ırk, cinsiyet, anti-paraziter ilaç uygulamaları, yaşadığı ortam, kene varlığı ve genel durumla ilgili bilgiler kaydedilip, klinik ve hematolojik değişkenler belirlendi. Altmış üç köpekten 14’ünde (%22.2) anti-paraziter ilaç uygulamaları düzenliyken, 49 (%77.7) köpekte ise anti-paraziter ilaç uygulamaları düzensizdi. Köpeklerden 42’sinin (%66.6) bahçe ortamında, 21’inin (%33.3) ev ortamında yaşadığı ve 36 köpeğin (%57.1) kliniğe getirildiğinde üzerinde kene olduğu belirlendi. En sık gözlenen klinik bulgular; anoreksi (%87.30), lenfadenopati (%80.95), soluk mukoz membranlar (%47.61) ve ateş olarak tespit edilmiştir (%42.85). Ayrıca, Taşipne (%36.50), taşiaritmi (%34.92), hemoraji (%22.22), göz lezyonu (%22.22), deri lezyonu (%7.93), nörolojik bulgular (%3.17) ve arthritis (%19.04) gözlemlenen diğer klinik bulgular olarak belirlendi. Trombositopeni (%63.49) ve anemi (%46.03) en yaygın belirlenen hematolojik bulgular olarak dikkat çekmiştir. Sonuç olarak bölgemizde KME’in yaygın olarak görüldüğü ve yukarda belirtilen klinik ve hematolojik bulguların birlikte görüldüğü köpeklerde KME’inde dikkate alınması gerektiği kanısına varıldı.

References

  • 1. Fonseca JP., Bruhn FRP., Ribeiro MJM., Hirsch C., Rocha CMBM., Guedes E., Antônio Marcos Guimarães AM., 2017. Hematological Parameters and Seroprevalence of Ehrlichia Canis and Babesia Vogeli In Dogs. Cienc anim bras, 18, 1-9.
  • 2. Ansari-Mood M., Khoshnegah J., Mohri M., Rajaei SM., 2015. Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Ehrlichia canis Infection among Companion Dogs of Mashhad, North East of Iran, 2009–2010. J Arthropod Borne Dis, 9(2), 184-194.
  • 3. Neer TM., Breitschwerdt EB., Greene RT., Lappin MR., 2002. Consensus statement on ehrlichial disease of small animals from the infectious disease study group of the ACVIM. J Vet Intern Med, 16, 309-315.
  • 4. Bhadesiya CM., Raval SK., 2015. Hematobiochemical changes in ehrlichiosis in dogs of Anand region, Gujarat. Veterinary World, 8(6), 713-717.
  • 5. Moonarmart W., Sungpradit S., Rawangchue T., Suphaphiphat K., Suksusieng S., Jirapattharasate C., 2014. Clinical history and hematological findings among canines with monocytic ehrlichiosis. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 45(1), 157-66.
  • 6. M'ghirbi Y., Ghorbel A., Amouri M., Nebaoui A., Haddad S., Bouattour A., 2009. Clinical, serological, and molecular evidence of ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis in dogs in Tunisia. Parasitol. Res, 104(4), 767-74.
  • 7. Carlos RSA., Carvalho FS., Wenceslau AA., Almosny NRP., Albuquerque GR., 2011. Risk factors and clinical disorders of canine ehrlichiosis in the South of Bahia, Rev Bras Parasitol Vet, 20(3), 210-214.
  • 8. Karagenç T., Hoşgör M., Bilgiç H., Paşa S., Kırlı G., Eren H., 2005. Ege Bölgesinde Köpeklerde E. canis, A. phagocytophila ve A. platys’ in Prevalansının Nested-PCR ile Tespiti poster. In, Proceedings of the XIV National Parasitology Congress (Ulusal Parazitoloji Kongresi), İzmir, 18-25.
  • 9. Shkap V., Baneth G., Pipano E., 1994. Circulating antibodies to Hepatozoon canis demonstrated by immunofluorescence. J Vet Diagn Invest, 6, 121-123.
  • 10. Abranches P., Silva-Pereira MC., Conceicao-Silva FM., Santos-Gomes GM., Janz JG., 1991. Canine leishmaniasis: pathological and ecological factors influencing transmission of infection. J Parasitol, (77), 557-561.
  • 11. Kırlı G., 2006. Ege Bölgesi’ndeki Köpeklerde Babesiosis’in Yaygınlığı. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Türkiye.
  • 12. Watanabe M., Okuda M., Tsuji M., Inokuma H., 2004. Seroepidemiological study of canine ehrlichial infections in Yamaguchi prefecture and surrounding areas of Japan. Vet. Parasitol,124, 101-107.
  • 13. Rodriguez-Vivas RI., Albornoz REF., Bolio GME., 2005. Ehrlichia canis in dogs in Yucatan, Mexico: seroprevalence, prevalence of infection and associated factors. Vet. Parasitol, 127, 75-79.
  • 14. Davoust B., Bourry O., Gomez J., Lafay L., Casali F., Leroy E., 2006. Daniel Parzy Surveys on Seroprevalence of Canine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis among Dogs Living in the Ivory Coast and Gabon and Evaluation of a Quick Commercial Test Kit Dot-ELISA. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 1078, 464-469.
  • 15. Sainz Á.,, Roura X., Miró G., Estrada-Peña A., Kohn B., Harrus S., Solano-Gallego L., 2015. Guideline for veterinary practitioners on canine ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis in Europe. Parasit Vectors, 4(8), 75.
  • 16. Batmaz H., Nevo E., Waner T., Senturk S., Yilmaz Z., Harri S., 2001. Seroprevalence of Ehrlichia canis antibodies among dogs in Turkey. Vet Rec, 148, 665-666. 17. Tuna GE., Ulutas B., 2009. Prevalence of Ehrlichia canis Infection in Thrombocytopenic Dogs. Lucrărı Ştıınłıfıce Medıcınă Veterınară, 42, 160-164.
  • 18. Aktaş M., Özübek S., Altay K., İpek NDS., Balkaya İ., Utuk AE., Kırbas A., Şimsek S., Dumanlı N., 2015. Molecular detection of tick-borne rickettsial and protozoan pathogens in domestic dogs from Turkey. Parasit Vectors, 8, 157.
  • 19. Dagnone SA., Morais HSA., Vidotto MC., Jojima FS., Vidotto O., 2003. Ehrlichiosis in anemic, thrombocytopenic, or tick-infested dogs from a hospital population in South Brazil. Vet Parasitol, 117(4), 285-290.
  • 20. Inokuma H., Ohno K., Yamamoto S., 1991. Serosurvey of Ehrlichia canis and Hepatozoon canis infection in dogs in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan. J Vet Med Sci, 61(10), 1153-5.
  • 21. Waner T., Harrus S., Jongejan F., Bark H., Keysary A., 2001. Cornelissen AW: Significance of serological testing for ehrlichial diseases in dogs with special emphasis of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis caused by Ehrlichia canis. Vet Parasitol, 95, 1-15.
  • 22. Panciera RJ., Ewing SA., Confer AW., 2001. Ocular histopathology of ehrlichial infections in the dog. Vet Pathol, 38, 43-46.
  • 23. Komnenou A., Mylonakıs ME., Koutı V., Tendoma L., Leontıdes L., Skountzoum E., Dessırıs A., Koutınas AF., Ofrı R., 2007. Ocular manifestations of natural canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (Ehrlichia canis): a retrospective study of 90 cases. Vet Ophthalmol, 10, 137-142.
  • 24. Borin S., Crivelenti L., Ferreira FA., 2009. Epidemiological, clinical, and hematological aspects of 251 dogs naturally infected with Ehrlichia spp. morulae. Arq Bras Med Vet Zoo, 61(3), 566-571.
  • 25. Troy GC., Vulgamott JC., Turnwald GH., 1980. Canine ehrlichiosis: a retrospective study of 30 naturally occurring cases. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc, 16, 181-187.
  • 26. Frank JR., Breitschwerdt EB., 1999. A retrospective study of ehrlichiosis in 62 dogs from North Carolina and Virginia. J Vet Intern Med, 13, 194-201.
  • 27. Baneth G., Waner T., Koplah A., Weinstain S., Keysary A., 1996. Survey of Ehrlichia canis Antibodies among Dogs in Israel, Vet Rec, 138(1), 257-259.
  • 28. Palacios M., Arteaga R., Calvo G., 2017. High-Dose Filgrastim Treatment of Nonregenerative Pancytopenia Associated With Chronic Canine Ehrlichiosis. Top Companion Anim Med, 32(1), 28-30.
  • 29. Mylonakis ME., Koutinas AF., Baneth G., Polizopoulou Z., Fytianou A., 2004. Mixed Ehrlichia canis, Hepatozoon canis, and presumptive Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in a dog. Vet Clin Pathol, 33(4), 249.

Monocytic Ehrlichiosis in Aegean Region Dogs: Clinical and Haematological Findings

Year 2019, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 8 - 14, 28.04.2019
https://doi.org/10.17094/ataunivbd.383253

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to evaluate clinical and haematological findings among 63 dogs solely diagnosed canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME) within IFAT application. For this purpose; age, breed, sex, anti-parasitic drug application, living environment, the presence of tick and general condition of the dogs were noticed, clinical and haematological variables were determined. Fourteen out of 63 (22.22%) dogs were regularly treated with anti-parasitic drugs while other 49 dogs (77.77%) were irregularly treated with anti-parasitic drugs. Forty-two (66.66%) of the dogs were living on garden conditions while 21 (33.33%) of the dogs were living in the house and 36 (57.14%) of the dogs had tick found on clinical referral. The most commonly observed clinical signs were anorexia (87.30%), lymphadenopathy (80.95%), pale mucous membranes (47.61%) and fever (42.85 %). Besides tachypnoea (36.50%), tachyarrhythmia (34.92%), haemorrhagia (22.22%), eye lesions (22.22%), skin lesions (7.93%), neurological signs (3.17%) and arthritis (19.04%) were other observed clinical signs. Thrombocytopenia (63.49%) and anaemia (46.03%) were most commonly detected haematological findings. In conclusion, it was suggested that CME was prevalent in our region and CME must be taken into consideration among dogs presenting aforementioned clinical and haematological findings.

References

  • 1. Fonseca JP., Bruhn FRP., Ribeiro MJM., Hirsch C., Rocha CMBM., Guedes E., Antônio Marcos Guimarães AM., 2017. Hematological Parameters and Seroprevalence of Ehrlichia Canis and Babesia Vogeli In Dogs. Cienc anim bras, 18, 1-9.
  • 2. Ansari-Mood M., Khoshnegah J., Mohri M., Rajaei SM., 2015. Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Ehrlichia canis Infection among Companion Dogs of Mashhad, North East of Iran, 2009–2010. J Arthropod Borne Dis, 9(2), 184-194.
  • 3. Neer TM., Breitschwerdt EB., Greene RT., Lappin MR., 2002. Consensus statement on ehrlichial disease of small animals from the infectious disease study group of the ACVIM. J Vet Intern Med, 16, 309-315.
  • 4. Bhadesiya CM., Raval SK., 2015. Hematobiochemical changes in ehrlichiosis in dogs of Anand region, Gujarat. Veterinary World, 8(6), 713-717.
  • 5. Moonarmart W., Sungpradit S., Rawangchue T., Suphaphiphat K., Suksusieng S., Jirapattharasate C., 2014. Clinical history and hematological findings among canines with monocytic ehrlichiosis. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 45(1), 157-66.
  • 6. M'ghirbi Y., Ghorbel A., Amouri M., Nebaoui A., Haddad S., Bouattour A., 2009. Clinical, serological, and molecular evidence of ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis in dogs in Tunisia. Parasitol. Res, 104(4), 767-74.
  • 7. Carlos RSA., Carvalho FS., Wenceslau AA., Almosny NRP., Albuquerque GR., 2011. Risk factors and clinical disorders of canine ehrlichiosis in the South of Bahia, Rev Bras Parasitol Vet, 20(3), 210-214.
  • 8. Karagenç T., Hoşgör M., Bilgiç H., Paşa S., Kırlı G., Eren H., 2005. Ege Bölgesinde Köpeklerde E. canis, A. phagocytophila ve A. platys’ in Prevalansının Nested-PCR ile Tespiti poster. In, Proceedings of the XIV National Parasitology Congress (Ulusal Parazitoloji Kongresi), İzmir, 18-25.
  • 9. Shkap V., Baneth G., Pipano E., 1994. Circulating antibodies to Hepatozoon canis demonstrated by immunofluorescence. J Vet Diagn Invest, 6, 121-123.
  • 10. Abranches P., Silva-Pereira MC., Conceicao-Silva FM., Santos-Gomes GM., Janz JG., 1991. Canine leishmaniasis: pathological and ecological factors influencing transmission of infection. J Parasitol, (77), 557-561.
  • 11. Kırlı G., 2006. Ege Bölgesi’ndeki Köpeklerde Babesiosis’in Yaygınlığı. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Türkiye.
  • 12. Watanabe M., Okuda M., Tsuji M., Inokuma H., 2004. Seroepidemiological study of canine ehrlichial infections in Yamaguchi prefecture and surrounding areas of Japan. Vet. Parasitol,124, 101-107.
  • 13. Rodriguez-Vivas RI., Albornoz REF., Bolio GME., 2005. Ehrlichia canis in dogs in Yucatan, Mexico: seroprevalence, prevalence of infection and associated factors. Vet. Parasitol, 127, 75-79.
  • 14. Davoust B., Bourry O., Gomez J., Lafay L., Casali F., Leroy E., 2006. Daniel Parzy Surveys on Seroprevalence of Canine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis among Dogs Living in the Ivory Coast and Gabon and Evaluation of a Quick Commercial Test Kit Dot-ELISA. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 1078, 464-469.
  • 15. Sainz Á.,, Roura X., Miró G., Estrada-Peña A., Kohn B., Harrus S., Solano-Gallego L., 2015. Guideline for veterinary practitioners on canine ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis in Europe. Parasit Vectors, 4(8), 75.
  • 16. Batmaz H., Nevo E., Waner T., Senturk S., Yilmaz Z., Harri S., 2001. Seroprevalence of Ehrlichia canis antibodies among dogs in Turkey. Vet Rec, 148, 665-666. 17. Tuna GE., Ulutas B., 2009. Prevalence of Ehrlichia canis Infection in Thrombocytopenic Dogs. Lucrărı Ştıınłıfıce Medıcınă Veterınară, 42, 160-164.
  • 18. Aktaş M., Özübek S., Altay K., İpek NDS., Balkaya İ., Utuk AE., Kırbas A., Şimsek S., Dumanlı N., 2015. Molecular detection of tick-borne rickettsial and protozoan pathogens in domestic dogs from Turkey. Parasit Vectors, 8, 157.
  • 19. Dagnone SA., Morais HSA., Vidotto MC., Jojima FS., Vidotto O., 2003. Ehrlichiosis in anemic, thrombocytopenic, or tick-infested dogs from a hospital population in South Brazil. Vet Parasitol, 117(4), 285-290.
  • 20. Inokuma H., Ohno K., Yamamoto S., 1991. Serosurvey of Ehrlichia canis and Hepatozoon canis infection in dogs in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan. J Vet Med Sci, 61(10), 1153-5.
  • 21. Waner T., Harrus S., Jongejan F., Bark H., Keysary A., 2001. Cornelissen AW: Significance of serological testing for ehrlichial diseases in dogs with special emphasis of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis caused by Ehrlichia canis. Vet Parasitol, 95, 1-15.
  • 22. Panciera RJ., Ewing SA., Confer AW., 2001. Ocular histopathology of ehrlichial infections in the dog. Vet Pathol, 38, 43-46.
  • 23. Komnenou A., Mylonakıs ME., Koutı V., Tendoma L., Leontıdes L., Skountzoum E., Dessırıs A., Koutınas AF., Ofrı R., 2007. Ocular manifestations of natural canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (Ehrlichia canis): a retrospective study of 90 cases. Vet Ophthalmol, 10, 137-142.
  • 24. Borin S., Crivelenti L., Ferreira FA., 2009. Epidemiological, clinical, and hematological aspects of 251 dogs naturally infected with Ehrlichia spp. morulae. Arq Bras Med Vet Zoo, 61(3), 566-571.
  • 25. Troy GC., Vulgamott JC., Turnwald GH., 1980. Canine ehrlichiosis: a retrospective study of 30 naturally occurring cases. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc, 16, 181-187.
  • 26. Frank JR., Breitschwerdt EB., 1999. A retrospective study of ehrlichiosis in 62 dogs from North Carolina and Virginia. J Vet Intern Med, 13, 194-201.
  • 27. Baneth G., Waner T., Koplah A., Weinstain S., Keysary A., 1996. Survey of Ehrlichia canis Antibodies among Dogs in Israel, Vet Rec, 138(1), 257-259.
  • 28. Palacios M., Arteaga R., Calvo G., 2017. High-Dose Filgrastim Treatment of Nonregenerative Pancytopenia Associated With Chronic Canine Ehrlichiosis. Top Companion Anim Med, 32(1), 28-30.
  • 29. Mylonakis ME., Koutinas AF., Baneth G., Polizopoulou Z., Fytianou A., 2004. Mixed Ehrlichia canis, Hepatozoon canis, and presumptive Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in a dog. Vet Clin Pathol, 33(4), 249.
There are 28 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Araştırma Makaleleri
Authors

Gülten Emek Tuna

Serkan Bakırcı

Ceren Dinler This is me

Tülin Karagenç This is me

Bülent Ulutaş

Publication Date April 28, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 14 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Tuna, G. E., Bakırcı, S., Dinler, C., Karagenç, T., et al. (2019). Monocytic Ehrlichiosis in Aegean Region Dogs: Clinical and Haematological Findings. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi, 14(1), 8-14. https://doi.org/10.17094/ataunivbd.383253
AMA Tuna GE, Bakırcı S, Dinler C, Karagenç T, Ulutaş B. Monocytic Ehrlichiosis in Aegean Region Dogs: Clinical and Haematological Findings. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi. April 2019;14(1):8-14. doi:10.17094/ataunivbd.383253
Chicago Tuna, Gülten Emek, Serkan Bakırcı, Ceren Dinler, Tülin Karagenç, and Bülent Ulutaş. “Monocytic Ehrlichiosis in Aegean Region Dogs: Clinical and Haematological Findings”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi 14, no. 1 (April 2019): 8-14. https://doi.org/10.17094/ataunivbd.383253.
EndNote Tuna GE, Bakırcı S, Dinler C, Karagenç T, Ulutaş B (April 1, 2019) Monocytic Ehrlichiosis in Aegean Region Dogs: Clinical and Haematological Findings. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi 14 1 8–14.
IEEE G. E. Tuna, S. Bakırcı, C. Dinler, T. Karagenç, and B. Ulutaş, “Monocytic Ehrlichiosis in Aegean Region Dogs: Clinical and Haematological Findings”, Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 8–14, 2019, doi: 10.17094/ataunivbd.383253.
ISNAD Tuna, Gülten Emek et al. “Monocytic Ehrlichiosis in Aegean Region Dogs: Clinical and Haematological Findings”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi 14/1 (April 2019), 8-14. https://doi.org/10.17094/ataunivbd.383253.
JAMA Tuna GE, Bakırcı S, Dinler C, Karagenç T, Ulutaş B. Monocytic Ehrlichiosis in Aegean Region Dogs: Clinical and Haematological Findings. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi. 2019;14:8–14.
MLA Tuna, Gülten Emek et al. “Monocytic Ehrlichiosis in Aegean Region Dogs: Clinical and Haematological Findings”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 14, no. 1, 2019, pp. 8-14, doi:10.17094/ataunivbd.383253.
Vancouver Tuna GE, Bakırcı S, Dinler C, Karagenç T, Ulutaş B. Monocytic Ehrlichiosis in Aegean Region Dogs: Clinical and Haematological Findings. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi. 2019;14(1):8-14.