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Sanatla Terapi Programı ve Etkileşim Grubu Uygulamasının Ruhsal Belirti Düzeyleri Üzerindeki Etkisi

Year 2018, Volume: 1 Issue: 2, 97 - 120, 05.08.2018

Volkan Demir Ahmet Demir

Abstract

Bu
araştırma, sanatla terapi programının bireylerin ruhsal belirti düzeyleri
üzerindeki etkisini araştırmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma, ön test ve son
test modele dayalı deneysel bir çalışmadır. Kısa Semptom Envanterinden yüksek puan alan ve gönüllü olan bireyler
birinci deney (11) ve ikinci deney grubuna (11) yansız olarak atanmıştır. Ölçme
araçları uygulama öncesinde ön test, uygulamanın bitiminde ise son test olarak
uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada birinci deney grubuna sekiz oturum sanatla terapi
programı uygulanırken, ikinci deney grubu olan etkileşim grubuna da sekiz
oturum grup üyeleri tarafından seçilen konuların işlendiği bir program
yürütülmüştür. Grupların kendi içlerinde karşılaştırılmasında Wilcoxon İşaretli
Sıralar Testi kullanılmıştır. Farkın hangi gruptan kaynaklandığı ise Mann
Whitney U Testi ile analiz edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, birinci deney grubu ve ikinci
deney grubu karşılaştırıldığında, sanatla terapi grubundaki bireylerin Kısa
Semptom Envanteri alt ölçeklerinden somatizasyon, obsesif kompulsif bozukluk,
kişiler arası duyarlılık, depresyon, 
kaygı, öfke, fobik anksiyete düzeylerini azaltmada olumlu bir etkiye
sahip olduğunu ancak paranoid düşünce ve psikotizm düzeylerini azaltmada etkili
olmadığını göstermektedir. Buna karşılık etkileşim grubunun ön test ve son test
puanlarının ortalamaları arasındaki fark .05 düzeyinde anlamlı bulunmamıştır. Sanatla
terapi grubundan ve etkileşim grubundan elde edilen puanlar
karşılaştırıldığında ise iki grup arasında alt ölçeklerden sadece depresyon ve
öfke arasında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmuş, diğer alt ölçeklerde anlamlı bir
farklılık bulunmamıştır.





Keywords

Sanat terapisi Ruhsal belirti Grup terapisi

References

  • Akhan, L. U. (2012). Psikopatolojik Sanat ve Psikiyatrik Tedavide Sanatın Kullanılışı. Journal of Higher Education & Science/Yüksekögretim ve Bilim Dergisi, 2(2).
  • Akhan, L. U., & Atasoy, N. (2017). Impact of marbling art therapy activities on the anxiety levels of psychiatric patients. Journal of Human Sciences, 14(2), 2121-2128.
  • Appleton, V. (2001). Avenues of hope: Art therapy and the resolution of trauma. Art Therapy, 18(1), 6-13.
  • Aydın, B. (2012). Tıbbi Sanat Terapisi. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar, 4(1), 69-83.
  • Bar‐Sela, G., Atid, L., Danos, S., Gabay, N., & Epelbaum, R. (2007). Art therapy improved depression and influenced fatigue levels in cancer patients on chemotherapy. Psycho‐Oncology, 16(11), 980-984.
  • Boyce, P. & Mason, C. (1996). An Overview of Depression-Prone Personality Traits And The Role Of Interpersonal Sensitivity. Australian And New Zealand Journal Of Psychiatry, 30, 90-103.
  • Bush, J. (1997). The development of school art therapy in Dade County Public Schools: Implications for future change. Art Therapy, 14(1), 9-14.
  • Capacchione, L. (2012). Sanat terapisiyle iyileşmek. Kaknüs yayınları: İstanbul.
  • Case, C., & Dalley, T. (2006). Handbook of art therapy. (2 rd ed. pp.1-10). London: Routledge.
  • Chandraiah, S., Anand, S. A., & Avent, L. C. (2012). Efficacy of group art therapy on depressive symptoms in adult heterogeneous psychiatric outpatients. Art Therapy, 29(2), 80-86.
  • Chapman, L., Morabito, D., Ladakakos, C., Schreier, H., & Knudson, M. M. (2001). The effectiveness of art therapy interventions in reducing post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in pediatric trauma patients. Art Therapy, 18(2), 100-104.
  • Coşkun, S., Yıldız, Ö., & Yazıcı, A. (2010). Psikiyatrik Rehabilitasyonda Fotoğrafın Kullanımı: Bir Ön Proje. Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi, 1(3):121-127.
  • Curry, N. A., & Kasser, T. (2005). Can coloring mandalas reduce anxiety?. Art Therapy, 22(2), 81-85.
  • Davison, G. C., Neale, J. M., & Dağ, İ. (2004). Anormal psikolojisi:(Abnormal psychology). Türk Psikologlar Derneği yayınları.
  • Demir, V. (2017). Dışavurumcu Sanat Terapisinin Psikolojik Belirtiler ile Bilişsel İşlevlere Etkisi. OPUS – Uluslararası Toplum Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(13), 575-598.
  • Demir, V. ve Yıldırım, B. (2017).Sanatla Terapi Programının Üniversite Sınavına Hazırlanan Öğrencilerin Depresyon, Anksiyete ve Stres Belirti Düzeylerine Etkililiği. Ege Eğitim Dergisi (18)1, 311-344.
  • Derogatis, L. R. (1992). BSI: Administration, scoring, and procedures manual-II. Towson, MD: Clinical Psychometric Research.
  • Geue, K.L., Goetze, H., Buttstaedt, M., Kleinert E., Richter, D., & Singer S. (2010). An overview of art therapy interventions for cancer patients and the results of research, Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 18(3-4), 160-170.
  • Gussak, D. (2006). Effects of art threapy with prison inmates: A follow-up study. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 33, 188-198.
  • Gussak, D. (2007). The effectiveness of art therapy in reducing depression in prison populations. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 51(4), 444-460.
  • Gussak, D. (2009). Comparing the effectiveness of art therapy on depression and locus of control of male and female inmates. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 36, 202-207.
  • Gussak, D.(2004). Art therapy with prison inmates: a pilot study. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 31, 245-259.
  • Harvey, S. (1989). Creative arts therapies in the classroom: A study of cognitive, emotional, and motivational changes. American Journal of Dance Therapy, 11(2), 85-100.
  • Hasgül, E. (2016). The importance of art in social work practices, International Journal of Innovative Research in Education, 3(2), 55- 60. Jones, N. A., & Field, T. (1999). Massage and music therapies attenuate frontal EEG asymmetry in depressed adolescents. Adolescence, 34(135), 529-534.
  • Joseph, S. (2001). Psychopathology and therapeutic approaches: An introduction. Palgrave.
  • Kar, Ö. & Toros, F. (2015, Mayıs). Aile İçi Şiddet ve Çocuk İstismarı Olgularıında Sanat Terapisi. Uluslararası Katılımlı III. Çocuk Gelişimi ve Eğitimi Kongresi “Erken Müdahale” sunulan sözel bildiri, Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Ankara. Erişim adresi: http://dergipark.gov.tr7download7article-file788858. Killick, K. (1993). Working with psychotic processes in art therapy. Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy, 7(1), 25-38.
  • Kim, H.K., Kim, K.M. & Nomura, S., (2016). The effect of group art therapy on older Korean adults with Neurocognitive Disorders. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 47, 48-54.
  • Kim, S., Kim, G., & Ki, J. (2014). Effects of group art therapy combined with breath meditation on the subjective well-being of depressed and anxious adolescents. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 41(5), 519-526.
  • Kim, S., & Ki, J. (2014). A case study on the effects of the creative art therapy with stretching and walking meditation—Focusing on the improvement of emotional expression and alleviation of somatisation symptoms in a neurasthenic adolescent. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 41(1), 71-78.
  • Lefèvre, C., Ledoux, M., & Filbet, M. (2016). Art therapy among palliative cancer patients: Aesthetic dimensions and impacts on symptoms. Palliative & supportive care, 14(4), 376-380.
  • Liebmann, M. (2004). Art therapy for groups: A handbook of themes and exercises. Psychology Press.
  • Malchiodi, C. A. (2003). Expressive arts therapy and multimodal approaches. Handbook of art therapy, 106-119.
  • Malchiodi, C. A. (Ed.). (2011). Handbook of art therapy. Guilford Press.
  • Malchiodi, C.A.(2005). Expressive Therapies History, Theory, and Practice. In. C.A. Malchiodi (Ed.), Expressive Therapies (pp.1-15). Newyork: Guilford press.
  • Mimica, N., & Kalinić, D. (2011). Art therapy may be benefitial for reducing stress-related behaviours in people with dementia-case report. Psychiatria Danubina, 23(1.), 125-128.
  • Monti, D. A., Peterson, C., Kunkel, E. J. S., Hauck, W. W., Pequignot, E., Rhodes, L., & Brainard, G. C. (2006). A randomized, controlled trial of mindfulness‐based art therapy (MBAT) for women with cancer. Psycho‐Oncology, 15(5), 363-373.
  • Rabin, M. (2003). Art therapy and eating disorders: The self as significant form. Columbia University Press.
  • Rogers, C.R. (1992) The Process of the Basic Encounter Group. Orijinal basım tarihi: 1967. In Classics in Group Psychotherapy. MacKenzie, K.R (Ed.) New York: The Guilford Press.
  • Safar, L. T., & Press, D. Z. (2011). Art and the brain: Effects of dementia on art production in art therapy. Art Therapy, 28(3), 96-103.
  • Sarandöl, A., Akkaya, C., Eracar, N., ve Kırlı, S. (2013). Şizofreni hastaları ve yakınlarıyla yapılan sanatla terapinin hastalık belirtileri, bireysel ve toplumsal beceriler üzerine etkisi. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry/Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi, 14(4), 333-339.
  • Shostak, B., DiMaria, A., Salant, E., Schoebel, N., Bush, J., Minar, V., ve Pollakoff, L. (1985). “Art Therapy in the Schools” A Position Paper of the American Art Therapy Association. Art Therapy, 2(1), 19-21.
  • Şahin, N. H., & Durak, A. (1994). Kısa Semptom Envanteri: Türk gençleri için uyarlanması. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 9 (31), 44-56.
  • Şahin, N. H., Batıgün, A. D., & Uğurtaş, S. (2002). Kısa Semptom Envanteri (KSE): Ergenler için kullanımının geçerlik, güvenilirlik ve faktör yapısı. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 13(2), 125-135.
  • Theorell, T. O. R., Konarski, K., Westerlund, H., Burell, A. M., Engström, R., Lagercrantz, A. M., ... & Thulin, K. (1998). Treatment of patients with chronic somatic symptoms by means of art psychotherapy: A process description. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 67(1), 50-56.
  • Turetsky, C. J., ve Hays, R. E. (2003). Development of an art psychotherapy model for the prevention and treatment of unresolved grief during midlife. Art Therapy, 20(3), 148-156.
  • Visnola, D., Sprūdža, D., Ārija Baķe, M., & Piķe, A. (2010, January). Effects of art therapy on stress and anxiety of employees. In Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences, 64(1/2), 85-91.
  • Walker, M. S., Kaimal, G., Koffman, R., & DeGraba, T. J. (2016). Art therapy for PTSD and TBI: A senior active duty military service member’s therapeutic journey. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 49, 10-18.

The Impact of Art Therapy Program and Interaction Group Application on Psychological Symptom Levels

Year 2018, Volume: 1 Issue: 2, 97 - 120, 05.08.2018

Volkan Demir Ahmet Demir

Abstract

This research aims
to analyze the effect of art therapy program on individuals’ psychological symptom levels. The
study incorporates experimental research based on pretest-posttest design.
Individuals that scored high on Brief Symptom Inventory and individuals
volunteered to participate in the study were allocated to first (11) and second
experimental group (11) in an objective matter. Measuring tools were applied as
pretest before the application and as posttest after the application. During
the study, the first experimental group was subjected to eight sessions of art
therapy, while the second experimental group, which is the encounter group, was
subjected to eight sessions of a program consisting of topics selected by group
members. Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test was used for the comparisons within each
group while Mann Whitney U Test was used to determine the differentiating
groups. In conclusion, when first experimental group and second experimental
group were compared, individuals that received art therapy experienced lower
levels of somatisation, obsessive-compulsive disorder, interpersonal sensitivity,
depression, anxiety, anger and phobic anxiety based on Brief Symptom Inventory
subscales, while art therapy did not have any effect on reducing the paranoid
ideation and psychoticism. However, the difference between pretest and posttest
results of the encounter group was less than .05, which was determined as
insignificant. When the results of art therapy group and encounter group were
compared, only depression and anger was determined to be significant, while
other subscales were determined as insignificant. 

Keywords

Art Therapy Psychological Symptom Group Therapy

References

  • Akhan, L. U. (2012). Psikopatolojik Sanat ve Psikiyatrik Tedavide Sanatın Kullanılışı. Journal of Higher Education & Science/Yüksekögretim ve Bilim Dergisi, 2(2).
  • Akhan, L. U., & Atasoy, N. (2017). Impact of marbling art therapy activities on the anxiety levels of psychiatric patients. Journal of Human Sciences, 14(2), 2121-2128.
  • Appleton, V. (2001). Avenues of hope: Art therapy and the resolution of trauma. Art Therapy, 18(1), 6-13.
  • Aydın, B. (2012). Tıbbi Sanat Terapisi. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar, 4(1), 69-83.
  • Bar‐Sela, G., Atid, L., Danos, S., Gabay, N., & Epelbaum, R. (2007). Art therapy improved depression and influenced fatigue levels in cancer patients on chemotherapy. Psycho‐Oncology, 16(11), 980-984.
  • Boyce, P. & Mason, C. (1996). An Overview of Depression-Prone Personality Traits And The Role Of Interpersonal Sensitivity. Australian And New Zealand Journal Of Psychiatry, 30, 90-103.
  • Bush, J. (1997). The development of school art therapy in Dade County Public Schools: Implications for future change. Art Therapy, 14(1), 9-14.
  • Capacchione, L. (2012). Sanat terapisiyle iyileşmek. Kaknüs yayınları: İstanbul.
  • Case, C., & Dalley, T. (2006). Handbook of art therapy. (2 rd ed. pp.1-10). London: Routledge.
  • Chandraiah, S., Anand, S. A., & Avent, L. C. (2012). Efficacy of group art therapy on depressive symptoms in adult heterogeneous psychiatric outpatients. Art Therapy, 29(2), 80-86.
  • Chapman, L., Morabito, D., Ladakakos, C., Schreier, H., & Knudson, M. M. (2001). The effectiveness of art therapy interventions in reducing post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in pediatric trauma patients. Art Therapy, 18(2), 100-104.
  • Coşkun, S., Yıldız, Ö., & Yazıcı, A. (2010). Psikiyatrik Rehabilitasyonda Fotoğrafın Kullanımı: Bir Ön Proje. Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi, 1(3):121-127.
  • Curry, N. A., & Kasser, T. (2005). Can coloring mandalas reduce anxiety?. Art Therapy, 22(2), 81-85.
  • Davison, G. C., Neale, J. M., & Dağ, İ. (2004). Anormal psikolojisi:(Abnormal psychology). Türk Psikologlar Derneği yayınları.
  • Demir, V. (2017). Dışavurumcu Sanat Terapisinin Psikolojik Belirtiler ile Bilişsel İşlevlere Etkisi. OPUS – Uluslararası Toplum Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(13), 575-598.
  • Demir, V. ve Yıldırım, B. (2017).Sanatla Terapi Programının Üniversite Sınavına Hazırlanan Öğrencilerin Depresyon, Anksiyete ve Stres Belirti Düzeylerine Etkililiği. Ege Eğitim Dergisi (18)1, 311-344.
  • Derogatis, L. R. (1992). BSI: Administration, scoring, and procedures manual-II. Towson, MD: Clinical Psychometric Research.
  • Geue, K.L., Goetze, H., Buttstaedt, M., Kleinert E., Richter, D., & Singer S. (2010). An overview of art therapy interventions for cancer patients and the results of research, Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 18(3-4), 160-170.
  • Gussak, D. (2006). Effects of art threapy with prison inmates: A follow-up study. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 33, 188-198.
  • Gussak, D. (2007). The effectiveness of art therapy in reducing depression in prison populations. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 51(4), 444-460.
  • Gussak, D. (2009). Comparing the effectiveness of art therapy on depression and locus of control of male and female inmates. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 36, 202-207.
  • Gussak, D.(2004). Art therapy with prison inmates: a pilot study. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 31, 245-259.
  • Harvey, S. (1989). Creative arts therapies in the classroom: A study of cognitive, emotional, and motivational changes. American Journal of Dance Therapy, 11(2), 85-100.
  • Hasgül, E. (2016). The importance of art in social work practices, International Journal of Innovative Research in Education, 3(2), 55- 60. Jones, N. A., & Field, T. (1999). Massage and music therapies attenuate frontal EEG asymmetry in depressed adolescents. Adolescence, 34(135), 529-534.
  • Joseph, S. (2001). Psychopathology and therapeutic approaches: An introduction. Palgrave.
  • Kar, Ö. & Toros, F. (2015, Mayıs). Aile İçi Şiddet ve Çocuk İstismarı Olgularıında Sanat Terapisi. Uluslararası Katılımlı III. Çocuk Gelişimi ve Eğitimi Kongresi “Erken Müdahale” sunulan sözel bildiri, Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Ankara. Erişim adresi: http://dergipark.gov.tr7download7article-file788858. Killick, K. (1993). Working with psychotic processes in art therapy. Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy, 7(1), 25-38.
  • Kim, H.K., Kim, K.M. & Nomura, S., (2016). The effect of group art therapy on older Korean adults with Neurocognitive Disorders. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 47, 48-54.
  • Kim, S., Kim, G., & Ki, J. (2014). Effects of group art therapy combined with breath meditation on the subjective well-being of depressed and anxious adolescents. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 41(5), 519-526.
  • Kim, S., & Ki, J. (2014). A case study on the effects of the creative art therapy with stretching and walking meditation—Focusing on the improvement of emotional expression and alleviation of somatisation symptoms in a neurasthenic adolescent. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 41(1), 71-78.
  • Lefèvre, C., Ledoux, M., & Filbet, M. (2016). Art therapy among palliative cancer patients: Aesthetic dimensions and impacts on symptoms. Palliative & supportive care, 14(4), 376-380.
  • Liebmann, M. (2004). Art therapy for groups: A handbook of themes and exercises. Psychology Press.
  • Malchiodi, C. A. (2003). Expressive arts therapy and multimodal approaches. Handbook of art therapy, 106-119.
  • Malchiodi, C. A. (Ed.). (2011). Handbook of art therapy. Guilford Press.
  • Malchiodi, C.A.(2005). Expressive Therapies History, Theory, and Practice. In. C.A. Malchiodi (Ed.), Expressive Therapies (pp.1-15). Newyork: Guilford press.
  • Mimica, N., & Kalinić, D. (2011). Art therapy may be benefitial for reducing stress-related behaviours in people with dementia-case report. Psychiatria Danubina, 23(1.), 125-128.
  • Monti, D. A., Peterson, C., Kunkel, E. J. S., Hauck, W. W., Pequignot, E., Rhodes, L., & Brainard, G. C. (2006). A randomized, controlled trial of mindfulness‐based art therapy (MBAT) for women with cancer. Psycho‐Oncology, 15(5), 363-373.
  • Rabin, M. (2003). Art therapy and eating disorders: The self as significant form. Columbia University Press.
  • Rogers, C.R. (1992) The Process of the Basic Encounter Group. Orijinal basım tarihi: 1967. In Classics in Group Psychotherapy. MacKenzie, K.R (Ed.) New York: The Guilford Press.
  • Safar, L. T., & Press, D. Z. (2011). Art and the brain: Effects of dementia on art production in art therapy. Art Therapy, 28(3), 96-103.
  • Sarandöl, A., Akkaya, C., Eracar, N., ve Kırlı, S. (2013). Şizofreni hastaları ve yakınlarıyla yapılan sanatla terapinin hastalık belirtileri, bireysel ve toplumsal beceriler üzerine etkisi. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry/Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi, 14(4), 333-339.
  • Shostak, B., DiMaria, A., Salant, E., Schoebel, N., Bush, J., Minar, V., ve Pollakoff, L. (1985). “Art Therapy in the Schools” A Position Paper of the American Art Therapy Association. Art Therapy, 2(1), 19-21.
  • Şahin, N. H., & Durak, A. (1994). Kısa Semptom Envanteri: Türk gençleri için uyarlanması. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 9 (31), 44-56.
  • Şahin, N. H., Batıgün, A. D., & Uğurtaş, S. (2002). Kısa Semptom Envanteri (KSE): Ergenler için kullanımının geçerlik, güvenilirlik ve faktör yapısı. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 13(2), 125-135.
  • Theorell, T. O. R., Konarski, K., Westerlund, H., Burell, A. M., Engström, R., Lagercrantz, A. M., ... & Thulin, K. (1998). Treatment of patients with chronic somatic symptoms by means of art psychotherapy: A process description. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 67(1), 50-56.
  • Turetsky, C. J., ve Hays, R. E. (2003). Development of an art psychotherapy model for the prevention and treatment of unresolved grief during midlife. Art Therapy, 20(3), 148-156.
  • Visnola, D., Sprūdža, D., Ārija Baķe, M., & Piķe, A. (2010, January). Effects of art therapy on stress and anxiety of employees. In Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences, 64(1/2), 85-91.
  • Walker, M. S., Kaimal, G., Koffman, R., & DeGraba, T. J. (2016). Art therapy for PTSD and TBI: A senior active duty military service member’s therapeutic journey. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 49, 10-18.
There are 47 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Psychology
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Volkan Demir 0000-0002-8148-8647

Ahmet Demir

Publication Date August 5, 2018
Submission Date January 5, 2018
Acceptance Date August 5, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 1 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Demir, V., & Demir, A. (2018). Sanatla Terapi Programı ve Etkileşim Grubu Uygulamasının Ruhsal Belirti Düzeyleri Üzerindeki Etkisi. Türkiye Bütüncül Psikoterapi Dergisi, 1(2), 97-120.
AMA Demir V, Demir A. Sanatla Terapi Programı ve Etkileşim Grubu Uygulamasının Ruhsal Belirti Düzeyleri Üzerindeki Etkisi. TBPD. August 2018;1(2):97-120.
Chicago Demir, Volkan, and Ahmet Demir. “Sanatla Terapi Programı Ve Etkileşim Grubu Uygulamasının Ruhsal Belirti Düzeyleri Üzerindeki Etkisi”. Türkiye Bütüncül Psikoterapi Dergisi 1, no. 2 (August 2018): 97-120.
EndNote Demir V, Demir A (August 1, 2018) Sanatla Terapi Programı ve Etkileşim Grubu Uygulamasının Ruhsal Belirti Düzeyleri Üzerindeki Etkisi. Türkiye Bütüncül Psikoterapi Dergisi 1 2 97–120.
IEEE V. Demir and A. Demir, “Sanatla Terapi Programı ve Etkileşim Grubu Uygulamasının Ruhsal Belirti Düzeyleri Üzerindeki Etkisi”, TBPD, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 97–120, 2018.
ISNAD Demir, Volkan - Demir, Ahmet. “Sanatla Terapi Programı Ve Etkileşim Grubu Uygulamasının Ruhsal Belirti Düzeyleri Üzerindeki Etkisi”. Türkiye Bütüncül Psikoterapi Dergisi 1/2 (August 2018), 97-120.
JAMA Demir V, Demir A. Sanatla Terapi Programı ve Etkileşim Grubu Uygulamasının Ruhsal Belirti Düzeyleri Üzerindeki Etkisi. TBPD. 2018;1:97–120.
MLA Demir, Volkan and Ahmet Demir. “Sanatla Terapi Programı Ve Etkileşim Grubu Uygulamasının Ruhsal Belirti Düzeyleri Üzerindeki Etkisi”. Türkiye Bütüncül Psikoterapi Dergisi, vol. 1, no. 2, 2018, pp. 97-120.
Vancouver Demir V, Demir A. Sanatla Terapi Programı ve Etkileşim Grubu Uygulamasının Ruhsal Belirti Düzeyleri Üzerindeki Etkisi. TBPD. 2018;1(2):97-120.
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