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COVID-19 salgını sırasında Romatoid artrit ve Ankilozan Spondilit hastalarında Korku, Fobi, Anksiyete ve Depresyon semptom düzeyleri

Year 2021, Volume: 4 Issue: 3, 162 - 172, 31.12.2021

Suade Özlem Badak Esra Gültürk Emine Duygu Ersözlü

Abstract

Aim:This study aims to investigate the psychological symptom levels associated with COVID-19 in rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis in remission. COVID-19 Fear Scale, Covid-19 Phobia Scale, Beck Depression Inventory,
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between October 1 and December 31, 2020. Two hundred forty-eight patients meeting the criteria were included in the study. The demographic feature was recorded. Coronavirus-induced fear, phobia, depression, and anxiety symptoms were evaluated. For this purpose, the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, Covid-19 Phobia Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory were used.
Results: Most of the participants had high levels of fear, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. C19P-S, FCV-19S, BDI, and BAI scores showed significant simultaneous correlations. Common risk factors for symptoms of fear, anxiety, and depression associated with COVID-19 were concomitant illness and being a healthcare worker.
Conclusions: By transferring current recommendations on COVID-19 and chronic diseases to more patients, exaggerated fear caused by both their diseases and the drugs used can be prevented, and the continuation of the treatment can be contributed. In addition, if necessary, consulting the relevant departments for supportive and medical treatments may contribute to the continuation of the treatment and the prevention of the activation of the disease.

Keywords

COVID-19 COVID-19 Phobia Scale rheumatoid artrhritis

References

  • Reference1. Guan WJ, Ni ZY, Hu Y, et al. China Medical Treatment Expert Group for Covid-19. Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med. Apr 2020;30;382(18):1708-1720. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2002032.
  • Reference2. Duculan R, Jannat-Khah D, Mehta B,et al. Variables Associated With Perceived Risk of Contracting SARS-CoV-2 Infection During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Patients With Systemic Rheumatic Diseases. J Clin Rheumatol. Apr 2021; 1;27(3):120-126. doi: 10.1097/RHU.0000000000001686.
  • Reference3. Asmundson, G. J., Taylor, S. Coronaphobia: Fear and the 2019-nCoV outbreak. Journal of Anxiety Disorders. 2020; 70, 102196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis. 2020.102196
  • Reference4. Arpaci, I., Karatas¸, K., & Baloglu, M. The development and initial tests for the psychometric properties of the COVID-19 Phobia Scale (C19P-S). Personality and DEATH STUDIES 5 Individual Differences.2020; 164, 110108. https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.paid.2020.110108
  • Reference5. Aletaha D, Neogi T, Silman AJ, et al. Rheumatoid arthritis classification criteria: an American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism collaborative initiative. Arthritis Rheum. Sep 2010;62(9):2569-81. doi: 10.1002/art.27584.
  • Reference6. Sieper J, Rudwaleit M, Baraliakos X, et al. The Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) handbook: a guide to assess spondyloarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. Jun 2009;68 Suppl 2:ii1-44. doi: 10.1136/ard.2008.104018.
  • Reference7. Van der Heijde DM, van 't Hof M, van Riel PL, et al. Development of a disease activity score based on judgment in clinical practice by rheumatologists. J Rheumatol. Mar 1993;20(3):579-81.
  • Reference8. Lukas C, Landewé R, Sieper J, et al. Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society. Development of an ASAS-endorsed disease activity score (ASDAS) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis. Jan 2009;68(1):18-24. doi: 10.1136/ard.2008.094870. Epub 2008 Jul 14. Reference9. Ahorsu DK, Lin CY, Imani V, et al. The Fear of COVID-19 Scale: Development and Initial Validation. Int J Ment Health Addict. Mar 2020;27:1-9. doi: 10.1007/s11469-020-00270-8. Epub ahead of print.
  • Reference10. Haktanir A, Seki T, Dilmaç B. Adaptation and evaluation of Turkish version of the fear of COVID-19 Scale. Death Stud. May 2020; 29:1-9. doi: 10.1080/07481187.2020.1773026. Epub ahead of print.
  • Reference11. Steer RA, Beck AT. Beck Anxiety Inventory. In: Zalaquett CP, Wood RJ, editors. Evaluating Stress: A Book of Resource. Lanham: MD: Scarecrow Education.1997; pp. 23–40.
  • Reference12. Ulusoy M, Hisli N., Erkmen H. Turkish Version of the Beck Anxiety Inventory: Psychometric Properties. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy: An International Quarterly.1998;12.
  • Reference13. Beck AT, Steer RA. Internal consistencies of the original and revised Beck Depression Inventory. J Clin Psychol. Nov 1984;40(6):1365-7. doi: 10.1002/1097-4679(198411).
  • Reference14. Hisli N. Validity and Reliability study of Beck Depression Inventory Turk J Psychol 1998;6:118–122
  • Reference15. Nikopoulou VA, Holeva V, Parlapani E, et al.Mental Health Screening for COVID-19: a Proposed Cutoff Score for the Greek Version of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S). Int J Ment Health Addict. 2020 Nov 10:1-14. doi: 10.1007/s11469-020-00414-w.
  • Reference16. Pfefferbaum B, North CS. Mental Health and the Covid-19 Pandemic. N Engl J Med. Aug 6 2020;383(6):510-512. doi: 10.1056/NEJMp2008017.
  • Reference17. Seyahi E, Poyraz BC, Sut N, et al. The psychological state and changes in the routine of the patients with rheumatic diseases during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak in Turkey: a web-based cross-sectional survey. Rheumatol Int. Aug 2020;40(8):1229-1238. doi: 10.1007/s00296-020-04626-0.
  • Reference18. Fiest KM, Hitchon CA, Bernstein CN, et al. CIHR Team “Defining the Burden and Managing the Effects of Psychiatric Comorbidity in Chronic Immunoinflammatory Disease”. Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Interventions for Depression and Anxiety in Persons With Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Clin Rheumatol. Dec 2017;23(8):425-434. doi: 10.1097/RHU.0000000000000489.
  • Reference19. Baysal O, Durmuş B, Ersoy Y, et al. Relationship between psychological status and disease activity and quality of life in ankylosing spondylitis. Rheumatol Int. Jun 2011;31(6):795-800. doi: 10.1007/s00296-010-1381-x. Epub 2010 Mar 10.
  • Reference20. Bakioğlu F, Korkmaz O, Ercan H. Fear of COVID-19 and Positivity: Mediating Role of Intolerance of Uncertainty, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress. Int J Ment Health Addict.2020;28:1-14. doi: 10.1007/s11469-020-00331-y. Epub ahead of print.
  • Reference21. Bonfá E, Gossec L, Isenberg DA (2021) How COVID-19 is changing rheumatology clinical practice. Nat Rev Rheumatol.2021;17(1):11-15. doi: 10.1038/s41584-020-00527-5
  • Reference22. Glintborg B, Jensen DV, Engel S, et al. Self-protection strategies and health behaviour in patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic: results and predictors in more than 12 000 patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases followed in the Danish DANBIO registry. RMD Open. Jan 2021;7(1):e001505. doi: 10.1136/rmdopen-2020-001505.
  • Reference23. Sarzi-Puttini P, Marotto D, Caporali R, et al. Montecucco CM, Favalli EG, Franceschini F,et al.Prevalence of COVID infections in a population of rheumatic patients from Lombardy and Marche treated with biological drugs or small molecules: A multicentre retrospective study. J Autoimmun. Jan 2021;116:102545. doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102545. Epub 2020 Sep 22.
  • Reference24. Smolen JS, Nash P, Durez P, et al. (2013) Maintenance, reduction, or withdrawal of etanercept after treatment with etanercept and methotrexate in patients with moderate rheumatoid arthritis (PRESERVE): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. Mar 2013;381(9870):918-29. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61811-X. Epub 2013 Jan 17.
  • Reference25. Mikuls TR, Johnson SR, Fraenkel L, et al. American College of Rheumatology Guidance for the Management of Rheumatic Disease in Adult Patients During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Version 3. Arthritis Rheumatol. Feb 2021;73(2):e1-e12. doi: 10.1002/art.41596. Epub 2020 Dec 5.
  • Reference26. Peng S, Lai X, Du Y, et al. Prevalence and Associated Factors for Depressive Symptomatology in Chinese Adults During COVID-19 Epidemic. Front Psychol. Dec 23 2020; 11:616723. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.616723.
  • Reference27. Mertens G, Gerritsen L, Duijndam S, et al. Fear of the coronavirus (COVID-19): Predictors in an online study conducted in March. J Anxiety Disord. 2020 Aug 2020;74:102258. doi: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102258. Epub 2020 Jun 10.
  • Reference28. Gupta L, Kharbanda R, Agarwal V, et al. Patient Perspectives on the Effect of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic on Patients With Systemic Sclerosis: An International Patient Survey. J Clin Rheumatol. Jan 1, 2021;27(1):31-33. doi: 10.1097/RHU.0000000000001681.

Fear, Phobia, Anxiety and Depression symptom levels in Rheumatoid arthritis and Ankylosing Spondylitis patients during the COVID-19 outbreak

Year 2021, Volume: 4 Issue: 3, 162 - 172, 31.12.2021

Suade Özlem Badak Esra Gültürk Emine Duygu Ersözlü

Abstract

Aim: This study aims to investigate the psychological symptom levels associated with COVID-19 in rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis in remission.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between October 1 and December 31, 2020. Two hundred forty-eight patients meeting the criteria were included in the study. Coronavirus-induced fear, phobia, depression, and anxiety symptoms were evaluated. For this purpose, the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S), Covid-19 Phobia Scale (C19P-S), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were used.
Results: Most of the participants had high levels of fear, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. C19P-S, FCV-19S, BDI, and BAI scores showed significant simultaneous correlations (p<0.05, each other).
The scores of the patients using Biological DMARDs (Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs) were significantly higher (p <0.001). The scores of the healthcare workers were significantly higher (p <0.001). Among those who interrupted their routine outpatient visits, the rate of those who did not catch COVID-19 was higher (74.7%) (p <0.01). Common risk factors for symptoms of fear, anxiety, and depression associated with COVID-19 were concomitant illness and being a healthcare worker.
Conclusions: By transferring current recommendations on COVID-19 and chronic diseases to more patients, exaggerated fear caused by both their diseases and the drugs used can be prevented, and the continuation of the treatment can be contributed. In addition, if necessary, consulting the relevant departments for supportive and medical treatments may contribute to the continuation of the treatment and the prevention of the activation of the disease.

Keywords

covıd-19 romatoid artrit ankilozan spondilit

References

  • Reference1. Guan WJ, Ni ZY, Hu Y, et al. China Medical Treatment Expert Group for Covid-19. Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med. Apr 2020;30;382(18):1708-1720. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2002032.
  • Reference2. Duculan R, Jannat-Khah D, Mehta B,et al. Variables Associated With Perceived Risk of Contracting SARS-CoV-2 Infection During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Patients With Systemic Rheumatic Diseases. J Clin Rheumatol. Apr 2021; 1;27(3):120-126. doi: 10.1097/RHU.0000000000001686.
  • Reference3. Asmundson, G. J., Taylor, S. Coronaphobia: Fear and the 2019-nCoV outbreak. Journal of Anxiety Disorders. 2020; 70, 102196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis. 2020.102196
  • Reference4. Arpaci, I., Karatas¸, K., & Baloglu, M. The development and initial tests for the psychometric properties of the COVID-19 Phobia Scale (C19P-S). Personality and DEATH STUDIES 5 Individual Differences.2020; 164, 110108. https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.paid.2020.110108
  • Reference5. Aletaha D, Neogi T, Silman AJ, et al. Rheumatoid arthritis classification criteria: an American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism collaborative initiative. Arthritis Rheum. Sep 2010;62(9):2569-81. doi: 10.1002/art.27584.
  • Reference6. Sieper J, Rudwaleit M, Baraliakos X, et al. The Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) handbook: a guide to assess spondyloarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. Jun 2009;68 Suppl 2:ii1-44. doi: 10.1136/ard.2008.104018.
  • Reference7. Van der Heijde DM, van 't Hof M, van Riel PL, et al. Development of a disease activity score based on judgment in clinical practice by rheumatologists. J Rheumatol. Mar 1993;20(3):579-81.
  • Reference8. Lukas C, Landewé R, Sieper J, et al. Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society. Development of an ASAS-endorsed disease activity score (ASDAS) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis. Jan 2009;68(1):18-24. doi: 10.1136/ard.2008.094870. Epub 2008 Jul 14. Reference9. Ahorsu DK, Lin CY, Imani V, et al. The Fear of COVID-19 Scale: Development and Initial Validation. Int J Ment Health Addict. Mar 2020;27:1-9. doi: 10.1007/s11469-020-00270-8. Epub ahead of print.
  • Reference10. Haktanir A, Seki T, Dilmaç B. Adaptation and evaluation of Turkish version of the fear of COVID-19 Scale. Death Stud. May 2020; 29:1-9. doi: 10.1080/07481187.2020.1773026. Epub ahead of print.
  • Reference11. Steer RA, Beck AT. Beck Anxiety Inventory. In: Zalaquett CP, Wood RJ, editors. Evaluating Stress: A Book of Resource. Lanham: MD: Scarecrow Education.1997; pp. 23–40.
  • Reference12. Ulusoy M, Hisli N., Erkmen H. Turkish Version of the Beck Anxiety Inventory: Psychometric Properties. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy: An International Quarterly.1998;12.
  • Reference13. Beck AT, Steer RA. Internal consistencies of the original and revised Beck Depression Inventory. J Clin Psychol. Nov 1984;40(6):1365-7. doi: 10.1002/1097-4679(198411).
  • Reference14. Hisli N. Validity and Reliability study of Beck Depression Inventory Turk J Psychol 1998;6:118–122
  • Reference15. Nikopoulou VA, Holeva V, Parlapani E, et al.Mental Health Screening for COVID-19: a Proposed Cutoff Score for the Greek Version of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S). Int J Ment Health Addict. 2020 Nov 10:1-14. doi: 10.1007/s11469-020-00414-w.
  • Reference16. Pfefferbaum B, North CS. Mental Health and the Covid-19 Pandemic. N Engl J Med. Aug 6 2020;383(6):510-512. doi: 10.1056/NEJMp2008017.
  • Reference17. Seyahi E, Poyraz BC, Sut N, et al. The psychological state and changes in the routine of the patients with rheumatic diseases during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak in Turkey: a web-based cross-sectional survey. Rheumatol Int. Aug 2020;40(8):1229-1238. doi: 10.1007/s00296-020-04626-0.
  • Reference18. Fiest KM, Hitchon CA, Bernstein CN, et al. CIHR Team “Defining the Burden and Managing the Effects of Psychiatric Comorbidity in Chronic Immunoinflammatory Disease”. Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Interventions for Depression and Anxiety in Persons With Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Clin Rheumatol. Dec 2017;23(8):425-434. doi: 10.1097/RHU.0000000000000489.
  • Reference19. Baysal O, Durmuş B, Ersoy Y, et al. Relationship between psychological status and disease activity and quality of life in ankylosing spondylitis. Rheumatol Int. Jun 2011;31(6):795-800. doi: 10.1007/s00296-010-1381-x. Epub 2010 Mar 10.
  • Reference20. Bakioğlu F, Korkmaz O, Ercan H. Fear of COVID-19 and Positivity: Mediating Role of Intolerance of Uncertainty, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress. Int J Ment Health Addict.2020;28:1-14. doi: 10.1007/s11469-020-00331-y. Epub ahead of print.
  • Reference21. Bonfá E, Gossec L, Isenberg DA (2021) How COVID-19 is changing rheumatology clinical practice. Nat Rev Rheumatol.2021;17(1):11-15. doi: 10.1038/s41584-020-00527-5
  • Reference22. Glintborg B, Jensen DV, Engel S, et al. Self-protection strategies and health behaviour in patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic: results and predictors in more than 12 000 patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases followed in the Danish DANBIO registry. RMD Open. Jan 2021;7(1):e001505. doi: 10.1136/rmdopen-2020-001505.
  • Reference23. Sarzi-Puttini P, Marotto D, Caporali R, et al. Montecucco CM, Favalli EG, Franceschini F,et al.Prevalence of COVID infections in a population of rheumatic patients from Lombardy and Marche treated with biological drugs or small molecules: A multicentre retrospective study. J Autoimmun. Jan 2021;116:102545. doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102545. Epub 2020 Sep 22.
  • Reference24. Smolen JS, Nash P, Durez P, et al. (2013) Maintenance, reduction, or withdrawal of etanercept after treatment with etanercept and methotrexate in patients with moderate rheumatoid arthritis (PRESERVE): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. Mar 2013;381(9870):918-29. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61811-X. Epub 2013 Jan 17.
  • Reference25. Mikuls TR, Johnson SR, Fraenkel L, et al. American College of Rheumatology Guidance for the Management of Rheumatic Disease in Adult Patients During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Version 3. Arthritis Rheumatol. Feb 2021;73(2):e1-e12. doi: 10.1002/art.41596. Epub 2020 Dec 5.
  • Reference26. Peng S, Lai X, Du Y, et al. Prevalence and Associated Factors for Depressive Symptomatology in Chinese Adults During COVID-19 Epidemic. Front Psychol. Dec 23 2020; 11:616723. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.616723.
  • Reference27. Mertens G, Gerritsen L, Duijndam S, et al. Fear of the coronavirus (COVID-19): Predictors in an online study conducted in March. J Anxiety Disord. 2020 Aug 2020;74:102258. doi: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102258. Epub 2020 Jun 10.
  • Reference28. Gupta L, Kharbanda R, Agarwal V, et al. Patient Perspectives on the Effect of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic on Patients With Systemic Sclerosis: An International Patient Survey. J Clin Rheumatol. Jan 1, 2021;27(1):31-33. doi: 10.1097/RHU.0000000000001681.
There are 27 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Clinical Sciences
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Suade Özlem Badak 0000-0002-4661-787X

Esra Gültürk 0000-0003-0978-3091

Emine Duygu Ersözlü 0000-0001-6172-7762

Publication Date December 31, 2021
Acceptance Date October 25, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 4 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Badak, S. Ö., Gültürk, E., & Ersözlü, E. D. (2021). Fear, Phobia, Anxiety and Depression symptom levels in Rheumatoid arthritis and Ankylosing Spondylitis patients during the COVID-19 outbreak. Journal of Cukurova Anesthesia and Surgical Sciences, 4(3), 162-172.
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