ANTİOKSİDAN VİTAMİNLERİN DIABETES MELLİTUS'TA GELİŞEN OKSİDATİF STRES ÜZERİNDEKİ ROLÜ

Cemaliye Süt; Rojina Deniz Aygül; Seyit Mehmet Mercanlıgil

Review

ANTİOKSİDAN VİTAMİNLERİN DIABETES MELLİTUS'TA GELİŞEN OKSİDATİF STRES ÜZERİNDEKİ ROLÜ

Year 2023, Volume: 4 Issue: 3, 503 - 519, 31.12.2023

Cemaliye Süt Rojina Deniz Aygül Seyit Mehmet Mercanlıgil

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus tüm dünyada görülme sıklığı hızla artmakta olan kronik bir metabolizma bozukluğudur. Diyabetin ve komplikasyonlarının patogenezinde pek çok mekanizma ileri sürülmüştür. Bu mekanizmalar içinde en yaygını ise artan serbest radikallerin neden olduğu komplikasyonlardır. Diyabette oluşan oksidatif stresle, antioksidan kapasiteyi arttırarak başa çıkılabileceği düşünülmektedir. Antioksidan kapasiteyi artırmak için; antioksidan savunma mekanizmaları hem enzimatik hem de enzimatik olmayan yolaklar içermektedir. Diabetes Mellitus’ ta başlıca antioksidanlar A, C ve E vitaminleri; glutatyon ve enzimatik olarak da süperoksit dismutaz, katalaz, glutatyon peroksidaz ve glutatyon redüktazdır. Bu derlemede oksidatif stresin Diabetes Mellitus’ taki rolü ve antioksidan vitaminlerin stresle başa çıkabilmedeki etkisi güncel çalışmalar ışığında incelenmiştir.

Keywords

antioksidan,, diabetus mellitus, oksidatif stres, Antioxidant;, Diabetes, Oxidative stress

References

Afzali H, JafariKashi AH, Momen-Heravi M, Razzaghi R, Amirani E, Bahmani F, Gilasi HR, Asemi Z. Theeffects of magnesiumand vitamin E co-supplementation on woundhealingandmetabolicstatus in patientswithdiabeticfootulcer: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlledtrial. Woundrepairandregeneration : officialpublication of theWoundHealingSociety [and] theEuropeanTissueRepairSociety. 2019;27(3), 277–284.
Angelova PR, Abramov AY. Role of mitochondrial ROS in thebrain: fromphysiologytoneurodegeneration. FebsLetters. 2018;592(5):692–702. doi: 10.1002/1873-3468.12964.
Asemi Z, Alizadeh SA, Ahmad K, Goli M, Esmailzadeh A. Effects of beta-carotenefortifiedsymbioticfood on metaboliccontrol of patientswithtype 2 diabetesmellitus: A double-blindrandomizedcross-overcontrolledclinicaltrial. Clin. Nutr. 2016;35, 819–825
Balbi ME, Tonin FS, Mendes AM, Borba HH, Wiens A, Fernandez-Llimos F, Pontarolo R. Antioxidanteffects of vitamins in type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomizedcontrolledtrials. DiabetolMetabSyndr. 2018 Mar 14;10:18. doi: 10.1186/s13098-018-0318-5. PMID: 29568330; PMCID: PMC5853104.
Borel P, Desmarchelier, C. Geneticvariationsassociatedwith vitamin A statusand vitamin A bioavailability. Nutrients. 2017;9, 246.
Ceriello A, Testa R, Genovese S. Clinicalimplications of oxidativestressandpotential role of naturalantioxidants in diabeticvascularcomplications. NutrMetabCardiovascDis. 2016;26(4):285–292.doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2016.01.006.
Cheng HS, Ton SH, Tan JBL, Abdul Kadir K. Theameliorativeeffects of a tocotrienol-richfraction on the AGE-RAGE Axisandhypertension in high-fat-diet-fed ratswithmetabolicsyndrome. Nutrients. 2017;9:984. doi: 10.3390/nu9090984
Das UN. Vitamin C fortype 2 diabetesmellitusandhypertension. ArchMedRes. 2019 Feb;50(2):11-14. doi: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2019.05.004. Epub 2019 May 23. PMID: 31349946
Dos Santos JM, Tewari S, Mendes RH. The Role of OxidativeStress in the Development of DiabetesMellitusandItsComplications. J DiabetesRes. 2019 May 5;2019:4189813. doi: 10.1155/2019/4189813. PMID: 31192263; PMCID: PMC6525877.
El-Aal AA, El-Ghffar E, Ghali AA, Zughbur MR, Sirdah MM. Theeffect of vitamin C and/or E supplementations on type 2 diabeticadultmalesunder metformin treatment: A single-blindedrandomizedcontrolledclinicaltrial. Diabetes&MetabolicSyndrome. 2018;12(4), 483–489. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2018.03.013
Guzik TJ, Cosentino F. Epigeneticsandimmunometabolism in diabetesandaging. AntioxidRedoxSignal 2018; 29: 257-274.
Halliwell B., Gutteridge J. M. FreeRadicals in BiologyandMedicine. Oxford UniversityPress, USA; 2015.
Higuchi K, Saito, I, Maruyama K, Eguchi E, Mori, H, Tanno S, Sakurai S, Kishida T, Nishida W, Osawa,H. Associations of serum β-caroteneand retinol concentrationswith insulin resistance: TheToonHealthStudy. Nutrition 2015;31, 975–980.
Huang X, Guo Y, Li P, Ma X, Dong S, Hu H, Li Y, Yuan L. Association of circulating retinol and α-tohlevelswithcognitivefunction in agingsubjectwithtype 2 diabetesmellitus. J NutrHealthAging. 2020;24(3):290-299. doi: 10.1007/s12603-020-1328-1. PMID: 32115610.
Hurrle S, Hsu WH. Theetiology of oxidativestress in insulin resistance. BiomedicalJournal. 2017;40(5):257–262. doi: 10.1016/j.bj.2017.06.007.
Lee WJ, Kim JW, Lee JS, Ahn AL, Oh EJ, Choi JK, Cho DY. Caroteneintakeanddiabetesmellitus. KoreanJournal of Family Practice.2017, 7(2), 161-165.
Luc K, Schramm-Luc A, Guzik TJ, Mikolajczyk TP. Oxidativestressandinflammatorymarkers in prediabetesanddiabetes. J PhysiolPharmacol. 2019 Dec;70(6). doi: 10.26402/jpp.2019.6.01. Epub 2020 Feb 19. PMID: 32084643.
Marcelino G, Machate DJ, Freitas KC, Hiane PA, Maldonade IR, Pott A, Asato MA, Candido CJ, Guimarães RCA. β-Carotene: Preventive Role forType 2 DiabetesMellitusandObesity: A Review. Molecules. 2020 Dec 9;25(24):5803. doi: 10.3390/molecules25245803.
Marfianti E, Miladiyah I. Effects of 8-week vitamin E (α Tocopherol) supplementation on reduced insulin resistance in non-diabeticobesesubjects. 2021;104-108
Mason SA, Rasmussen B, vanLoon LJC, Salmon J, Wadley GD. Ascorbicacidsupplementationimprovespostprandialglycaemiccontrolandbloodpressure in individualswithtype 2 diabetes: Findings of a randomizedcross-overtrial. DiabetesObesMetab. 2019 Mar;21(3):674-682. doi: 10.1111/dom.13571. Epub 2018 Dec 2. PMID: 30394006.
Miceli V, Pampalone M, Frazziano G., et al Carnosineprotectspancreatic beta cellsandisletsagainstoxidativestressdamage. MolecularAnd Cellular Endocrinology. 2018;474:105–118. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.02.016.
Moran NE, Mohn ES, Hason N, ErdmanJr JW, Johnson EJ. Intrinsicandextrinsicfactorsimpactingabsorption, metabolism, andhealtheffects of dietarycarotenoids. Adv. Nutr. 2018;9, 465–492
P Khatami PG, Soleimani A, Sharifi N, Aghadavod E, Asemi Z. Theeffects of high-dose vitamin E supplementation on biomarkers of kidneyinjury, inflammation, andoxidativestress in patientswithdiabeticnephropathy: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlledtrial. J. Clin. Lipidol. 2016;10:922–929. doi: 10.1016/j.jacl.2016.02.021.
Pavithra D, Praeveen D, RanadheerChowdary P, VijeyAanandhi MA. Prospectivestudy on role of vitamin E supplementation in type 2 diabetesmellitus. AsianJournal of PharmaceuticalandClinicalResearch. 2016;11, 81-84.
Peh HY, Tan WS, Liao W, Wong WS. Vitamin E therapybeyondcancer: Tocopherolversustocotrienol. Pharmacol. Ther. 2016;162:152–169. doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.12.003.
Polidori, M. C., Mecocci, P., Stahl, W., Parente, B., Cecchetti, R., Cherubini, A., Cao, P., Sies, H., & Senin, U. (2000). Plasmalevels of lipophilicantioxidants in veryoldpatientswithtype 2 diabetes. Diabetes/metabolismresearchandreviews, 16(1), 15–19. https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-7560(200001/02)16:1<15::aid-dmrr71>3.0.co;2-b
Radi R, Denicola A, Morgan B, Zielonka J. Forewordtothefreeradicalbiologyandmedicinespecialissue on currentfluorescenceandchemiluminescenceapproaches in freeradicalandredoxbiology. FreeRadicalBiology&Medicine. 2018;128:1–2. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.09.027
Rösen P., Nawroth P. P., King G., Möller W., Tritschler H. J., Packer L. The role of oxidativestress in theonsetandprogression of diabetesanditscomplications: a summary of a congressseriessponsoredby UNESCO-MCBN, theAmericanDiabetesAssociationandtheGermanDiabetesSociety. Diabetes/MetabolismResearchandReviews. 2001;17(3):189–212.
Sanguanwong S, Tangvarasittichai O, Sengsuk C, Tangvarasittichai S. Oral supplementation of vitamin C reduced lipid peroxidationand insulin resistance in patientswithtype 2 diabetesmellitus. International Journal of ToxicologicalandPharmacologicalResearch. 2016;8(3), 114-19.
Sanjeevi N, Lipsky LM, Nansel TR. Hyperglycemiaandcarotenoidintakeareassociatedwith serum carotenoids in youthwithtype 1 diabetes. J. Acad. Nutr. Diet. 2019, 119, 1340–1348.
She C, Shang F, Cui M, Yang X, Liu N. Associationbetweendietaryantioxidantsand risk fordiabeticretinopathy in a Chinesepopulation. Eye. 2021;35(7), 1977-1984.
She C, Shang F, Zhou K, Liu N. Serum carotenoidsandrisks of diabetesanddiabeticretinopathy in a Chinesepopulationsample. Curr. Mol. Med. 2017;17, 287–297.
Tan SMQ, Chiew Y, Ahmad B, Kadir KA. Tocotrienol-rich vitamin E frompalmoil (tocovid) andıtseffects in diabetesanddiabeticnephropathy: A pilot phase II clinicaltrial. Nutrients. 2018 Sep 17;10(9):1315. doi: 10.3390/nu10091315. PMID: 30227659; PMCID: PMC6164742.
Van der Schaft N, Schoufour JD, Nano J, Kiefte-de Jong JC, MukaT,Sijbrands EJG, et al. Dietaryantioxidantcapacityand risk of type 2 diabetesmellitus, prediabetesand insulin resistance: the Rotterdam Study. Eur J Epidemiol. 2019 Sep;34(9):853-861. DOI: 10.1007/s10654-019-00548-9. Epub 2019 Aug 9. PMID: 31399939; PMCID: PMC6759671
Wafa M, Haghighat N, Moslehi N, Eghtesadi S, Heydari I. Effect of tocotrienolsenrichedcanolaoil on glycemiccontrolandoxidativestatus in patientswithtype 2 diabetesmellitus: A randomizeddouble-blindplacebo-controlledclinicaltrial. Journal of research in medicalsciences: theofficialjournal of Isfahan University of MedicalSciences. 2015;20(6), 540.
Wang J, Wang H. Oxidativestress in pancreatic beta cellregeneration. OxidativeMedicineand Cellular Longevity. 2017;2017:9. doi: 10.1155/2017/1930261.1930261
Wessel H, Saeed A, Heegsma, J, Connelly MA, Faber KN, Dullaart R. Plasmalevels of retinol binding protein 4 relatetolarge VLDL andsmall LDL particles in subjectswithandwithoutType 2 diabetes. Journal of ClinicalMedicine. 2019; 8(11), 1792. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8111792.
Yaribeygi H, Sathyapalan T, Atkin SL, Sahebkar A. MolecularMechanismsLinkingOxidativeStressandDiabetesMellitus. OxidMed Cell Longev. 2020 Mar 9;2020:8609213. doi: 10.1155/2020/8609213. PMID: 32215179; PMCID: PMC7085395.

The Role of Antioxidant Vitamins on Oxidative Stress in Diabetes Mellitus

Year 2023, Volume: 4 Issue: 3, 503 - 519, 31.12.2023

Cemaliye Süt Rojina Deniz Aygül Seyit Mehmet Mercanlıgil

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder whose incidence is increasing rapidly all over the world. Many mechanisms have been proposed in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications. The most common among these is the increased free radicals causing complications. Oxidative stress in diabetes can be dealt with by increasing antioxidant capacity. To increase antioxidant capacity; antioxidant defense mechanisms include both enzymatic and non-enzymatic pathways. The main antioxidants in Diabetes Mellitus are vitamins A, C and E; glutathione and enzymatically superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase. In this review, the role of oxidative stress in Diabetes Mellitus and the effect of antioxidant vitamins on coping with stress were examined in the light of current studies.

Keywords

Antioxidant;, Diabetes, Oxidative stress

References

Afzali H, JafariKashi AH, Momen-Heravi M, Razzaghi R, Amirani E, Bahmani F, Gilasi HR, Asemi Z. Theeffects of magnesiumand vitamin E co-supplementation on woundhealingandmetabolicstatus in patientswithdiabeticfootulcer: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlledtrial. Woundrepairandregeneration : officialpublication of theWoundHealingSociety [and] theEuropeanTissueRepairSociety. 2019;27(3), 277–284.
Angelova PR, Abramov AY. Role of mitochondrial ROS in thebrain: fromphysiologytoneurodegeneration. FebsLetters. 2018;592(5):692–702. doi: 10.1002/1873-3468.12964.
Asemi Z, Alizadeh SA, Ahmad K, Goli M, Esmailzadeh A. Effects of beta-carotenefortifiedsymbioticfood on metaboliccontrol of patientswithtype 2 diabetesmellitus: A double-blindrandomizedcross-overcontrolledclinicaltrial. Clin. Nutr. 2016;35, 819–825
Balbi ME, Tonin FS, Mendes AM, Borba HH, Wiens A, Fernandez-Llimos F, Pontarolo R. Antioxidanteffects of vitamins in type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomizedcontrolledtrials. DiabetolMetabSyndr. 2018 Mar 14;10:18. doi: 10.1186/s13098-018-0318-5. PMID: 29568330; PMCID: PMC5853104.
Borel P, Desmarchelier, C. Geneticvariationsassociatedwith vitamin A statusand vitamin A bioavailability. Nutrients. 2017;9, 246.
Ceriello A, Testa R, Genovese S. Clinicalimplications of oxidativestressandpotential role of naturalantioxidants in diabeticvascularcomplications. NutrMetabCardiovascDis. 2016;26(4):285–292.doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2016.01.006.
Cheng HS, Ton SH, Tan JBL, Abdul Kadir K. Theameliorativeeffects of a tocotrienol-richfraction on the AGE-RAGE Axisandhypertension in high-fat-diet-fed ratswithmetabolicsyndrome. Nutrients. 2017;9:984. doi: 10.3390/nu9090984
Das UN. Vitamin C fortype 2 diabetesmellitusandhypertension. ArchMedRes. 2019 Feb;50(2):11-14. doi: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2019.05.004. Epub 2019 May 23. PMID: 31349946
Dos Santos JM, Tewari S, Mendes RH. The Role of OxidativeStress in the Development of DiabetesMellitusandItsComplications. J DiabetesRes. 2019 May 5;2019:4189813. doi: 10.1155/2019/4189813. PMID: 31192263; PMCID: PMC6525877.
El-Aal AA, El-Ghffar E, Ghali AA, Zughbur MR, Sirdah MM. Theeffect of vitamin C and/or E supplementations on type 2 diabeticadultmalesunder metformin treatment: A single-blindedrandomizedcontrolledclinicaltrial. Diabetes&MetabolicSyndrome. 2018;12(4), 483–489. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2018.03.013
Guzik TJ, Cosentino F. Epigeneticsandimmunometabolism in diabetesandaging. AntioxidRedoxSignal 2018; 29: 257-274.
Halliwell B., Gutteridge J. M. FreeRadicals in BiologyandMedicine. Oxford UniversityPress, USA; 2015.
Higuchi K, Saito, I, Maruyama K, Eguchi E, Mori, H, Tanno S, Sakurai S, Kishida T, Nishida W, Osawa,H. Associations of serum β-caroteneand retinol concentrationswith insulin resistance: TheToonHealthStudy. Nutrition 2015;31, 975–980.
Huang X, Guo Y, Li P, Ma X, Dong S, Hu H, Li Y, Yuan L. Association of circulating retinol and α-tohlevelswithcognitivefunction in agingsubjectwithtype 2 diabetesmellitus. J NutrHealthAging. 2020;24(3):290-299. doi: 10.1007/s12603-020-1328-1. PMID: 32115610.
Hurrle S, Hsu WH. Theetiology of oxidativestress in insulin resistance. BiomedicalJournal. 2017;40(5):257–262. doi: 10.1016/j.bj.2017.06.007.
Lee WJ, Kim JW, Lee JS, Ahn AL, Oh EJ, Choi JK, Cho DY. Caroteneintakeanddiabetesmellitus. KoreanJournal of Family Practice.2017, 7(2), 161-165.
Luc K, Schramm-Luc A, Guzik TJ, Mikolajczyk TP. Oxidativestressandinflammatorymarkers in prediabetesanddiabetes. J PhysiolPharmacol. 2019 Dec;70(6). doi: 10.26402/jpp.2019.6.01. Epub 2020 Feb 19. PMID: 32084643.
Marcelino G, Machate DJ, Freitas KC, Hiane PA, Maldonade IR, Pott A, Asato MA, Candido CJ, Guimarães RCA. β-Carotene: Preventive Role forType 2 DiabetesMellitusandObesity: A Review. Molecules. 2020 Dec 9;25(24):5803. doi: 10.3390/molecules25245803.
Marfianti E, Miladiyah I. Effects of 8-week vitamin E (α Tocopherol) supplementation on reduced insulin resistance in non-diabeticobesesubjects. 2021;104-108
Mason SA, Rasmussen B, vanLoon LJC, Salmon J, Wadley GD. Ascorbicacidsupplementationimprovespostprandialglycaemiccontrolandbloodpressure in individualswithtype 2 diabetes: Findings of a randomizedcross-overtrial. DiabetesObesMetab. 2019 Mar;21(3):674-682. doi: 10.1111/dom.13571. Epub 2018 Dec 2. PMID: 30394006.
Miceli V, Pampalone M, Frazziano G., et al Carnosineprotectspancreatic beta cellsandisletsagainstoxidativestressdamage. MolecularAnd Cellular Endocrinology. 2018;474:105–118. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.02.016.
Moran NE, Mohn ES, Hason N, ErdmanJr JW, Johnson EJ. Intrinsicandextrinsicfactorsimpactingabsorption, metabolism, andhealtheffects of dietarycarotenoids. Adv. Nutr. 2018;9, 465–492
P Khatami PG, Soleimani A, Sharifi N, Aghadavod E, Asemi Z. Theeffects of high-dose vitamin E supplementation on biomarkers of kidneyinjury, inflammation, andoxidativestress in patientswithdiabeticnephropathy: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlledtrial. J. Clin. Lipidol. 2016;10:922–929. doi: 10.1016/j.jacl.2016.02.021.
Pavithra D, Praeveen D, RanadheerChowdary P, VijeyAanandhi MA. Prospectivestudy on role of vitamin E supplementation in type 2 diabetesmellitus. AsianJournal of PharmaceuticalandClinicalResearch. 2016;11, 81-84.
Peh HY, Tan WS, Liao W, Wong WS. Vitamin E therapybeyondcancer: Tocopherolversustocotrienol. Pharmacol. Ther. 2016;162:152–169. doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.12.003.
Polidori, M. C., Mecocci, P., Stahl, W., Parente, B., Cecchetti, R., Cherubini, A., Cao, P., Sies, H., & Senin, U. (2000). Plasmalevels of lipophilicantioxidants in veryoldpatientswithtype 2 diabetes. Diabetes/metabolismresearchandreviews, 16(1), 15–19. https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-7560(200001/02)16:1<15::aid-dmrr71>3.0.co;2-b
Radi R, Denicola A, Morgan B, Zielonka J. Forewordtothefreeradicalbiologyandmedicinespecialissue on currentfluorescenceandchemiluminescenceapproaches in freeradicalandredoxbiology. FreeRadicalBiology&Medicine. 2018;128:1–2. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.09.027
Rösen P., Nawroth P. P., King G., Möller W., Tritschler H. J., Packer L. The role of oxidativestress in theonsetandprogression of diabetesanditscomplications: a summary of a congressseriessponsoredby UNESCO-MCBN, theAmericanDiabetesAssociationandtheGermanDiabetesSociety. Diabetes/MetabolismResearchandReviews. 2001;17(3):189–212.
Sanguanwong S, Tangvarasittichai O, Sengsuk C, Tangvarasittichai S. Oral supplementation of vitamin C reduced lipid peroxidationand insulin resistance in patientswithtype 2 diabetesmellitus. International Journal of ToxicologicalandPharmacologicalResearch. 2016;8(3), 114-19.
Sanjeevi N, Lipsky LM, Nansel TR. Hyperglycemiaandcarotenoidintakeareassociatedwith serum carotenoids in youthwithtype 1 diabetes. J. Acad. Nutr. Diet. 2019, 119, 1340–1348.
She C, Shang F, Cui M, Yang X, Liu N. Associationbetweendietaryantioxidantsand risk fordiabeticretinopathy in a Chinesepopulation. Eye. 2021;35(7), 1977-1984.
She C, Shang F, Zhou K, Liu N. Serum carotenoidsandrisks of diabetesanddiabeticretinopathy in a Chinesepopulationsample. Curr. Mol. Med. 2017;17, 287–297.
Tan SMQ, Chiew Y, Ahmad B, Kadir KA. Tocotrienol-rich vitamin E frompalmoil (tocovid) andıtseffects in diabetesanddiabeticnephropathy: A pilot phase II clinicaltrial. Nutrients. 2018 Sep 17;10(9):1315. doi: 10.3390/nu10091315. PMID: 30227659; PMCID: PMC6164742.
Van der Schaft N, Schoufour JD, Nano J, Kiefte-de Jong JC, MukaT,Sijbrands EJG, et al. Dietaryantioxidantcapacityand risk of type 2 diabetesmellitus, prediabetesand insulin resistance: the Rotterdam Study. Eur J Epidemiol. 2019 Sep;34(9):853-861. DOI: 10.1007/s10654-019-00548-9. Epub 2019 Aug 9. PMID: 31399939; PMCID: PMC6759671
Wafa M, Haghighat N, Moslehi N, Eghtesadi S, Heydari I. Effect of tocotrienolsenrichedcanolaoil on glycemiccontrolandoxidativestatus in patientswithtype 2 diabetesmellitus: A randomizeddouble-blindplacebo-controlledclinicaltrial. Journal of research in medicalsciences: theofficialjournal of Isfahan University of MedicalSciences. 2015;20(6), 540.
Wang J, Wang H. Oxidativestress in pancreatic beta cellregeneration. OxidativeMedicineand Cellular Longevity. 2017;2017:9. doi: 10.1155/2017/1930261.1930261
Wessel H, Saeed A, Heegsma, J, Connelly MA, Faber KN, Dullaart R. Plasmalevels of retinol binding protein 4 relatetolarge VLDL andsmall LDL particles in subjectswithandwithoutType 2 diabetes. Journal of ClinicalMedicine. 2019; 8(11), 1792. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8111792.
Yaribeygi H, Sathyapalan T, Atkin SL, Sahebkar A. MolecularMechanismsLinkingOxidativeStressandDiabetesMellitus. OxidMed Cell Longev. 2020 Mar 9;2020:8609213. doi: 10.1155/2020/8609213. PMID: 32215179; PMCID: PMC7085395.

There are 38 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language	Turkish
Subjects	Nutrition and Dietetics
Journal Section	Review Articles
Authors	Cemaliye Süt 0000-0001-9016-2959 Rojina Deniz Aygül 0000-0002-8045-7769 Seyit Mehmet Mercanlıgil 0000-0002-8033-5454
Publication Date	December 31, 2023
Submission Date	December 21, 2022
Acceptance Date	September 26, 2023
Published in Issue	Year 2023 Volume: 4 Issue: 3

Cite

APA	Süt, C., Aygül, R. D., & Mercanlıgil, S. M. (2023). ANTİOKSİDAN VİTAMİNLERİN DIABETES MELLİTUS’TA GELİŞEN OKSİDATİF STRES ÜZERİNDEKİ ROLÜ. Selçuk Sağlık Dergisi, 4(3), 503-519.

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