How Much I Am Aware of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)?

Derya Kaya Şenol

doi:10.21763/tjfmpc.651359

Research Article

Year 2019, Volume: 13 Issue: 4, 462 - 471, 20.12.2019

Derya Kaya Şenol

https://doi.org/10.21763/tjfmpc.651359

Cited By: 4

Abstract

References

1. Jradi H, Bawazir A. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices among Saudi women regarding cervical cancer, human papilloma virus (HPV) and corresponding vaccine. Vaccine. 2019;37:530–537.
2. deMartel C, Plummer M, Vignat J, Franceschi S. Worldwide burden of cancer attributable to HPV by site, country and HPV type. Int J Cancer. 2017;141:664–670.
3. Vaccarella S, Laversanne M, Ferlay J, Bray F. Cervical cancer in Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean and Asia: Regional inequalities and changing trends. Int J Cancer 2017;141:1997–2001.
4. Napolitano F, Gualdieri L, Santagati G, Angelillo I.F. Knowledge and attitudes toward HPV infection and vaccination among immigrants and refugees in Italy.Vaccine. 2018;36:7536–7541.
5. Türkiye Halk Sağlığı Kurumu Türkiye Kanser İstatistikleri, Editörler: Murat Gültekin Güledal Boztaş, Ocak 2014 Verileri. http://kanser.gov.tr/Dosya/ca_istatistik/2009kanseraporu.pdf. Erişim tarihi: 07.02.2019.
6. Anantharaman V V. A cross-sectional study on knowledge, attitude, and practice on cervical cancer and screening among female health care providers of Chennai Corporation. J AcadMedSci. 2013;2(4):124–128.
7. Raychaudhuri S, Mandal S. Current Status of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP ) and Screening for Cervical Cancer in Countries at Different Levels of Development. Asian Pacific J CancerPrev. 2012;13:4221–4227.
8. Kasa AS, Tesfaye TD, Temesgen WA. Knowledge, attitude and practice towards cervical cancer among women in Finote Selam city administration, West Gojjam Zone, Amhara Region, North West Ethiopia, 2017. Afri Health Sci. 2018;18(3):623-636.
9. Kim KS, Park SA, Ko KN, Yi S, Cho YJ. Current status of human papilloma virus vaccines. ClinExpVaccineRes. 2014;3:168-175.
10. Yüksel B, Şencan H, Kabil Kucur S, Gözükara İ, Seven A, Polat M, ve ark. Human PapillomaVirus (HPV) Enfeksiyonu ve HPV Aşısı Hakkında Bilgi Düzeyi ve Genel Eğilimler; Dumlupınar Üniversitesi - Evliya Çelebi Eğitim Ve Araştırma Hastanesi’ndeki Doktor, Hemşire ve Sağlık Personellerini İçeren Anket Taraması Jinokoloji - Obstetrik ve Neonatoloji Tıp Dergisi. 2015;12(2):64 – 67.
11. Edler M, Fernandez A, Anderson K, Pierce JY, Scalici J, Daniel CL. HPV vaccination, knowledge, andattitudes among young cervical cancer survivors in the Deep South. Vaccine. 2019;37:550–557.
12. Harper DM, DeMars LR. HPV vaccines–A review of the first decade Gynecologic Oncology. 2017;146:196–204.
13. WHO | Comprehensive cervical cancer prevention and control - a healthier future for girls and women. WHO n.d. http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/cancers/9789241505147/en/ (accessedNovember 7, 2017).
14. Göl I, Erkin Ö. Knowledge and practices of nurses on cervical cancer, HPV and HPV vaccine in Cankiri state hospital, Turkey.J Pak Med Assoc. 2016;66(12):1621-1626.
15. Saglik TC. Bakanlığı Türkiye Halk Sağlığı Kurumu Kanserle Savaş Dairesi Başkanlığı. Serviks Kanseri Taramasi Ulusal Standartları (National Standards of Cervical Cancer Screening) (InTurkish). [Online] [Cited 2015 Nov 2]. Available from: URL:
16. https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/tr/kanser-tarama-standartlari/listesi/483-serviks-kanseri-tarama-program%C4%B1-ulusal-standartlar%C4%B1.html. Erişim tarihi: 26.03.2019
17. Huh WK, Joura EA, Giuliano AR, Iversen OE, de Andrade RP, Ault KA, et al. Final efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety analyses of a nine-valent human papilloma virus vaccine in women aged 16–26 years: a randomised, double-blindtrial. Lancet 2017; 390: 2143–2159.
18. Ozan H, Çetinkaya D, Atik Y, Gümüş E, Özerkan K. Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Polikliniğine Başvuran Hastaların Human Papilloma Virüs ve Hpv Aşısı Hakkındaki Bilgi Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 2011;37(3):145-148.
19. Aweke YH, Ayanto SY, Ersado TL. Knowledge, attitude and practice for cervical cancer prevention and control among women of child bearing age in HossanaTown, Hadiyazone, SouthernEthiopia: Community-basedcross- sectional study. PLoS ONE. 2017;12(7): e0181415. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0181415
20. Baloch Z, Yasmeen N, Li Y, Zhang W, Lu H, Wu X, et al. Knowledge and Awareness of Cervical Cancer, Human Papilloma virus (HPV), and HPV Vaccine Among HPV-Infected Chinese Women. MedSciMonit2017;23:4269–4277.
21. Feng S, Xu X, Jin Y, Yao X. Women’sknowledge of humanpapillomavirus (HPV) and their attitudes toward HPV vaccine: preparingfor HPV vaccination in China. AsiaPac J Public Health 2012;24(3):522–531. https://doi.org/10.1177/1010539511415838.
22. Tatar O, Thompson E, Naz A, Perez S, Shapiroa GK, Wade K, et al. Factors associated with human papilloma virus (HPV) test acceptability in primary screening for cervical cancer: A mixed methods research synthesis. PreventiveMedicine. 2018;116:40–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.08.034
23. Açıkgöz A, Çehreli R, Ellidokuz H. Kadınların Kanser Konusunda Bilgi ve Tutumları ile Erken Tanı Yöntemlerine Yönelik Davranışları. DEÜ Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi. 2011; 25(3):145-154. DOI: 10.5505/deutip.2011.87597
24. Napolitano F, Gualdieri L, Santagati G, Angelillo IF. Knowledge andattitudestoward HPV infectionandvaccinationamongimmigrantsandrefugees in Italy. Vaccine. 2018;36: 7536–7754.1https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.10.050
25. Waller J, Jackowska M, Marlow L, Wardle J. Exploring age differences in reasons for nonattendance for cervical screening: a qualitative study. BJOG. 2012;119(1): 6–32. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2011.03030.x.
26. Holman DM, Benard V, Roland KB, Watson M, Liddon N, Stokley S. Barriers to human papilloma virus vaccination among US adolescents. JAMA Pediatrics. 2014;168(1):76. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.2752.
27. Ashing KT, Carrington A, Ragin C, Roach V. Examining HPV- and HPV vaccine related cognitions and acceptability among US-born and immigrant Hispanics and US-born and immigrantnon-Hispanic blacks: a preliminary catchmentarea study. Cancer Causes Control 2017;28:1341–1347.
28. Dursun P, Kuşçu E, Zeyneloğlu H B, Yanık F B, Ayhan A. 10-15 Yaş Arası Adölesan Çocuğu Olan Annelerin HPV Aşısı Hakkındaki Bilgi ve Tutumları. Türk Jinekoloji ve Obstetrik Derneği Dergisi (TJOD Derg). 2009;6(3):206-210.
29. SAGE guidance for the development of evidence-based vaccine-related recommendations. Available at http://www.who.int/immunization/sage/ Guidelines_development_recommendations.pdf, accessedFebruary 2018. n.d.
30. Baldovin T, Bertoncello C, Cocchio S (CA, Fonzo M, Gazzani D, Buja A, et al. Perception and knowledge of HPV-related and vaccine-related conditions among a large cohort of university students in Italy. Human Vaccines&Immunotherapeutics, 2019;28:1-9.doi:10.1080/21645515.2018.1564432
31. Lee Y-M, Riesche L, Lee H, Shim K. Parental HPV knowledge and perceptions of HPV vaccines among Korean American parents. Applied Nursing Research.2018;44:54–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnr.2018.09.008
32. Marlow L, Forster A, Wardle J, Waller J. Mothers' and adolescents' beliefs about risk compensation following HPV vaccination. Journal of Adolescent Health, 2009;44(5):446–451.
33. Madhivanan P, Li T, Srinivas V, Marlow L, Mukherjee S, Krupp K. Human papilloma virus vaccine acceptability among parents of adolescent girls: obstacles and challenges in Mysore, India. PrevMed, 2014;64:69–74.
34. Pınar G, Topuz Ş , An Ş , Doğan N , Kaya N , Algıer L . Başkent Üniversitesi Ankara Hastanesi kadın hastalıkları ve doğum polikliniğine başvuran kadınların HPV aşısı ve serviks kanseri ile ilgili bilgi düzeyleri. Türk Jinekolojik Onkoloji Dergisi, 2010;13(1),:11-18.
35. Ünalan P, Baş G, Atalay A, Kasapbaş T, Uzuner A. Marmara Üniversitesi Kadın Doğum Polikliniğine başvuranların papsmear konusundaki bilgileri ve test sonuçları. Zeynep Kamil Tıp Bülteni, 2005;36(4): 147 – 151.
36. Alwahaibi N, Alsalami W, Alramadhani N, Alzaabi A. Factors Influencing Knowledge and Practice Regarding Cervical Cancer and Papsmear Testing among Omani Women, AsianPac J Cancer Prev,2018; 19(12):3367-3374.
37. Napolitano F, Gualdieri L, Santagati G, Angelillo IF. Knowledge and attitudes toward HPV infection and vaccination among immigrants and refugees in Italy.Vaccine, 2018; 36(49):7536-7541. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.10.050. Epub 2018 Oct 24.
38. Chaka B, Sayed AR, Goeieman B, Rayne S.A survey of knowledge and attitudes relating to cervical and breast cancer among women in Ethiopia. BMC Public Health, 2018; 18(1):1072. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-5958-8.
39. Gatumo M, Gacheri S, Sayed AR, ScheibeA.Women's knowledge and attitudes related to cervical cancer and cervical cancer screening in Isiolo and Tharaka Nithicounties, Kenya: a cross-sectional study. BMC Cancer, 2018;18(1):745. doi: 10.1186/s12885-018-4642-9.
40. Türkiye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırması (TNSA-2013). Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü, Ankara 2014. Erişim tarihi: 15.06.2019 Erişim:http://www.hips.hacettepe.edu.tr/tnsa2013/rapor/TNSA_2013_ana_rapor.pdf
41. Teteh DK, Dawkins-Moultin L, Robinson C, LaGroon V, Hooker S, Alexander K, Kittle RA. Use of community forums to increase knowledge of HPV and cervical cancer in African American communities. Journal of Community HealthJune 2019;44(3):492–499.
42. Maness SB, Reitzel LR, Watkins KL, McNeill LH. HPV awareness, knowledge and vaccination attitudes among church-goingAfrican–American women. American Journal of Health Behavior, 2016;40(6):771–778.

How Much I Am Aware of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)?

Year 2019, Volume: 13 Issue: 4, 462 - 471, 20.12.2019

Derya Kaya Şenol

https://doi.org/10.21763/tjfmpc.651359

Cited By: 4

Abstract

Objective: Cervical cancer which is the third leading cancer among females
worldwide is one of the most common cancers with poor prognosis among females
particularly in developing countries. This study was carried out as a
descriptive study with the aim of determining the knowledge, attitudes and
opinions of women about cervical cancer and HPV vaccine. Methods: The study was conducted with 186 women who applied to
Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic of Cankiri State Hospital due to gynecological
reasons, who had not been previously diagnosed with cancer and who agreed for
participation between October and December 2018. Data collection form included
questions about the women's demographic, obstetric and gynecological histories,
knowledge and attitudes toward cervical cancer and HPV vaccine. Results: Of the women included in the
study, 41.4% were between ages 35 and 50, 52.2% were graduates of elementary
school, 96.8% had social security and 74.7% were housewives. 48.9% of the women
were detected to have knowledge about cervical cancer and the best-known
protection method against cervical cancer (36.6%) was detected to be regular
vaginal examination / pap-smear test. 16.1% of the women stated that they had
heard of Human papilloma virus (HPV), of them, 80% (n:24 knew that HPV causes
cervical cancer. Almost all women (93.0%) reported that they did not accept HPV
vaccination for their daughters. The rate of being aware of cervical cancer,
prevention methods, early diagnosis tests increased as the education level of
women increased, and being volunteer for cervical smear sampling for screening
purpose was found to be higher among women graduates of elementary school and
above 35 years (p <0.05). Conclusion:
Educations should be planned in order to increase the awareness of women
about cancer prevention and HPV vaccine by taking the age and educational
status of women into consideration.

Amaç: Dünyada
kadın kanserleri arasında üçüncü sırada yer alan serviks kanseri; özellikle
gelişmekte olan ülkelerde, kadınlarda en sık görülen ve prognozu kötü seyreden
kanserlerden biridir. Bu çalışma kadınların rahim ağzı kanseri ve HPV aşısı
hakkında bilgi, tutum ve görüşlerini belirlemek amacıyla tanımlayıcı olarak
yapıldı. Yöntem: Araştırma Ekim -Aralık 2018 tarihleri arasında Çankırı
Devlet Hastanesi Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum polikliniğine jinekolojik
nedenlerle başvuran, daha önce kanser tanısı almayan ve araştırmayı kabul eden
186 kadınla yürütüldü. Veri toplama formu; kadınların demografik, obstetrik,
jinekolojik öyküleri ile rahim ağzı kanseri ve HPV aşısına yönelik bilgi ve
tutumlarını belirlemeye yönelik sorulardan oluşmaktadır. Bulgular:
Araştırma kapsamına alınan kadınların %41,4’ünün 35-50 yaş aralığında olduğu,
%52,2’sinin ilköğretim mezunu, %96,8’inin sosyal güvencesinin olduğu ve
%74,7’sinin ev hanımı olduğu belirlendi. Kadınların %48,9’unun rahim ağzı
kanseri hakkında bilgi sahibi olduğu ve rahim ağzı kanserinden korunmada en
yüksek oranda (%36,6) bilinen yöntemin düzenli vaginal muayene/pap-smear testi
olduğu saptandı. Kadınların %16,1’i Human papilloma virüsünü (HPV) duyduklarını
ifade ettiler. Human papilloma virüsünü (HPV) duyduklarını ifade eden kadınları
%80’i (24 kadın) HPV’nin rahim ağzı kanserine neden olduğunu bilmekteydi.
Kadınları tamamına yakını (%93,0) kızlarına HPV aşısı yaptırmayı kabul
etmediğini belirtti. Kadınların eğitim seviyesi arttıkça rahim ağzı kanseri, korunma yolları, erken
tanı sağlayan testleri bilme oranlarının arttığı, tarama için örnek aldırma
davranışlarının ilköğretim mezunu ve 35 yaş üstü kadınlarda daha yüksek
olduğu(p<0.05) saptandı. Sonuç: Kadınların kanserden korunma ve HPV
aşısı konusunda farkındalığının artması ile davranış değişikliği oluşması için
kadınların yaş ve eğitim durumları göz önünde bulundurularak eğitimler
planlanmalıdır.

Keywords

Human papilloma virus(HPV), HPV vaccine, cervical cancer, awareness

References

1. Jradi H, Bawazir A. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices among Saudi women regarding cervical cancer, human papilloma virus (HPV) and corresponding vaccine. Vaccine. 2019;37:530–537.
2. deMartel C, Plummer M, Vignat J, Franceschi S. Worldwide burden of cancer attributable to HPV by site, country and HPV type. Int J Cancer. 2017;141:664–670.
3. Vaccarella S, Laversanne M, Ferlay J, Bray F. Cervical cancer in Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean and Asia: Regional inequalities and changing trends. Int J Cancer 2017;141:1997–2001.
4. Napolitano F, Gualdieri L, Santagati G, Angelillo I.F. Knowledge and attitudes toward HPV infection and vaccination among immigrants and refugees in Italy.Vaccine. 2018;36:7536–7541.
5. Türkiye Halk Sağlığı Kurumu Türkiye Kanser İstatistikleri, Editörler: Murat Gültekin Güledal Boztaş, Ocak 2014 Verileri. http://kanser.gov.tr/Dosya/ca_istatistik/2009kanseraporu.pdf. Erişim tarihi: 07.02.2019.
6. Anantharaman V V. A cross-sectional study on knowledge, attitude, and practice on cervical cancer and screening among female health care providers of Chennai Corporation. J AcadMedSci. 2013;2(4):124–128.
7. Raychaudhuri S, Mandal S. Current Status of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP ) and Screening for Cervical Cancer in Countries at Different Levels of Development. Asian Pacific J CancerPrev. 2012;13:4221–4227.
8. Kasa AS, Tesfaye TD, Temesgen WA. Knowledge, attitude and practice towards cervical cancer among women in Finote Selam city administration, West Gojjam Zone, Amhara Region, North West Ethiopia, 2017. Afri Health Sci. 2018;18(3):623-636.
9. Kim KS, Park SA, Ko KN, Yi S, Cho YJ. Current status of human papilloma virus vaccines. ClinExpVaccineRes. 2014;3:168-175.
10. Yüksel B, Şencan H, Kabil Kucur S, Gözükara İ, Seven A, Polat M, ve ark. Human PapillomaVirus (HPV) Enfeksiyonu ve HPV Aşısı Hakkında Bilgi Düzeyi ve Genel Eğilimler; Dumlupınar Üniversitesi - Evliya Çelebi Eğitim Ve Araştırma Hastanesi’ndeki Doktor, Hemşire ve Sağlık Personellerini İçeren Anket Taraması Jinokoloji - Obstetrik ve Neonatoloji Tıp Dergisi. 2015;12(2):64 – 67.
11. Edler M, Fernandez A, Anderson K, Pierce JY, Scalici J, Daniel CL. HPV vaccination, knowledge, andattitudes among young cervical cancer survivors in the Deep South. Vaccine. 2019;37:550–557.
12. Harper DM, DeMars LR. HPV vaccines–A review of the first decade Gynecologic Oncology. 2017;146:196–204.
13. WHO | Comprehensive cervical cancer prevention and control - a healthier future for girls and women. WHO n.d. http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/cancers/9789241505147/en/ (accessedNovember 7, 2017).
14. Göl I, Erkin Ö. Knowledge and practices of nurses on cervical cancer, HPV and HPV vaccine in Cankiri state hospital, Turkey.J Pak Med Assoc. 2016;66(12):1621-1626.
15. Saglik TC. Bakanlığı Türkiye Halk Sağlığı Kurumu Kanserle Savaş Dairesi Başkanlığı. Serviks Kanseri Taramasi Ulusal Standartları (National Standards of Cervical Cancer Screening) (InTurkish). [Online] [Cited 2015 Nov 2]. Available from: URL:
16. https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/tr/kanser-tarama-standartlari/listesi/483-serviks-kanseri-tarama-program%C4%B1-ulusal-standartlar%C4%B1.html. Erişim tarihi: 26.03.2019
17. Huh WK, Joura EA, Giuliano AR, Iversen OE, de Andrade RP, Ault KA, et al. Final efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety analyses of a nine-valent human papilloma virus vaccine in women aged 16–26 years: a randomised, double-blindtrial. Lancet 2017; 390: 2143–2159.
18. Ozan H, Çetinkaya D, Atik Y, Gümüş E, Özerkan K. Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Polikliniğine Başvuran Hastaların Human Papilloma Virüs ve Hpv Aşısı Hakkındaki Bilgi Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 2011;37(3):145-148.
19. Aweke YH, Ayanto SY, Ersado TL. Knowledge, attitude and practice for cervical cancer prevention and control among women of child bearing age in HossanaTown, Hadiyazone, SouthernEthiopia: Community-basedcross- sectional study. PLoS ONE. 2017;12(7): e0181415. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0181415
20. Baloch Z, Yasmeen N, Li Y, Zhang W, Lu H, Wu X, et al. Knowledge and Awareness of Cervical Cancer, Human Papilloma virus (HPV), and HPV Vaccine Among HPV-Infected Chinese Women. MedSciMonit2017;23:4269–4277.
21. Feng S, Xu X, Jin Y, Yao X. Women’sknowledge of humanpapillomavirus (HPV) and their attitudes toward HPV vaccine: preparingfor HPV vaccination in China. AsiaPac J Public Health 2012;24(3):522–531. https://doi.org/10.1177/1010539511415838.
22. Tatar O, Thompson E, Naz A, Perez S, Shapiroa GK, Wade K, et al. Factors associated with human papilloma virus (HPV) test acceptability in primary screening for cervical cancer: A mixed methods research synthesis. PreventiveMedicine. 2018;116:40–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.08.034
23. Açıkgöz A, Çehreli R, Ellidokuz H. Kadınların Kanser Konusunda Bilgi ve Tutumları ile Erken Tanı Yöntemlerine Yönelik Davranışları. DEÜ Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi. 2011; 25(3):145-154. DOI: 10.5505/deutip.2011.87597
24. Napolitano F, Gualdieri L, Santagati G, Angelillo IF. Knowledge andattitudestoward HPV infectionandvaccinationamongimmigrantsandrefugees in Italy. Vaccine. 2018;36: 7536–7754.1https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.10.050
25. Waller J, Jackowska M, Marlow L, Wardle J. Exploring age differences in reasons for nonattendance for cervical screening: a qualitative study. BJOG. 2012;119(1): 6–32. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2011.03030.x.
26. Holman DM, Benard V, Roland KB, Watson M, Liddon N, Stokley S. Barriers to human papilloma virus vaccination among US adolescents. JAMA Pediatrics. 2014;168(1):76. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.2752.
27. Ashing KT, Carrington A, Ragin C, Roach V. Examining HPV- and HPV vaccine related cognitions and acceptability among US-born and immigrant Hispanics and US-born and immigrantnon-Hispanic blacks: a preliminary catchmentarea study. Cancer Causes Control 2017;28:1341–1347.
28. Dursun P, Kuşçu E, Zeyneloğlu H B, Yanık F B, Ayhan A. 10-15 Yaş Arası Adölesan Çocuğu Olan Annelerin HPV Aşısı Hakkındaki Bilgi ve Tutumları. Türk Jinekoloji ve Obstetrik Derneği Dergisi (TJOD Derg). 2009;6(3):206-210.
29. SAGE guidance for the development of evidence-based vaccine-related recommendations. Available at http://www.who.int/immunization/sage/ Guidelines_development_recommendations.pdf, accessedFebruary 2018. n.d.
30. Baldovin T, Bertoncello C, Cocchio S (CA, Fonzo M, Gazzani D, Buja A, et al. Perception and knowledge of HPV-related and vaccine-related conditions among a large cohort of university students in Italy. Human Vaccines&Immunotherapeutics, 2019;28:1-9.doi:10.1080/21645515.2018.1564432
31. Lee Y-M, Riesche L, Lee H, Shim K. Parental HPV knowledge and perceptions of HPV vaccines among Korean American parents. Applied Nursing Research.2018;44:54–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnr.2018.09.008
32. Marlow L, Forster A, Wardle J, Waller J. Mothers' and adolescents' beliefs about risk compensation following HPV vaccination. Journal of Adolescent Health, 2009;44(5):446–451.
33. Madhivanan P, Li T, Srinivas V, Marlow L, Mukherjee S, Krupp K. Human papilloma virus vaccine acceptability among parents of adolescent girls: obstacles and challenges in Mysore, India. PrevMed, 2014;64:69–74.
34. Pınar G, Topuz Ş , An Ş , Doğan N , Kaya N , Algıer L . Başkent Üniversitesi Ankara Hastanesi kadın hastalıkları ve doğum polikliniğine başvuran kadınların HPV aşısı ve serviks kanseri ile ilgili bilgi düzeyleri. Türk Jinekolojik Onkoloji Dergisi, 2010;13(1),:11-18.
35. Ünalan P, Baş G, Atalay A, Kasapbaş T, Uzuner A. Marmara Üniversitesi Kadın Doğum Polikliniğine başvuranların papsmear konusundaki bilgileri ve test sonuçları. Zeynep Kamil Tıp Bülteni, 2005;36(4): 147 – 151.
36. Alwahaibi N, Alsalami W, Alramadhani N, Alzaabi A. Factors Influencing Knowledge and Practice Regarding Cervical Cancer and Papsmear Testing among Omani Women, AsianPac J Cancer Prev,2018; 19(12):3367-3374.
37. Napolitano F, Gualdieri L, Santagati G, Angelillo IF. Knowledge and attitudes toward HPV infection and vaccination among immigrants and refugees in Italy.Vaccine, 2018; 36(49):7536-7541. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.10.050. Epub 2018 Oct 24.
38. Chaka B, Sayed AR, Goeieman B, Rayne S.A survey of knowledge and attitudes relating to cervical and breast cancer among women in Ethiopia. BMC Public Health, 2018; 18(1):1072. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-5958-8.
39. Gatumo M, Gacheri S, Sayed AR, ScheibeA.Women's knowledge and attitudes related to cervical cancer and cervical cancer screening in Isiolo and Tharaka Nithicounties, Kenya: a cross-sectional study. BMC Cancer, 2018;18(1):745. doi: 10.1186/s12885-018-4642-9.
40. Türkiye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırması (TNSA-2013). Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü, Ankara 2014. Erişim tarihi: 15.06.2019 Erişim:http://www.hips.hacettepe.edu.tr/tnsa2013/rapor/TNSA_2013_ana_rapor.pdf
41. Teteh DK, Dawkins-Moultin L, Robinson C, LaGroon V, Hooker S, Alexander K, Kittle RA. Use of community forums to increase knowledge of HPV and cervical cancer in African American communities. Journal of Community HealthJune 2019;44(3):492–499.
42. Maness SB, Reitzel LR, Watkins KL, McNeill LH. HPV awareness, knowledge and vaccination attitudes among church-goingAfrican–American women. American Journal of Health Behavior, 2016;40(6):771–778.

There are 42 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language	Turkish
Subjects	Internal Diseases
Journal Section	Orijinal Articles
Authors	Derya Kaya Şenol
Publication Date	December 20, 2019
Submission Date	March 7, 2019
Published in Issue	Year 2019 Volume: 13 Issue: 4