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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BURNOUT LEVEL AND HOPELESSNESS, PERCEIVED SOCIAL SUPPORT AND MENTAL WELL-BEING IN PHYSIOTHERAPY AND REHABILITATION SENIOR UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS

Year 2023, Volume: 34 Issue: 2, 241 - 248, 31.08.2023

Tansu Birinci Pınar Baştürk

https://doi.org/10.21653/tjpr.1290353

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between burnout level and hopelessness, perceived social support, and mental well-being among physiotherapy and rehabilitation senior undergraduate students.
Methods: Three hundred sixty-nine physiotherapy and rehabilitation senior undergraduate students (195 female, mean age: 22.81±3.72 years) were included in the present study. Data were collected using the online survey with a combination of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (MBI-SS), Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (WEMWBS).
Results: There are no gender differences in burnout level and hopelessness level, perceived social support, mental well-being, and sociodemographic characteristics (p>0.05). There were significant relationships between the emotional exhaustion and cynicism subscales of MBI-SS and BHS, MSPSS, and WEMWBS (p<0.05) while the efficacy subscale of MBI-SS correlated with WEMWBS (rho=0.526, p=0.017). In addition, BHS, MSPSS, and WEMWBS were significant predictors in the emotional exhaustion model describing 19% of the adjusted R2, and in the cynicism model describing 9% of the adjusted R2.
Conclusion: This study found that burnout level has a relationship between hopelessness, perceived social support, and mental well-being in physiotherapy and rehabilitation senior undergraduate students. Hopelessness, perceived social support, and mental well-being were significant predictors of the emotional exhaustion and cynicism aspects of burnout. Initiatives aimed at increasing hope level and social support for physiotherapy and rehabilitation senior undergraduate students might reduce burnout levels and improve mental well-being.

Keywords

Burnout Hopelessness Physiotherapy Student Mental Well-Being

References

  • 1- Maslach C, Leiter MP. Understanding the burnout experience: recent research and its implications for psychiatry. World Psychiatry. 2016;15(2):103-111.
  • 2- Li Y, Cao L, Mo C, Tan D, Mai T, Zhang Z. Prevalence of burnout in medical students in China: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Medicine (Baltimore). 2021;100(26):e26329.
  • 3- Schaufeli WB, Martinez IM, Pinto AM, Salanova M, Bakker AB. Burnout and engagement in university students: a cross-national study. J. Cross-Cult. 2002;33(5),464-481.
  • 4- Akbaşlı S, Arastaman G, Gün F, Turabik T. School engagement as a predictor of burnout in university students. 2019;45(45):293-309.
  • 5- Büke M, Yağcı N. Fizik tedavi ve rehabilitasyon yüksekokulu öğrencilerinin tükenmişlik düzeylerinin incelenmesi: tek merkezli çalışma. Turk J Physiother Rehabil. 2022;33(1):56-62.
  • 6- Thuruthel JO, Tungol JR. Causes and impacts of burnout on students' well-being: a review. Indian J Public Health. 2021;12(4):432-438.
  • 7- Madigan DJ, Curran T. Does burnout affect academic achievement? A meta-analysis of over 100,000 students. Educ Psychol Rev. 2021;33:387-405.
  • 8- Razak Özdinçler A, Karagözoğlu Coşkunsu D, Kaya Aytutuldu G, Kaya Mutlu E. Levels of hope and hopelessness in students educated in health sciences. Arc Health Sci Res. 2020;7(1):15-21.
  • 9- Beck AT, Weissman A, Lester D, Trexler L. The measurement of pessimism: the hopelessness scale. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1974;42(6):861-865.
  • 10- Huen JM, Ip BY, Ho SM, Yip PS. Hope and hopelessness: the role of hope in buffering the impact of hopelessness on suicidal ıdeation. PLoS One. 2015;10(6):e0130073.
  • 11- Lester D. Hopelessness in undergraduate students around the world: a review. J Affect Disord. 2013;150(3):1204-1208.
  • 12- Zuo B, Yang K, Yao Y, Han S, Nie S, Wen F. The relationship of perceived social support to feelings of hopelessness under COVID-19 pandemic: the effects of epidemic risk and meaning in life. Pers Individ Dif. 2021;183:111110.
  • 13- Wang S, Li H, Chen X, Yan N, Wen D. Learning burnout and its association with perceived stress, social support, and the Big Five personality traits in Chinese medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry. 2022;22(1):785.
  • 14- Khallad Y, Jabr F. Effects of perceived social support and family demands on college students' mental well-being: a cross-cultural investigation. Int J Psychol. 2016;51(5):348-355.
  • 15- Ng Fat L, Scholes S, Boniface S, Mindell J, Stewart-Brown S. Evaluating and establishing national norms for mental wellbeing using the short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (SWEMWBS): findings from the health survey for England. Qual Life Res. 2017;26(5):1129-1144.
  • 16- Kaya Mutlu E, Razak Özdinçler A, Birinci T. Fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon bölümü öğrencilerinin mesleğe yönelik umutsuzluk düzeyleri ve ilişkili parametreler. HSP. 2017;4(3):228-235.
  • 17- Karagözoğlu Coşkunsu D, Toprak M, Duman Ç, İnal HS. Türkiye’de fizyoterapistlerin iş bulma sürelerinin ve istihdam durumlarının değerlendirilmesi. Fizyoterapi Rehabilitasyon. 2018;29(2):44-52.
  • 18- Cohen, J. Statistical power analysis. Curr Dir Psychol Sci. 1992;1(3):98-101.
  • 19- Hoerger M. Participant dropout as a function of survey length in internet-mediated university studies: implications for study design and voluntary participation in psychological research. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw. 2010;13(6):697-700.
  • 20- Maslach C, Jackson SE. The measurement of experienced burnout. J Organ Behav. 1981;2(2):99-113.
  • 21- Çapri B, Gündüz B, Gökçakan Z. Maslach Tükenmişlik Envanteri-Öğrenci Formu'nun (MTE-ÖF) Türkçe'ye uyarlaması: geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. C.U Faculty of Education Journal. 2011;40(1):134-147.
  • 22- Durak A, Palabıyıkoğlu R. Beck umutsuzluk ölçeği geçerlilik çalışması*. Kriz Derg. 1994;2(2):311-319.
  • 23- Beck AT, Steer RA, Pompili M. BHS, Beck hopelessness scale: manual. San Antonio, TX: Psychological corporation, 1988.
  • 24- Zimet GD, Powell SS, Farley GK, Werkman S, Berkoff KA. Psychometric characteristics of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. J Pers Assess. 1990;55(3-4):610-617.
  • 25- Başol G. Validity and reliability of the multidimensional scale of perceived social support-revised, with a Turkish sample. Soc Behav Pers. 2008;36(10):1303-1313.
  • 26- Tennant R, Hiller L, Fishwick R, Platt S, Joseph S, Weich S, Parkinson J, Secker J, Stewart-Brown S. The Warwick-Edinburgh mental well-being scale (WEMWBS): development and UK validation. Health Qual. Life Outcomes. 2007;5(1):1-13.
  • 27- Keldal G. Warwick-Edinburgh mental iyi oluş ölçeği’nin Türkçe formu: geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. J Happiness Well-Being.2015;3(1):103-115.
  • 28- Schober P, Boer C, Schwarte LA. Correlation coefficients: appropriate use and ınterpretation. Anesth Analg. 2018;126(5):1763-1768.
  • 29- Willcock SM, Daly MG, Tennant CC, Allard BJ. Burnout and psychiatric morbidity in new medical graduates. Med J Aust. 2004;181(7):357-60.
  • 30- Ayachit M, Chitta S. Management. A systematic review of Burnout studies from the Hospitality literature. J Hosp Mark Manag. 2022;31(2):125-144.
  • 31- Ishak W, Nikravesh R, Lederer S, Perry R, Ogunyemi D, Bernstein C. Burnout in medical students: a systematic review. Clin Teach. 2013;10(4):242-2455.
  • 32- Walburg V. Burnout among high school students: a literature review. Child Youth Serv Rev. 2014;42:28-33.
  • 33- Kim B, Jee S, Lee J, An S, Lee SM. Relationships between social support and student burnout: a meta-analytic approach. Stress Health. 2018;34(1):127-134.
  • 34- Gençöz F, Vatan S, Walker RL, Lester D. Hopelessness and suicidality in Turkish and American respondents. Omega (Westport). 2007;55(4):311-319.
  • 35- Girgin G. Evaluation of the factors affecting loneliness and hopelessness among university students in Turkey. Soc Behav Pers. 2009;37(6):811-817.
  • 36- Yüksek Öğretim Kurumu. YÖK Lisans Atlası [Erişim tarihi: 30 Mayıs 2023]. Erişim: https://yokatlas.yok.gov.tr/lisans-anasayfa.php
  • 37- Özdinç S, Biçici Y, Çamur M, Turan FN. Fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon eğitimi alan lisans öğrencilerinin mesleki kaygı düzeylerinin belirlenmesi. Yükseköğretim Bilim Derg. 2018; 8(3):471-479.
  • 38- Emadpoor L, Lavasani MG, Shahcheraghi SM. Relationship between perceived social support and psychological well-being among students based on mediating role of academic motivation. Int J Ment Health Addiction. 2016;14:284–290.
  • 39- Cobo-Rendón R, López-Angulo Y, Pérez-Villalobos MV, Díaz-Mujica A. Perceived social support and its effects on changes in the affective and eudaimonic well-being of Chilean university students. Front Psychol. 2020;11:590513.
  • 40- Lew B, Huen J, Yu P, et al. Associations between depression, anxiety, stress, hopelessness, subjective well-being, coping styles and suicide in Chinese university students.PLoS One. 2019;14(7):e0217372.

FİZYOTERAPİ VE REHABİLİTASYON BÖLÜMÜ SON SINIF ÖĞRENCİLERİNDE TÜKENMİŞLİK DÜZEYİ İLE UMUTSUZLUK, MENTAL İYİLİK HALİ VE ALGILANAN SOSYAL DESTEK İLİŞKİSİ

Year 2023, Volume: 34 Issue: 2, 241 - 248, 31.08.2023

Tansu Birinci Pınar Baştürk

https://doi.org/10.21653/tjpr.1290353

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma, fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon lisans son sınıf öğrencilerinde tükenmişlik düzeyi ile umutsuzluk, algılanan sosyal destek ve mental iyi oluş arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemeyi amaçlamıştır.
Yöntem: Bu çalışmaya 369 fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon lisans son sınıf öğrencisi (195 kadın, ortalama yaş: 22,81±3,72 yıl) dahil edildi. Veriler, Maslach Tükenmişlik Envanteri-Öğrenci Anketi (MTE-ÖA), Beck Umutsuzluk Ölçeği (BUÖ), Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği (ÇBASDÖ) ve Warwick-Edinburgh Mental İyi Oluş Ölçeği (WEMİOÖ)’nden oluşan çevrimiçi anket kullanılarak toplanmıştır.
Sonuçlar: Tükenmişlik düzeyi, umutsuzluk düzeyi, algılanan sosyal destek, mental iyi oluş ve sosyodemografik özellikler açısından cinsiyetler arası fark bulunmadı (p>0,05). MTE-ÖA'nın duygusal tükenme ve duyarsızlaşma alt ölçekleri ile BUÖ, ÇBASDÖ ve WEMİOÖ ile ilişkili bulunurken (p<0,05), MTE-ÖA’nin yetkinlik alt ölçeği yalnızca WEMİOÖ ile ilişkiliydi (rho=0,526, p=0,017). Ek olarak, BUÖ, ÇBASDÖ ve WEMİOÖ duygusal tükenmenin %19’unu açıklayan ve duyarsızlaşma modelinin %9’unu açıklayan istatistiksel olarak anlamlı belirleyicileri olarak bulundu.
Tartışma: Bu çalışma, fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon lisans son sınıf öğrencilerinde tükenmişlik düzeyinin umutsuzluk, algılanan sosyal destek ve mental iyi oluş arasında bir ilişki olduğunu bulmuştur. Umutsuzluk, algılanan sosyal destek ve mental iyi oluş, tükenmişliğin duygusal tükenme ve duyarsızlaşma yönlerinin önemli belirleyicileriydi. Fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon son sınıf öğrencilerinde umut düzeyini ve sosyal desteği artırmayı amaçlayan girişimler, tükenmişlik düzeylerini azaltabilir ve mental iyilik halini iyileştirebilir.

Keywords

Tükenmişlik Umutsuzluk Fizyoterapi Öğrenci Mental İyi Oluş

References

  • 1- Maslach C, Leiter MP. Understanding the burnout experience: recent research and its implications for psychiatry. World Psychiatry. 2016;15(2):103-111.
  • 2- Li Y, Cao L, Mo C, Tan D, Mai T, Zhang Z. Prevalence of burnout in medical students in China: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Medicine (Baltimore). 2021;100(26):e26329.
  • 3- Schaufeli WB, Martinez IM, Pinto AM, Salanova M, Bakker AB. Burnout and engagement in university students: a cross-national study. J. Cross-Cult. 2002;33(5),464-481.
  • 4- Akbaşlı S, Arastaman G, Gün F, Turabik T. School engagement as a predictor of burnout in university students. 2019;45(45):293-309.
  • 5- Büke M, Yağcı N. Fizik tedavi ve rehabilitasyon yüksekokulu öğrencilerinin tükenmişlik düzeylerinin incelenmesi: tek merkezli çalışma. Turk J Physiother Rehabil. 2022;33(1):56-62.
  • 6- Thuruthel JO, Tungol JR. Causes and impacts of burnout on students' well-being: a review. Indian J Public Health. 2021;12(4):432-438.
  • 7- Madigan DJ, Curran T. Does burnout affect academic achievement? A meta-analysis of over 100,000 students. Educ Psychol Rev. 2021;33:387-405.
  • 8- Razak Özdinçler A, Karagözoğlu Coşkunsu D, Kaya Aytutuldu G, Kaya Mutlu E. Levels of hope and hopelessness in students educated in health sciences. Arc Health Sci Res. 2020;7(1):15-21.
  • 9- Beck AT, Weissman A, Lester D, Trexler L. The measurement of pessimism: the hopelessness scale. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1974;42(6):861-865.
  • 10- Huen JM, Ip BY, Ho SM, Yip PS. Hope and hopelessness: the role of hope in buffering the impact of hopelessness on suicidal ıdeation. PLoS One. 2015;10(6):e0130073.
  • 11- Lester D. Hopelessness in undergraduate students around the world: a review. J Affect Disord. 2013;150(3):1204-1208.
  • 12- Zuo B, Yang K, Yao Y, Han S, Nie S, Wen F. The relationship of perceived social support to feelings of hopelessness under COVID-19 pandemic: the effects of epidemic risk and meaning in life. Pers Individ Dif. 2021;183:111110.
  • 13- Wang S, Li H, Chen X, Yan N, Wen D. Learning burnout and its association with perceived stress, social support, and the Big Five personality traits in Chinese medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry. 2022;22(1):785.
  • 14- Khallad Y, Jabr F. Effects of perceived social support and family demands on college students' mental well-being: a cross-cultural investigation. Int J Psychol. 2016;51(5):348-355.
  • 15- Ng Fat L, Scholes S, Boniface S, Mindell J, Stewart-Brown S. Evaluating and establishing national norms for mental wellbeing using the short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (SWEMWBS): findings from the health survey for England. Qual Life Res. 2017;26(5):1129-1144.
  • 16- Kaya Mutlu E, Razak Özdinçler A, Birinci T. Fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon bölümü öğrencilerinin mesleğe yönelik umutsuzluk düzeyleri ve ilişkili parametreler. HSP. 2017;4(3):228-235.
  • 17- Karagözoğlu Coşkunsu D, Toprak M, Duman Ç, İnal HS. Türkiye’de fizyoterapistlerin iş bulma sürelerinin ve istihdam durumlarının değerlendirilmesi. Fizyoterapi Rehabilitasyon. 2018;29(2):44-52.
  • 18- Cohen, J. Statistical power analysis. Curr Dir Psychol Sci. 1992;1(3):98-101.
  • 19- Hoerger M. Participant dropout as a function of survey length in internet-mediated university studies: implications for study design and voluntary participation in psychological research. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw. 2010;13(6):697-700.
  • 20- Maslach C, Jackson SE. The measurement of experienced burnout. J Organ Behav. 1981;2(2):99-113.
  • 21- Çapri B, Gündüz B, Gökçakan Z. Maslach Tükenmişlik Envanteri-Öğrenci Formu'nun (MTE-ÖF) Türkçe'ye uyarlaması: geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. C.U Faculty of Education Journal. 2011;40(1):134-147.
  • 22- Durak A, Palabıyıkoğlu R. Beck umutsuzluk ölçeği geçerlilik çalışması*. Kriz Derg. 1994;2(2):311-319.
  • 23- Beck AT, Steer RA, Pompili M. BHS, Beck hopelessness scale: manual. San Antonio, TX: Psychological corporation, 1988.
  • 24- Zimet GD, Powell SS, Farley GK, Werkman S, Berkoff KA. Psychometric characteristics of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. J Pers Assess. 1990;55(3-4):610-617.
  • 25- Başol G. Validity and reliability of the multidimensional scale of perceived social support-revised, with a Turkish sample. Soc Behav Pers. 2008;36(10):1303-1313.
  • 26- Tennant R, Hiller L, Fishwick R, Platt S, Joseph S, Weich S, Parkinson J, Secker J, Stewart-Brown S. The Warwick-Edinburgh mental well-being scale (WEMWBS): development and UK validation. Health Qual. Life Outcomes. 2007;5(1):1-13.
  • 27- Keldal G. Warwick-Edinburgh mental iyi oluş ölçeği’nin Türkçe formu: geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. J Happiness Well-Being.2015;3(1):103-115.
  • 28- Schober P, Boer C, Schwarte LA. Correlation coefficients: appropriate use and ınterpretation. Anesth Analg. 2018;126(5):1763-1768.
  • 29- Willcock SM, Daly MG, Tennant CC, Allard BJ. Burnout and psychiatric morbidity in new medical graduates. Med J Aust. 2004;181(7):357-60.
  • 30- Ayachit M, Chitta S. Management. A systematic review of Burnout studies from the Hospitality literature. J Hosp Mark Manag. 2022;31(2):125-144.
  • 31- Ishak W, Nikravesh R, Lederer S, Perry R, Ogunyemi D, Bernstein C. Burnout in medical students: a systematic review. Clin Teach. 2013;10(4):242-2455.
  • 32- Walburg V. Burnout among high school students: a literature review. Child Youth Serv Rev. 2014;42:28-33.
  • 33- Kim B, Jee S, Lee J, An S, Lee SM. Relationships between social support and student burnout: a meta-analytic approach. Stress Health. 2018;34(1):127-134.
  • 34- Gençöz F, Vatan S, Walker RL, Lester D. Hopelessness and suicidality in Turkish and American respondents. Omega (Westport). 2007;55(4):311-319.
  • 35- Girgin G. Evaluation of the factors affecting loneliness and hopelessness among university students in Turkey. Soc Behav Pers. 2009;37(6):811-817.
  • 36- Yüksek Öğretim Kurumu. YÖK Lisans Atlası [Erişim tarihi: 30 Mayıs 2023]. Erişim: https://yokatlas.yok.gov.tr/lisans-anasayfa.php
  • 37- Özdinç S, Biçici Y, Çamur M, Turan FN. Fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon eğitimi alan lisans öğrencilerinin mesleki kaygı düzeylerinin belirlenmesi. Yükseköğretim Bilim Derg. 2018; 8(3):471-479.
  • 38- Emadpoor L, Lavasani MG, Shahcheraghi SM. Relationship between perceived social support and psychological well-being among students based on mediating role of academic motivation. Int J Ment Health Addiction. 2016;14:284–290.
  • 39- Cobo-Rendón R, López-Angulo Y, Pérez-Villalobos MV, Díaz-Mujica A. Perceived social support and its effects on changes in the affective and eudaimonic well-being of Chilean university students. Front Psychol. 2020;11:590513.
  • 40- Lew B, Huen J, Yu P, et al. Associations between depression, anxiety, stress, hopelessness, subjective well-being, coping styles and suicide in Chinese university students.PLoS One. 2019;14(7):e0217372.
There are 40 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Rehabilitation
Journal Section Araştırma Makaleleri
Authors

Tansu Birinci 0000-0002-7993-3254

Pınar Baştürk 0000-0002-9063-794X

Publication Date August 31, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 34 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Birinci, T., & Baştürk, P. (2023). THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BURNOUT LEVEL AND HOPELESSNESS, PERCEIVED SOCIAL SUPPORT AND MENTAL WELL-BEING IN PHYSIOTHERAPY AND REHABILITATION SENIOR UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS. Türk Fizyoterapi Ve Rehabilitasyon Dergisi, 34(2), 241-248. https://doi.org/10.21653/tjpr.1290353
AMA Birinci T, Baştürk P. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BURNOUT LEVEL AND HOPELESSNESS, PERCEIVED SOCIAL SUPPORT AND MENTAL WELL-BEING IN PHYSIOTHERAPY AND REHABILITATION SENIOR UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS. Turk J Physiother Rehabil. August 2023;34(2):241-248. doi:10.21653/tjpr.1290353
Chicago Birinci, Tansu, and Pınar Baştürk. “THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BURNOUT LEVEL AND HOPELESSNESS, PERCEIVED SOCIAL SUPPORT AND MENTAL WELL-BEING IN PHYSIOTHERAPY AND REHABILITATION SENIOR UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS”. Türk Fizyoterapi Ve Rehabilitasyon Dergisi 34, no. 2 (August 2023): 241-48. https://doi.org/10.21653/tjpr.1290353.
EndNote Birinci T, Baştürk P (August 1, 2023) THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BURNOUT LEVEL AND HOPELESSNESS, PERCEIVED SOCIAL SUPPORT AND MENTAL WELL-BEING IN PHYSIOTHERAPY AND REHABILITATION SENIOR UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS. Türk Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon Dergisi 34 2 241–248.
IEEE T. Birinci and P. Baştürk, “THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BURNOUT LEVEL AND HOPELESSNESS, PERCEIVED SOCIAL SUPPORT AND MENTAL WELL-BEING IN PHYSIOTHERAPY AND REHABILITATION SENIOR UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS”, Turk J Physiother Rehabil, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 241–248, 2023, doi: 10.21653/tjpr.1290353.
ISNAD Birinci, Tansu - Baştürk, Pınar. “THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BURNOUT LEVEL AND HOPELESSNESS, PERCEIVED SOCIAL SUPPORT AND MENTAL WELL-BEING IN PHYSIOTHERAPY AND REHABILITATION SENIOR UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS”. Türk Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon Dergisi 34/2 (August 2023), 241-248. https://doi.org/10.21653/tjpr.1290353.
JAMA Birinci T, Baştürk P. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BURNOUT LEVEL AND HOPELESSNESS, PERCEIVED SOCIAL SUPPORT AND MENTAL WELL-BEING IN PHYSIOTHERAPY AND REHABILITATION SENIOR UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS. Turk J Physiother Rehabil. 2023;34:241–248.
MLA Birinci, Tansu and Pınar Baştürk. “THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BURNOUT LEVEL AND HOPELESSNESS, PERCEIVED SOCIAL SUPPORT AND MENTAL WELL-BEING IN PHYSIOTHERAPY AND REHABILITATION SENIOR UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS”. Türk Fizyoterapi Ve Rehabilitasyon Dergisi, vol. 34, no. 2, 2023, pp. 241-8, doi:10.21653/tjpr.1290353.
Vancouver Birinci T, Baştürk P. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BURNOUT LEVEL AND HOPELESSNESS, PERCEIVED SOCIAL SUPPORT AND MENTAL WELL-BEING IN PHYSIOTHERAPY AND REHABILITATION SENIOR UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS. Turk J Physiother Rehabil. 2023;34(2):241-8.