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Üniversite öğrencilerinin COVID-19 virüsü, COVID-19 aşısı ve COVID-19 virüsünden korunma konusundaki bilgi düzeyleri ve tutumları

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 8 - 16, 30.04.2023

Safiye Şahin Rujnan Tuna

https://doi.org/10.29228/anatoljhr.67964

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma, üniversite öğrencilerinin COVID-19 virüsü, COVID-19 aşısı ve COVID-19 virüsünden korunma konusundaki bilgi düzeylerini ve tutumlarını incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Ayrıca öğrencilerin bölüm, sınıf, COVID-19'a yakalanma endişesi ve günlük olarak COVID-19 vakalarını takip etme durumlarına göre bilgi ve tutumlarını karşılaştırmayı amaçlamaktadır.
Yöntem: 22 Kasım 2020-6 Ocak 2021 tarihleri arasında bir devlet üniversitesinin Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesinde öğrenim gören 322 üniversite öğrencisi ile kesitsel bir çalışma yapılmıştır. Çevrimiçi anket öğrencilerin genel bilgilerini ve COVID-19 pandemisine karşı bilgi ve tutumlarına ilişkin maddeleri içermektedir.
Bulgular: Öğrencilerin COVID-19 hakkındaki bilgi düzeyleri yüksek (100 puan üzerinden 83 ± 12), tutumları olumlu ve ortalamanın üzerinde (5'li Likert ölçeğinde 3.85 ± 0.48) idi. Aşılamaya ilişkin tutumları ise yine ortalamanın üzerinde ve olumlu olarak bulundu. Öğrencilerin bilgi ve tutumları bölüm, sınıf ve COVID-19 pandemisi ile ilgili faktörlere göre anlamlı farklılık göstermiştir.
Sonuçlar: Bu çalışmanın sonuçları, katılımcıların COVID-19 pandemisi hakkında bilgi düzeylerinin yüksek olduğunu ancak aşılama konusunda tereddütlü olduklarını ortaya koymaktadır. Üniversite öğrencilerinin farkındalıklarının arttırılarak COVID-19 virüsü, aşı ve korunmaya yönelik tutumlarının olumlu yönde geliştirilmesi önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19 bilgi davranış aşı öğrenciler

Kaynakça

  • Abdelhafiz, A. S., Mohammed, Z., Ibrahim, M. E., Ziady, H. H., Alorabi, M., Ayyad, M., & Sultan, E. A. (2020). Knowledge, perceptions, and attitude of Egyptians towards the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Journal of Community Health, 45(5), 881-90. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-020-00827-7
  • Al-Hanawi, M. K., Angawi, K., Alshareef, N., Qattan, A. M., Helmy, H. Z., Abudawood, Y. & Alsharqi, O. (2020). Knowledge, attitude and practice toward COVID-19 among the public in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study. Frontiers in Public Health, 8, 217.
  • Alzoubi, H., Alnawaiseh, N., Al-Mnayyis, A., Lubad, M. A., Aqel, A., & Al-Shagahin, H. (2020). COVID-19-knowledge, attitude and practice among medical and non-medical university students in Jordan. Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology, 14(1), 17-24.
  • Baloran, E. T. (2020). Knowledge, attitudes, anxiety, and coping strategies of students during COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 25(8), 635–642. https://doi.org/10.1080/15325024.2020.1769300
  • Bokadia, S., & Ganapathy, D. (2020). Awareness of coronavirus among dental students–A questionnaire-based study. Drug Invention Today, 13(4), 587-589.
  • Chen, N., Zhou, M., Dong, X., Qu, J., Gong, F., Han, Y., ... & Zhang, L. (2020). Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. The Lancet, 395(10223), 507-513. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30211-7
  • Chesser, A., Drassen Ham, A., & Keene Woods, N. (2020). Assessment of COVID-19 knowledge among university students: Implications for future risk communication strategies. Health Education and Behavior, 47(4), 540–543. https://doi.org/10.1177/1090198120931420
  • Cohen, J. (1992). Statistical power analysis. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 1(3), 98-101.
  • Cortegiani, A., Ingoglia, G., Ippolito, M., Giarratano, A., & Einav, S. (2020). A systematic review on the efficacy and safety of chloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19. Journal of Critical Care, 57, 279-283.
  • European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (2020). COVID-19 guidelines. https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/covid-19-pandemic. Accessed April 20, 2020.
  • Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Buchner, A., & Lang, A.-G. (2009). Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: Tests for correlation and regression analyses. Behavior Research Methods, 41, 1149-1160.
  • Feng, S., Shen, C., Xia, N., Song, W., Fan, M., & Cowling, B. J. (2020). Rational use of face masks in the COVID-19 pandemic. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 8(5), 434-436.
  • Ferreira Alves, R., Samorinha, C., Precioso, J (2020). Knowledge, attitudes and preventive behaviors toward COVID-19: a study among higher education students in Portugal. Journal of Health Research, 318-328. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHR-07-2020-0254.
  • Guan, W. J., Ni, Z. Y., Hu, Y., Liang, W. H., Ou, C. Q., He, J. X., ... & Zhong, N. S. (2020). Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. The New England Journal of Medicine, 382, 1708–1720. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2002032.
  • Gudi, S. K., Chhabra, M., Undela, K., Venkataraman, R., Mateti, U. V., Tiwari, K. K., & Nyamagoud, S. (2020). Knowledge and beliefs towards universal safety precautions during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic among the Indian public: A web-based cross-sectional survey. Drugs & Therapy Perspectives, 36(9), 413-420.
  • Hamza, M. S., Badary, O. A., Elmazar, M. M. (2021). Cross‑sectional study on awareness and knowledge of cOVID‑19 among senior pharmacy students. Journal of Community Health, 46, 139–146. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-020-00859-z.
  • Jiang, F., Deng, L., Zhang, L., Cai, Y., Cheung, C. W., & Xia, Z. (2020). Review of the clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Journal of General Internal Medicine, 35(5), 1545-1549.
  • Johnson, E. J., & Hariharan, S. (2017). Public health awareness: knowledge, attitude and behavior of the general public on health risks during the H1N1 influenza pandemic. Journal of Public Health, 25(3), 333-337. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-017-0790-7
  • Khasawneh, A. I., Humeidan, A. A., Alsulaiman, J. W., Bloukh, S., Ramadan, M., Al-Shatanawi, T. N., … & Kheirallah, K. A. (2020). Medical students and COVID-19: Knowledge, attitudes, and precautionary measures. A descriptive study from Jordan. Frontiers in Public Health, 8, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00253.
  • Kline, R. B. (2016). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modelling (4th ed.). New York: Guilford Press.
  • La Torre, G., Lia, L., Dorelli, B., Marte, M., Chiappetta, M., Faticoni, A., … & Ardizzone, C. (2020). How much do young Italians know about COVID-19 and what are their attitudes towards the Sars-CoV-2? Results of a cross-sectional study. Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness, 24, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2020.205.
  • Maheshwari, S., Gupta, P. K., Sinha, R., & Rawat, P. (2020). Knowledge, attitude, and practice towards coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among medical students: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Acute Disease, 9(3), 100-104, https://doi.org/10.4103/2221-6189.283886.
  • Montelpare, W., Read, E., McComber, T., Mahar, A., & Ritchie, K. (2020). Applied statistics in healthcare research. Retrieved from: https://pressbooks.library.upei.ca/montelpare/chapter/the-analysis-of-variance-and-post-hoc-tests/ Access at 14 March 2021.
  • Olaimat, A. N, Aolymat, I., Elsahoryi, N., Shahbaz, H. M., & Holley, R. A. (2020a). Attitudes, anxiety, and behavioral practices regarding COVID-19 among university students in Jordan: A cross-sectional study. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 103(3), 1177–1183. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.20-0418.
  • Olaimat, A. N., Aolymat, I., Shahbaz, H. M., & Holley, R. A. (2020). Knowledge and information sources about COVID-19 among university students in Jordan: A cross-sectional study. Frontiers in Public Health, 8, 254. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00254.
  • Papagiannis, D., Malli, F., Raptis, D. G., Papathanasiou, I. V., Fradelos, E. C., Daniil, Z., … & Gourgoulianis, K. I. (2020). Assessment of knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) of health care professionals in Greece before the outbreak period. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(14), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17144925.
  • Rodriguez-Morales, A. J., Cardona-Ospina, J. A., Gutiérrez-Ocampo, E., Villamizar-Peña, R., Holguin-Rivera, Y., Escalera-Antezana, J. P., ... & Sah, R. (2020). Clinical, laboratory and imaging features of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease, 34, 101623. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101623.
  • Roy, D., Tripathy, S., Kar, S. K., Sharma, N., Verma, S. K., & Kaushal, V. (2020). Study of knowledge, attitude, anxiety & perceived mental healthcare need in Indian population during COVID-19 pandemic. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 51, 102083. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102083
  • Shi, Y., Wang, J., Yang, Y., Wang, Z., Wang, G., Hashimoto, K., … & Liu, H. (2020). Knowledge and attitudes of medical staff in Chinese psychiatric hospitals regarding COVID-19. Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health, 4, 100064. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbih.2020.100064
  • Sögüt, S., Dolu, İ., & Cangöl, E. (2021). The relationship between COVID-19 knowledge levels and anxiety states of midwifery students during the outbreak: A cross-sectional web-based survey. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 57(1), 246-252. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppc.12555.
  • Taghrir, M. H., Borazjani, R., & Shiraly, R. (2020). COVID-19 and Iranian medical students; a survey on their related-knowledge, preventive behaviors and risk perception. Archives of Iranian Medicine, 23(4), 249-254. https://doi.org/10.34172/aim.2020.06
  • Torales, J., O’Higgins, M., Castaldelli-Maia, J. M., & Ventriglio, A. (2020). The outbreak of COVID-19 coronavirus and its impact on global mental health. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 66(4), 317-320.
  • World Health Organization, (2020a). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Available at: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019. Accessed 29 March 2021.
  • World Health Organization, (2020b). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Weekly Epidemiological Update, February 23. Available at: https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/weekly-epidemiological-update Accessed 23 February 2021
  • Xie, M., & Chen, Q. (2020). Insight into 2019 novel coronavirus—An updated interim review and lessons from SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 94, 119-124.
  • Yakar, B., Ozturk Kaygusuz, T., Pirincci, E., Onalan, E., Ertekin, Y. H. (2020). Knowledge, attitude and anxiety of medical students about the current COVID-19 outbreak in Turkey. Family Practice and Palliative Care, 5(2), 36-44. https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.737469
  • Yang, H., Bin, P., & He, A. J. (2020). Opinions from the epicenter: An online survey of university students in Wuhan amidst the COVID-19 outbreak1. Journal of Chinese Governance, 5(2), 234-248. https://doi.org/10.1080/23812346.2020.1745411.
  • Zhong, B. L., Luo, W., Li, H. M., Zhang, Q. Q., Liu, X. G., Li, W. T., & Li, Y. (2020). Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID19 among Chinese residents during the rapid rise period of the COVID-19 outbreak: A quick online cross-sectional survey. International Journal of Biological Sciences, 16(10), 1745–1752. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.45221.
  • Zu, Z. Y., Jiang, M. D., Xu, P. P., Chen, W., Ni, Q. Q., Lu, G. M., & Zhang, L. J. (2020). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a perspective from China. Radiology, 296(2), E15-25. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2020200490.

Knowledge levels and attitudes of university students towards COVID-19 virus, COVID-19 vaccine, and protection from COVID-19 virus

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 8 - 16, 30.04.2023

Safiye Şahin Rujnan Tuna

https://doi.org/10.29228/anatoljhr.67964

Öz

Aim: This study aims to examine the knowledge levels and attitudes of university students towards COVID-19 virus, COVID-19 vaccine, and protection from COVID-19 virus. It also aims to compare the knowledge and attitudes of students according to department, grade, worried about getting COVID-19, and following the COVID-19 cases on a daily basis.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between 22 November 2020 and 6 January 2021 with 322 university students in the health sciences school of a state university. The online survey included general information of students and items about their knowledge and attitudes towards COVID-19 pandemic.
Results: The students' level of knowledge about COVID-19 was high (83 ± 12 on 100 points) and their attitudes were positive and above average (3.85 ± 0.48 on 5-point Likert scale). Their attitudes towards vaccination were also found to be slightly over the average and positive. The knowledge and attitudes of the students differed significantly according to the department, grade and factors related to COVID-19 pandemic.
Conclusion: The results of this study reveal that participants have a high level of knowledge about the COVID-19 pandemic, but are hesitant about vaccination. It is recommended to improve university students’ attitudes towards COVID-19 virus, vaccination, and protection in a positive way by increasing their awareness.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19 knowledge attitude vaccines students

Kaynakça

  • Abdelhafiz, A. S., Mohammed, Z., Ibrahim, M. E., Ziady, H. H., Alorabi, M., Ayyad, M., & Sultan, E. A. (2020). Knowledge, perceptions, and attitude of Egyptians towards the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Journal of Community Health, 45(5), 881-90. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-020-00827-7
  • Al-Hanawi, M. K., Angawi, K., Alshareef, N., Qattan, A. M., Helmy, H. Z., Abudawood, Y. & Alsharqi, O. (2020). Knowledge, attitude and practice toward COVID-19 among the public in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study. Frontiers in Public Health, 8, 217.
  • Alzoubi, H., Alnawaiseh, N., Al-Mnayyis, A., Lubad, M. A., Aqel, A., & Al-Shagahin, H. (2020). COVID-19-knowledge, attitude and practice among medical and non-medical university students in Jordan. Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology, 14(1), 17-24.
  • Baloran, E. T. (2020). Knowledge, attitudes, anxiety, and coping strategies of students during COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 25(8), 635–642. https://doi.org/10.1080/15325024.2020.1769300
  • Bokadia, S., & Ganapathy, D. (2020). Awareness of coronavirus among dental students–A questionnaire-based study. Drug Invention Today, 13(4), 587-589.
  • Chen, N., Zhou, M., Dong, X., Qu, J., Gong, F., Han, Y., ... & Zhang, L. (2020). Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. The Lancet, 395(10223), 507-513. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30211-7
  • Chesser, A., Drassen Ham, A., & Keene Woods, N. (2020). Assessment of COVID-19 knowledge among university students: Implications for future risk communication strategies. Health Education and Behavior, 47(4), 540–543. https://doi.org/10.1177/1090198120931420
  • Cohen, J. (1992). Statistical power analysis. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 1(3), 98-101.
  • Cortegiani, A., Ingoglia, G., Ippolito, M., Giarratano, A., & Einav, S. (2020). A systematic review on the efficacy and safety of chloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19. Journal of Critical Care, 57, 279-283.
  • European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (2020). COVID-19 guidelines. https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/covid-19-pandemic. Accessed April 20, 2020.
  • Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Buchner, A., & Lang, A.-G. (2009). Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: Tests for correlation and regression analyses. Behavior Research Methods, 41, 1149-1160.
  • Feng, S., Shen, C., Xia, N., Song, W., Fan, M., & Cowling, B. J. (2020). Rational use of face masks in the COVID-19 pandemic. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 8(5), 434-436.
  • Ferreira Alves, R., Samorinha, C., Precioso, J (2020). Knowledge, attitudes and preventive behaviors toward COVID-19: a study among higher education students in Portugal. Journal of Health Research, 318-328. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHR-07-2020-0254.
  • Guan, W. J., Ni, Z. Y., Hu, Y., Liang, W. H., Ou, C. Q., He, J. X., ... & Zhong, N. S. (2020). Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. The New England Journal of Medicine, 382, 1708–1720. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2002032.
  • Gudi, S. K., Chhabra, M., Undela, K., Venkataraman, R., Mateti, U. V., Tiwari, K. K., & Nyamagoud, S. (2020). Knowledge and beliefs towards universal safety precautions during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic among the Indian public: A web-based cross-sectional survey. Drugs & Therapy Perspectives, 36(9), 413-420.
  • Hamza, M. S., Badary, O. A., Elmazar, M. M. (2021). Cross‑sectional study on awareness and knowledge of cOVID‑19 among senior pharmacy students. Journal of Community Health, 46, 139–146. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-020-00859-z.
  • Jiang, F., Deng, L., Zhang, L., Cai, Y., Cheung, C. W., & Xia, Z. (2020). Review of the clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Journal of General Internal Medicine, 35(5), 1545-1549.
  • Johnson, E. J., & Hariharan, S. (2017). Public health awareness: knowledge, attitude and behavior of the general public on health risks during the H1N1 influenza pandemic. Journal of Public Health, 25(3), 333-337. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-017-0790-7
  • Khasawneh, A. I., Humeidan, A. A., Alsulaiman, J. W., Bloukh, S., Ramadan, M., Al-Shatanawi, T. N., … & Kheirallah, K. A. (2020). Medical students and COVID-19: Knowledge, attitudes, and precautionary measures. A descriptive study from Jordan. Frontiers in Public Health, 8, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00253.
  • Kline, R. B. (2016). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modelling (4th ed.). New York: Guilford Press.
  • La Torre, G., Lia, L., Dorelli, B., Marte, M., Chiappetta, M., Faticoni, A., … & Ardizzone, C. (2020). How much do young Italians know about COVID-19 and what are their attitudes towards the Sars-CoV-2? Results of a cross-sectional study. Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness, 24, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2020.205.
  • Maheshwari, S., Gupta, P. K., Sinha, R., & Rawat, P. (2020). Knowledge, attitude, and practice towards coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among medical students: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Acute Disease, 9(3), 100-104, https://doi.org/10.4103/2221-6189.283886.
  • Montelpare, W., Read, E., McComber, T., Mahar, A., & Ritchie, K. (2020). Applied statistics in healthcare research. Retrieved from: https://pressbooks.library.upei.ca/montelpare/chapter/the-analysis-of-variance-and-post-hoc-tests/ Access at 14 March 2021.
  • Olaimat, A. N, Aolymat, I., Elsahoryi, N., Shahbaz, H. M., & Holley, R. A. (2020a). Attitudes, anxiety, and behavioral practices regarding COVID-19 among university students in Jordan: A cross-sectional study. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 103(3), 1177–1183. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.20-0418.
  • Olaimat, A. N., Aolymat, I., Shahbaz, H. M., & Holley, R. A. (2020). Knowledge and information sources about COVID-19 among university students in Jordan: A cross-sectional study. Frontiers in Public Health, 8, 254. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00254.
  • Papagiannis, D., Malli, F., Raptis, D. G., Papathanasiou, I. V., Fradelos, E. C., Daniil, Z., … & Gourgoulianis, K. I. (2020). Assessment of knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) of health care professionals in Greece before the outbreak period. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(14), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17144925.
  • Rodriguez-Morales, A. J., Cardona-Ospina, J. A., Gutiérrez-Ocampo, E., Villamizar-Peña, R., Holguin-Rivera, Y., Escalera-Antezana, J. P., ... & Sah, R. (2020). Clinical, laboratory and imaging features of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease, 34, 101623. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101623.
  • Roy, D., Tripathy, S., Kar, S. K., Sharma, N., Verma, S. K., & Kaushal, V. (2020). Study of knowledge, attitude, anxiety & perceived mental healthcare need in Indian population during COVID-19 pandemic. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 51, 102083. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102083
  • Shi, Y., Wang, J., Yang, Y., Wang, Z., Wang, G., Hashimoto, K., … & Liu, H. (2020). Knowledge and attitudes of medical staff in Chinese psychiatric hospitals regarding COVID-19. Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health, 4, 100064. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbih.2020.100064
  • Sögüt, S., Dolu, İ., & Cangöl, E. (2021). The relationship between COVID-19 knowledge levels and anxiety states of midwifery students during the outbreak: A cross-sectional web-based survey. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 57(1), 246-252. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppc.12555.
  • Taghrir, M. H., Borazjani, R., & Shiraly, R. (2020). COVID-19 and Iranian medical students; a survey on their related-knowledge, preventive behaviors and risk perception. Archives of Iranian Medicine, 23(4), 249-254. https://doi.org/10.34172/aim.2020.06
  • Torales, J., O’Higgins, M., Castaldelli-Maia, J. M., & Ventriglio, A. (2020). The outbreak of COVID-19 coronavirus and its impact on global mental health. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 66(4), 317-320.
  • World Health Organization, (2020a). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Available at: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019. Accessed 29 March 2021.
  • World Health Organization, (2020b). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Weekly Epidemiological Update, February 23. Available at: https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/weekly-epidemiological-update Accessed 23 February 2021
  • Xie, M., & Chen, Q. (2020). Insight into 2019 novel coronavirus—An updated interim review and lessons from SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 94, 119-124.
  • Yakar, B., Ozturk Kaygusuz, T., Pirincci, E., Onalan, E., Ertekin, Y. H. (2020). Knowledge, attitude and anxiety of medical students about the current COVID-19 outbreak in Turkey. Family Practice and Palliative Care, 5(2), 36-44. https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.737469
  • Yang, H., Bin, P., & He, A. J. (2020). Opinions from the epicenter: An online survey of university students in Wuhan amidst the COVID-19 outbreak1. Journal of Chinese Governance, 5(2), 234-248. https://doi.org/10.1080/23812346.2020.1745411.
  • Zhong, B. L., Luo, W., Li, H. M., Zhang, Q. Q., Liu, X. G., Li, W. T., & Li, Y. (2020). Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID19 among Chinese residents during the rapid rise period of the COVID-19 outbreak: A quick online cross-sectional survey. International Journal of Biological Sciences, 16(10), 1745–1752. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.45221.
  • Zu, Z. Y., Jiang, M. D., Xu, P. P., Chen, W., Ni, Q. Q., Lu, G. M., & Zhang, L. J. (2020). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a perspective from China. Radiology, 296(2), E15-25. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2020200490.
Toplam 39 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Gelişim Psikolojisi (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Safiye Şahin 0000-0003-1734-9586

Rujnan Tuna 0000-0002-5156-3781

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Nisan 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Şahin, S., & Tuna, R. (2023). Knowledge levels and attitudes of university students towards COVID-19 virus, COVID-19 vaccine, and protection from COVID-19 virus. Anatolian Journal of Health Research, 4(1), 8-16. https://doi.org/10.29228/anatoljhr.67964
 Kapak Resmi İndir

Content of this journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial 4.0 International License

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