Changes in Pysical Activity of University Students During The Pandemic Period: A Cross-Sectional Study
Öz
Aim: To examine the relationship between physical activity and demographic characteristics in university students and to compare the values before and after pandemic.
Material and Method: There were 226 students without chronic diseases or trauma in this cross-sectional study. The demographic information and physical activity levels were evaluated with an online questionnaire. International Physical Activity Questionnaire-short form-(IPAQ-SF) was administered for before and after the pandemic period. The data was analyzed using SPSS v24, Jamovi v1.8.2 and G*power v3.1.9.6. Independent sample t-test, Mann Whitney U test, Wilcoxon signed ranks test and Kruskal-Wallis test analyzes and mediation modeling were used.
Results: 5.8% of the students are low active; 81.9% are moderate active; 12.4% are high physical active. After the pandemic, the medians of vigorous and moderate physical activity, walking decreased and medians of sitting activity increased compared to the pre-pandemic period (p=0.037; p=0.033; p<0.001; p<0.001). There was no difference in the medians of physical activity change between gender and living environment groups (p=0.086; p=0.157).
Conclusion: It is important to encourage young adults who are inactive for a long time due to online education to exercise in order to prevent problems that may arise as a result of activity restriction.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Activity Inactivity Phsical activity level COVID 19 University students
Kaynakça
- Barone Gibbs, B., Kline, C.E., Huber, K.A., Paley, J.L., Perera, S. (2021). Covid-19 shelter-at-home and work, lifestyle and well-being in desk workers. Occupational Medicine, 71(2), 86-94. doi:10.1093/occmed/kqab011.
- Başara, B.B., Dirimeşe, V., Özkan, E., Varol, Ö. (2006). Türkiye Hastalık Yükü Çalışması 2004. N. Ünüvar, S. Mollahaliloğlu & N. Yardım (Ed.), Sağlık Bakanlığı RSHMB Hıfzıssıhha Mektebi Müdürlüğü. Ankara: Aydoğdu Ofset Matbaacılık; 22-30.
- Bull, F.C., Al-Ansari, S.S., Biddle, S., Borodulin, K., Buman, M.P., Cardon, G., … Willumsen, J.F. (2020). World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 54(24), 1451–1462. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2020-102955.
- Bronikowska, M., Krzysztoszek, J., Łopatka, M., Ludwiczak, M., Pluta, B. (2021). Comparison of Physical Activity Levels in Youths before and during a Pandemic Lockdown. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(10), 5139. doi:10.3390/ijerph18105139.
- Castañeda-Babarro, A., Arbillaga-Etxarri, A., Gutiérrez-Santamaría, B., Coca, A. (2020). Physical Activity Change during COVID-19 Confinement. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(18), 6878. doi:10.3390/ijerph17186878.
- Cho, D.H., Lee, S.J., Jae, S.Y., Kim, W.J., Ha, S.J., Gwon, J.G., … Kim, J.Y. (2021). Physical Activity and the Risk of COVID-19 Infection and Mortality: A Nationwide Population-Based Case-Control Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10(7), 1539. doi:10.3390/jcm10071539.
- Eek, F., Larsson, C., Wisén, A., Ekvall Hansson, E. (2021). Self-Perceived Changes in Physical Activity and the Relation to Life Satisfaction and Rated Physical Capacity in Swedish Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic-A Cross Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(2), 671. doi:10.3390/ijerph18020671.
- Ercan, Ş., Keklicek, H. (2020). COVID-19 Pandemisi Nedeniyle Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeylerindeki Değişimin İncelenmesi. İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(2), 69-74.
- Flegal, K.M., Kit, B.K., Graubard, B.I. (2014). Body mass index categories in observational studies of weight and risk of death. American Journal of Epidemiology, 180(3), 288-96. doi:10.1093/aje/kwu111.
- Giustino, V., Parroco, A.M., Gennaro, A., Musumeci, G., Palma, A., Battaglia, G. (2020). Physical Activity Levels and Related Energy Expenditure during COVID-19 Quarantine among the Sicilian Active Population: A Cross-Sectional Online Survey Study. Sustainability, 12(11), 4356. doi:10.3390/su12114356.
- Karuc, J., Sorić, M., Radman, I., Mišigoj-Duraković, M. (2020). Moderators of Change in Physical Activity Levels during Restrictions Due to COVID-19 Pandemic in Young Urban Adults. Sustainability, 12(16), 6392. doi:10.3390/su12166392.
- Laursen, T.M., Munk-Olsen, T., Vestergaard, M. (2012). Life expectancy and cardiovascular mortality in persons with schizophrenia. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 25, 83-8.
- Rock, C.L., Doyle, C., Demark-Wahnefried, W., Meyerhardt, J., Courneya, K.S., Schwartz, A.L., … Gansler, T. (2012). Nutrition and physical activity guidelines for cancer survivors. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 62(4), 243-74. doi:10.3322/caac.21142.
- Marshall, S.J. (2004). Developing countries face double burden of disease. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 82, 556.
- Peçanha, T., Goessler, K.F., Roschel, H., Gualano, B. (2020). Social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic can increase physical inactivity and the global burden of cardiovascular disease. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 318(6), 1441-1446. doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00268.2020.
- Rahman, M.E., Islam, M.S., Bishwas, M.S., Moonajilin, M.S., Gozal, D. (2020). Physical inactivity and sedentary behaviors in the Bangladeshi population during the COVID-19 pandemic: An online cross-sectional survey. Heliyon, 6(10): 05392. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05392.
- Sadarangani, K.P., De Roia, G.F., Lobo, P., Chavez, R., Meyer, J., Cristi-Montero, C., … Smith, L. (2021). Changes in Sitting Time, Screen Exposure and Physical Activity during COVID-19 Lockdown in South American Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(10): 5239. doi:10.3390/ijerph18105239.
- Saglam, M., Arikan, H., Savci, S., Inal-Ince, D., Bosnak-Guclu, M., Karabulut, E., Tokgozoglu, L. (2010). International physical activity questionnaire: reliability and validity of the Turkish version. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 111(1), 278-84.
- Schwendinger, F., Pocecco, E. (2020). Counteracting Physical Inactivity during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence-Based Recommendations for Home-Based Exercise. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(11), 3909. doi:10.3390/ijerph17113909.
- Stockwell, S., Trott, M., Tully, M., Shin, J., Barnett, Y., Butler, L., … Smith, L. (2021). Changes in Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviours from Before to During the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown: A Systematic Review. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine, 7, 000960. doi:10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000960.
- Şanlı, E., Atalay Güzel, N. (2009). Öğretmenlerde Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeyi- Yaş, Cinsiyet ve Beden Kitle İndeksi İlişkisi. Gazi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi (Gazi BESBD), 14(3), 23- 32.
- Wilke, J., Mohr, L., Tenforde, A.S., Edouard, P., Fossati, C., González-Gross, M., … Hollander, K. (2021). A Pandemic within the Pandemic? Physical Activity Levels Substantially Decreased in Countries Affected by COVID-19. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(5), 2235. doi:10.3390/ijerph18052235.
- World Medical Association (2013). World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. JAMA, 310(20), 2191–2194. doi:10.1001/jama.2013.281053.
- Zenic, N., Taiar, R., Gilic, B., Blazevic, M., Maric, D., Pojskic, H., Sekulic, D. (2020). Levels and Changes of Physical Activity in Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Contextualizing Urban vs. Rural Living Environment. Applied Sciences, 10, 3997. doi:10.3390/app10113997.
Pandemi Döneminde Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeyi Değişiminin İncelenmesi: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma
Öz
Amaç: Sağlıklı üniversite öğrencilerinde fiziksel aktivite düzeyinin demografik özellikler ile ilişkisini incelemek ve pandemi öncesi ve sonrası değerleri karşılaştırmaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Kesitsel tipte tasarlanan çalışmaya kronik hastalığı ve travmatik kas iskelet sistemi problemi bulunmayan 226 üniversite öğrencisi dahil edilmiştir. Katılımcıların demografik özellikleri ve fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri çevrimiçi oluşturulan bir anket yoluyla değerlendirilmiştir. Fiziksel aktivite düzeyi pandemi süreci ve öncesi göz önünde bulundurularak Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi Kısa Formu ile iki kez değerlendirilmiştir. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde SPSS v24, Jamovi v1.8.2 ve örneklem büyüklüğünün belirlenmesinde G*power v3.1.9.6 programları kullanılmıştır. Veri analizleri bağımsız örneklem t-testi, Mann Whitney U testi, Wilcoxon sıralı işaretler testi ve Kruskal-Wallis testi analizlerinden ve mediasyon modellemesi kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan öğrencilerin %5.8’i inaktif; %81.9’u orta düzeyde aktif; %12.4’ü ise aktifti. Pandemi döneminde şiddetli ve orta fiziksel aktivite, yürüme aktivite değerleri pandemi öncesine göre düşüş, oturma aktivitesi değerleri ise yükseliş gösterdi (p=0.037; p=0.033; p<0.001; p<0.001). Fiziksel aktivite değişimi değerleri cinsiyet ve yaşam çevresi gruplarına göre kıyaslandığında, gruplar benzerdi (p=0.086; p=0.157).
Sonuç: Pandemi döneminde fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinde düşüş gözlenmiştir. Özellikle online eğitim nedeniyle uzun süreler hareketsiz kalan genç bireylerde aktivite kısıtlılığı sonucu ortaya çıkabilecek sorunları önlemek için fiziksel aktivite teşvik edilmelidir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Fiziksel aktivite düzeyi Aktivite İnaktivite COVID 19 Üniversite öğrencisi
Kaynakça
- Barone Gibbs, B., Kline, C.E., Huber, K.A., Paley, J.L., Perera, S. (2021). Covid-19 shelter-at-home and work, lifestyle and well-being in desk workers. Occupational Medicine, 71(2), 86-94. doi:10.1093/occmed/kqab011.
- Başara, B.B., Dirimeşe, V., Özkan, E., Varol, Ö. (2006). Türkiye Hastalık Yükü Çalışması 2004. N. Ünüvar, S. Mollahaliloğlu & N. Yardım (Ed.), Sağlık Bakanlığı RSHMB Hıfzıssıhha Mektebi Müdürlüğü. Ankara: Aydoğdu Ofset Matbaacılık; 22-30.
- Bull, F.C., Al-Ansari, S.S., Biddle, S., Borodulin, K., Buman, M.P., Cardon, G., … Willumsen, J.F. (2020). World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 54(24), 1451–1462. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2020-102955.
- Bronikowska, M., Krzysztoszek, J., Łopatka, M., Ludwiczak, M., Pluta, B. (2021). Comparison of Physical Activity Levels in Youths before and during a Pandemic Lockdown. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(10), 5139. doi:10.3390/ijerph18105139.
- Castañeda-Babarro, A., Arbillaga-Etxarri, A., Gutiérrez-Santamaría, B., Coca, A. (2020). Physical Activity Change during COVID-19 Confinement. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(18), 6878. doi:10.3390/ijerph17186878.
- Cho, D.H., Lee, S.J., Jae, S.Y., Kim, W.J., Ha, S.J., Gwon, J.G., … Kim, J.Y. (2021). Physical Activity and the Risk of COVID-19 Infection and Mortality: A Nationwide Population-Based Case-Control Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10(7), 1539. doi:10.3390/jcm10071539.
- Eek, F., Larsson, C., Wisén, A., Ekvall Hansson, E. (2021). Self-Perceived Changes in Physical Activity and the Relation to Life Satisfaction and Rated Physical Capacity in Swedish Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic-A Cross Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(2), 671. doi:10.3390/ijerph18020671.
- Ercan, Ş., Keklicek, H. (2020). COVID-19 Pandemisi Nedeniyle Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeylerindeki Değişimin İncelenmesi. İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(2), 69-74.
- Flegal, K.M., Kit, B.K., Graubard, B.I. (2014). Body mass index categories in observational studies of weight and risk of death. American Journal of Epidemiology, 180(3), 288-96. doi:10.1093/aje/kwu111.
- Giustino, V., Parroco, A.M., Gennaro, A., Musumeci, G., Palma, A., Battaglia, G. (2020). Physical Activity Levels and Related Energy Expenditure during COVID-19 Quarantine among the Sicilian Active Population: A Cross-Sectional Online Survey Study. Sustainability, 12(11), 4356. doi:10.3390/su12114356.
- Karuc, J., Sorić, M., Radman, I., Mišigoj-Duraković, M. (2020). Moderators of Change in Physical Activity Levels during Restrictions Due to COVID-19 Pandemic in Young Urban Adults. Sustainability, 12(16), 6392. doi:10.3390/su12166392.
- Laursen, T.M., Munk-Olsen, T., Vestergaard, M. (2012). Life expectancy and cardiovascular mortality in persons with schizophrenia. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 25, 83-8.
- Rock, C.L., Doyle, C., Demark-Wahnefried, W., Meyerhardt, J., Courneya, K.S., Schwartz, A.L., … Gansler, T. (2012). Nutrition and physical activity guidelines for cancer survivors. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 62(4), 243-74. doi:10.3322/caac.21142.
- Marshall, S.J. (2004). Developing countries face double burden of disease. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 82, 556.
- Peçanha, T., Goessler, K.F., Roschel, H., Gualano, B. (2020). Social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic can increase physical inactivity and the global burden of cardiovascular disease. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 318(6), 1441-1446. doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00268.2020.
- Rahman, M.E., Islam, M.S., Bishwas, M.S., Moonajilin, M.S., Gozal, D. (2020). Physical inactivity and sedentary behaviors in the Bangladeshi population during the COVID-19 pandemic: An online cross-sectional survey. Heliyon, 6(10): 05392. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05392.
- Sadarangani, K.P., De Roia, G.F., Lobo, P., Chavez, R., Meyer, J., Cristi-Montero, C., … Smith, L. (2021). Changes in Sitting Time, Screen Exposure and Physical Activity during COVID-19 Lockdown in South American Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(10): 5239. doi:10.3390/ijerph18105239.
- Saglam, M., Arikan, H., Savci, S., Inal-Ince, D., Bosnak-Guclu, M., Karabulut, E., Tokgozoglu, L. (2010). International physical activity questionnaire: reliability and validity of the Turkish version. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 111(1), 278-84.
- Schwendinger, F., Pocecco, E. (2020). Counteracting Physical Inactivity during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence-Based Recommendations for Home-Based Exercise. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(11), 3909. doi:10.3390/ijerph17113909.
- Stockwell, S., Trott, M., Tully, M., Shin, J., Barnett, Y., Butler, L., … Smith, L. (2021). Changes in Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviours from Before to During the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown: A Systematic Review. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine, 7, 000960. doi:10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000960.
- Şanlı, E., Atalay Güzel, N. (2009). Öğretmenlerde Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeyi- Yaş, Cinsiyet ve Beden Kitle İndeksi İlişkisi. Gazi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi (Gazi BESBD), 14(3), 23- 32.
- Wilke, J., Mohr, L., Tenforde, A.S., Edouard, P., Fossati, C., González-Gross, M., … Hollander, K. (2021). A Pandemic within the Pandemic? Physical Activity Levels Substantially Decreased in Countries Affected by COVID-19. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(5), 2235. doi:10.3390/ijerph18052235.
- World Medical Association (2013). World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. JAMA, 310(20), 2191–2194. doi:10.1001/jama.2013.281053.
- Zenic, N., Taiar, R., Gilic, B., Blazevic, M., Maric, D., Pojskic, H., Sekulic, D. (2020). Levels and Changes of Physical Activity in Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Contextualizing Urban vs. Rural Living Environment. Applied Sciences, 10, 3997. doi:10.3390/app10113997.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi |
| Bölüm | ARAŞTIRMA MAKALELERİ |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 22 Nisan 2022 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 13 Aralık 2021 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 1 Mart 2022 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2022 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1 |
Kaynak Göster
Cited By
Investigation of Burnout Status, Self-Esteem, Communication Skills and Academic Self-Efficacy Levels of Students in Online Education Process in the COVID 19 Pandemic
Bandırma Onyedi Eylül Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi
https://doi.org/10.46413/boneyusbad.1206561
Bandırma Onyedi Eylül Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.