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Parental Anxiety and Children's Mediterranean Diet Quality Index during the COVID-19 pandemic

Yıl 2023, , 199 - 206, 31.08.2023

Elif Nur Elçi , Başak Can , Sine Yılmaz

https://doi.org/10.51754/cusbed.1278492

Öz

COVID-19, which affected the whole world in 2019, caused various psychosocial disorders, especially stress and anxiety disorders in individuals. Anxiety disorder, which is very common in parents, affects children's eating behaviors. The Mediterranean diet, which is one of the healthiest diets in the world thanks to its comprehensive vitamin and mineral content, has also been reported to be protective against COVID-19. In our study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between parents' anxiety levels and KIDMED scores, which measure their children's compliance with the Mediterranean diet. The questionnaire form, which was created using the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS), was delivered to the parents by snowball method. In total, 589 parents were reached. Conditions such as parental gender, relationship status, number of children, and dietary supplement use before COVID-19 were only significantly associated with BAI. (p<0,05). Pearson correlation coefficient showed that the CAS and BAI score was weakly associated with the KIDMED score (0,39*; 0,01 and 0,14*;0,01). As a result, compliance with the Mediterranean diet protects individuals against diseases. It is very important for children and adolescents, who are the individuals of the future, to have a healthy diet. To protect public health in future pandemics, healthy eating patterns such as the Mediterranean diet should be expanded.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19 KIDMED Mediterranean Diet Parental Anxiety

Kaynakça

  • Ash, T., Agaronov, A., Young, T., Aftosmes-Tobio, A., & Davison, K.K. (2017). Family-based childhood obesity prevention interventions: a systematic review and quantitative content analysis. The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 14(1), p. 113. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966- 017-0571-2
  • Bacopoulou, F., Landis, G., Rentoumis, A., Tsitsika, A., & Efthymiou, V. (2017). Mediterranean diet decreases adolescent waist circumference. European Journal of Clinical Investigation, 47(6), pp. 447–455. https://doi.org/10.1111/eci.12760
  • Bendau, A., Kunas, S.L., Wyka, S., Petzold, M.B., Plag, J., Asselmann, E., & Ströhle, A. (2021). Longitudinal changes of anxiety and depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany: The role of pre-existing anxiety, depressive, and other mental disorders. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 79, p. 102377. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2021.102377.
  • Biçer, İ., Çakmak, C., & Demir, H. (2020). Coronavirus Anxiety Scale short form: Turkish validity and reliability study. Anadolu Kliniği Tıp Bilimleri Dergisi, 25, pp. 216–225. https://doi.org/10.21673/anadoluklin.731092
  • Cena, H., & Calder, P. C. (2020). Defining a healthy diet: Evidence for the role of contemporary dietary patterns in health and disease. Nutrients, 12(2), pp. 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12020334
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021). Prevalence of childhood obesity in the United States. https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/data/childhood.html. Accessed 30 December 2023.
  • Choi, E., Lee, J., & Lee, S. A. (2022). Validation of the Korean version of the obsession with COVID-19 scale and the Coronavirus anxiety scale’, Death Studies, 46(3), pp. 608–614. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2020.1833383
  • Coulthard, H., Sharps, M., Cunliffe, L., & van den Tol, A. (2021). Eating in the lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic; self-reported changes in eating behaviour, and associations with BMI, eating style, coping and health anxiety. Appetite, 161, 105082. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2020.105082
  • Çevik Güner, Ü. & Ayar, D. (2022). Pandemi sürecinde ebeveyn anksiyetesi ile çocukların korku ve davranışları arasındaki ilişki. Çocuk Dergisi, 22(2), 80-88. https://doi.org/10.26650/jchild.2022.1000600
  • Emerson, J. A., Tol, W., Caulfield, L. E., & Doocy, S. (2017). Maternal psychological distress and perceived impact on child feeding practices in South Kivu, DR Congo. Food and Nutrition Bulletin, 38(3), 319–337. https://doi.org/10.1177/0379572117714385
  • Emerson, J. A., Caulfield, L. E., Musafiri Kishimata, E., Nzanzu, J. P., & Doocy, S. (2020). Maternal mental health symptoms are positively associated with child dietary diversity and meal frequency but not nutritional status in Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. Public Health Nutrition, 23(10), 1810–1819. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980019004087
  • Esteban-Gonzalo, L., Turner, A. I., Torres, S. J., Esteban-Cornejo, I., Castro-Piñero, J., Delgado-Alfonso, Á., Marcos, A., GómezMartínez, S., & Veiga, Ó. L. (2019). Diet quality and well-being in children and adolescents: the UP&DOWN longitudinal study. The British Journal of Nutrition, 121(2), 221–231. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114518003070
  • Etikan, I., Alkassim, R., & Abubakar, S. (2016). Comparision of snowball sampling and sequential sampling technique. Biometrics and Biostatistics International Journal, 3(1), p. 55. https://doi.org/10.15406/bbij.2016.03.00055
  • Fountoulakis, K. N., Apostolidou, M. K., Atsiova, M. B., Filippidou, A. K., Florou, A. K., Gousiou, D. S., Katsara, A. R., Mantzari, S. N., Padouva-Markoulaki, M., Papatriantafyllou, E. I., Sacharidi, P. I., Tonia, A. I., Tsagalidou, E. G., Zymara, V. P., Prezerakos, P. E., Koupidis, S. A., Fountoulakis, N. K., & Chrousos, G. P. (2021). Selfreported changes in anxiety, depression and suicidality during the COVID-19 lockdown in Greece. Journal of Affective Disorders, 279, 624–629. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.10.061
  • Gayretli, S. & Sönmez Düzkaya, D. (2023). Pandemi sürecinde ebeveynlerin koronavirüs anksiyete düzeyinin ebeveyn çocuk ilişkisine etkisi. Black Sea Journal of Health Science , 6 (1) , 1-10 . https://doi.org/10.19127/bshealthscience.1148061
  • Hafiz, N. M., El-Readi, M. Z., Esheba, G., Althubiti, M., Ayoub, N., Alzahrani, A. R., Al-Ghamdi, S. S., & Eid, S. Y. (2023). The use of the nutritional supplements during the covid-19 outbreak in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 72, 102917. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2023.102917
  • Kabaran, S. & Gezer, C. (2013). Determination of the mediterranean diet and the obesity status of children and adolescents in Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus . Türkiye Çocuk Hastalıkları Dergisi,7 (1) , 11-20 . Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/tchd/issue/44391/549263
  • Kenđel Jovanović, G., Dragaš Zubalj, N., Klobučar Majanović, S., Rahelić, D., Rahelić, V., Vučak Lončar, J., & Pavičić Žeželj, S. (2021). The outcome of COVID-19 lockdown on changes in body mass index and lifestyle among Croatian schoolchildren: a crosssectional study. Nutrients, 13(11), 3788. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13113788
  • Kırşan, M. & Özcan, B. A. (2021). Adölesanlarda sağlık okuryazarlığı ve beslenme okuryazarlığının diyet kalitesine etkisi. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, (27), 532-538. https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.962135
  • Kuru Yasar, R. & Üstün Aytekin, Ö. (2021). COVID-19 ve beslenme arasındaki ilişkiye güncel bir bakış. Akademik Gıda, 19 (1) , 108- 115. https://doi.org/10.24323/akademik-gida.927735
  • Lee S. A. (2020). Coronavirus Anxiety Scale: A brief mental health screener for COVID-19 related anxiety. Death Studies, 44(7), 393–401. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2020.1748481
  • Mendeş, B., Can, B., & Yılmaz, S. (2022). COVID-19 pandemisinde bireylerin kaygı düzeylerinin ve ortoreksiya nervoza eğilimlerinin değerlendirilmesi. İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, (16), 258-270.
  • https://doi.org/10.38079/igusabder.1062225 Nittari, G., Scuri, S., Petrelli, F., Pirillo, I., di Luca, N. M., & Grappasonni, I. (2019). Fighting obesity in children from European World Health Organization member states. Epidemiological data, medical-social aspects, and prevention programs. La Clinica Terapeutica, 170(3), e223–e230. https://doi.org/10.7417/CT.2019.2137
  • Özdin, S., & Bayrak Özdin, Ş. (2020). Levels and predictors of anxiety, depression and health anxiety during COVID-19 pandemic in Turkish society: The importance of gender. The International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 66(5), 504–511. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020764020927051
  • Philippe, K., Chabanet, C., Issanchou, S., & Monnery-Patris, S. (2021). Child eating behaviors, parental feeding practices and food shopping motivations during the COVID-19 lockdown in France: (How) did they change? Appetite, 161, 105132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2021.105132
  • Ren, J., Li, X., Chen, S., Chen, S., & Nie, Y. (2020). The influence of factors such as parenting stress and social support on the state anxiety in parents of special needs children during the COVID-19 epidemic. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 565393.
  • Schou, T. M., Joca, S., Wegener, G., & Bay-Richter, C. (2021). Psychiatric and neuropsychiatric sequelae of COVID-19 - A systematic review. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 97, 328–348. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2021.07.018
  • Seremet Kürklü, N. , Kamarlı Altun, H. & Karaçil Ermumcu, M. Ş. (2023). COVID-19 pandemisinde sosyal izolasyonun çocuklarda beslenme alışkanlıkları, diyet kalitesi, yaşam tarzı değişiklikleri ve obezite üzerine etkisi. Akdeniz Tıp Dergisi , 9 (1) , 15-22. https://doi.org/10.53394/akd.959674
  • Serra-Majem, L., Ribas, L., Ngo, J., Ortega, R. M., García, A., PérezRodrigo, C., & Aranceta, J. (2004). Food, youth and the Mediterranean diet in Spain, Development of KIDMED, Mediterranean Diet Quality Index in children and adolescents. Public Health Nutrition, 7(7), 931–935. https://doi.org/10.1079/phn2004556
  • Soyanıt, Ş., Cabar, H. D. , Avcı, G. & Aydın Avcı, İ. (2022). Covid-19 pandemisi sürecinde okul çocuğuna sahip ebeveynlerin anksiyete düzeylerinin belirlenmesi. Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 16 (4), 660-669. https://doi.org/10.21763/tjfmpc.1063851
  • Sümen, A., & Evgin, D. (2022). A cross-sectional study examining selfreported anthropometric measurements with adolescents' nutrition attitudes, obesity awareness and diet quality indices during the pandemic. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 64, 133–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2022.01.018
  • Şahingöz, S. A., Özgen, L., & Yalçın, A. G. E. (2019). Akdeniz diyet kalitesi ölçeğinin (Mediterranean Diet Quality-KIDMED) geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. In Conference: 5th International Eurasian Congress on Natural Nutrition, Healthy.
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Parental Anxiety and Children's Mediterranean Diet Quality Index during the COVID-19 pandemic

Yıl 2023, , 199 - 206, 31.08.2023

Elif Nur Elçi , Başak Can , Sine Yılmaz

https://doi.org/10.51754/cusbed.1278492

Öz

COVID-19, which affected the whole world in 2019, caused various psychosocial disorders, especially stress and anxiety disorders in individuals. Anxiety disorder, which is very common in parents, affects children's eating behaviors. The Mediterranean diet, which is one of the healthiest diets in the world thanks to its comprehensive vitamin and mineral content, has also been reported to be protective against COVID-19. In our study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between parents' anxiety levels and KIDMED scores, which measure their children's compliance with the Mediterranean diet. The questionnaire form, which was created using the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS), was delivered to the parents by snowball method. In total, 589 parents were reached. Conditions such as parental gender, relationship status, number of children, and dietary supplement use before COVID-19 were only significantly associated with BAI. (p<0,05). Pearson correlation coefficient showed that the CAS and BAI score was weakly associated with the KIDMED score (0,39*; 0,01 and 0,14*;0,01). As a result, compliance with the Mediterranean diet protects individuals against diseases. It is very important for children and adolescents, who are the individuals of the future, to have a healthy diet. To protect public health in future pandemics, healthy eating patterns such as the Mediterranean diet should be expanded.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19 KIDMED Mediterranean Diet Parental Anxiety

Kaynakça

  • Ash, T., Agaronov, A., Young, T., Aftosmes-Tobio, A., & Davison, K.K. (2017). Family-based childhood obesity prevention interventions: a systematic review and quantitative content analysis. The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 14(1), p. 113. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966- 017-0571-2
  • Bacopoulou, F., Landis, G., Rentoumis, A., Tsitsika, A., & Efthymiou, V. (2017). Mediterranean diet decreases adolescent waist circumference. European Journal of Clinical Investigation, 47(6), pp. 447–455. https://doi.org/10.1111/eci.12760
  • Bendau, A., Kunas, S.L., Wyka, S., Petzold, M.B., Plag, J., Asselmann, E., & Ströhle, A. (2021). Longitudinal changes of anxiety and depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany: The role of pre-existing anxiety, depressive, and other mental disorders. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 79, p. 102377. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2021.102377.
  • Biçer, İ., Çakmak, C., & Demir, H. (2020). Coronavirus Anxiety Scale short form: Turkish validity and reliability study. Anadolu Kliniği Tıp Bilimleri Dergisi, 25, pp. 216–225. https://doi.org/10.21673/anadoluklin.731092
  • Cena, H., & Calder, P. C. (2020). Defining a healthy diet: Evidence for the role of contemporary dietary patterns in health and disease. Nutrients, 12(2), pp. 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12020334
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021). Prevalence of childhood obesity in the United States. https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/data/childhood.html. Accessed 30 December 2023.
  • Choi, E., Lee, J., & Lee, S. A. (2022). Validation of the Korean version of the obsession with COVID-19 scale and the Coronavirus anxiety scale’, Death Studies, 46(3), pp. 608–614. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2020.1833383
  • Coulthard, H., Sharps, M., Cunliffe, L., & van den Tol, A. (2021). Eating in the lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic; self-reported changes in eating behaviour, and associations with BMI, eating style, coping and health anxiety. Appetite, 161, 105082. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2020.105082
  • Çevik Güner, Ü. & Ayar, D. (2022). Pandemi sürecinde ebeveyn anksiyetesi ile çocukların korku ve davranışları arasındaki ilişki. Çocuk Dergisi, 22(2), 80-88. https://doi.org/10.26650/jchild.2022.1000600
  • Emerson, J. A., Tol, W., Caulfield, L. E., & Doocy, S. (2017). Maternal psychological distress and perceived impact on child feeding practices in South Kivu, DR Congo. Food and Nutrition Bulletin, 38(3), 319–337. https://doi.org/10.1177/0379572117714385
  • Emerson, J. A., Caulfield, L. E., Musafiri Kishimata, E., Nzanzu, J. P., & Doocy, S. (2020). Maternal mental health symptoms are positively associated with child dietary diversity and meal frequency but not nutritional status in Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. Public Health Nutrition, 23(10), 1810–1819. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980019004087
  • Esteban-Gonzalo, L., Turner, A. I., Torres, S. J., Esteban-Cornejo, I., Castro-Piñero, J., Delgado-Alfonso, Á., Marcos, A., GómezMartínez, S., & Veiga, Ó. L. (2019). Diet quality and well-being in children and adolescents: the UP&DOWN longitudinal study. The British Journal of Nutrition, 121(2), 221–231. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114518003070
  • Etikan, I., Alkassim, R., & Abubakar, S. (2016). Comparision of snowball sampling and sequential sampling technique. Biometrics and Biostatistics International Journal, 3(1), p. 55. https://doi.org/10.15406/bbij.2016.03.00055
  • Fountoulakis, K. N., Apostolidou, M. K., Atsiova, M. B., Filippidou, A. K., Florou, A. K., Gousiou, D. S., Katsara, A. R., Mantzari, S. N., Padouva-Markoulaki, M., Papatriantafyllou, E. I., Sacharidi, P. I., Tonia, A. I., Tsagalidou, E. G., Zymara, V. P., Prezerakos, P. E., Koupidis, S. A., Fountoulakis, N. K., & Chrousos, G. P. (2021). Selfreported changes in anxiety, depression and suicidality during the COVID-19 lockdown in Greece. Journal of Affective Disorders, 279, 624–629. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.10.061
  • Gayretli, S. & Sönmez Düzkaya, D. (2023). Pandemi sürecinde ebeveynlerin koronavirüs anksiyete düzeyinin ebeveyn çocuk ilişkisine etkisi. Black Sea Journal of Health Science , 6 (1) , 1-10 . https://doi.org/10.19127/bshealthscience.1148061
  • Hafiz, N. M., El-Readi, M. Z., Esheba, G., Althubiti, M., Ayoub, N., Alzahrani, A. R., Al-Ghamdi, S. S., & Eid, S. Y. (2023). The use of the nutritional supplements during the covid-19 outbreak in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 72, 102917. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2023.102917
  • Kabaran, S. & Gezer, C. (2013). Determination of the mediterranean diet and the obesity status of children and adolescents in Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus . Türkiye Çocuk Hastalıkları Dergisi,7 (1) , 11-20 . Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/tchd/issue/44391/549263
  • Kenđel Jovanović, G., Dragaš Zubalj, N., Klobučar Majanović, S., Rahelić, D., Rahelić, V., Vučak Lončar, J., & Pavičić Žeželj, S. (2021). The outcome of COVID-19 lockdown on changes in body mass index and lifestyle among Croatian schoolchildren: a crosssectional study. Nutrients, 13(11), 3788. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13113788
  • Kırşan, M. & Özcan, B. A. (2021). Adölesanlarda sağlık okuryazarlığı ve beslenme okuryazarlığının diyet kalitesine etkisi. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, (27), 532-538. https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.962135
  • Kuru Yasar, R. & Üstün Aytekin, Ö. (2021). COVID-19 ve beslenme arasındaki ilişkiye güncel bir bakış. Akademik Gıda, 19 (1) , 108- 115. https://doi.org/10.24323/akademik-gida.927735
  • Lee S. A. (2020). Coronavirus Anxiety Scale: A brief mental health screener for COVID-19 related anxiety. Death Studies, 44(7), 393–401. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2020.1748481
  • Mendeş, B., Can, B., & Yılmaz, S. (2022). COVID-19 pandemisinde bireylerin kaygı düzeylerinin ve ortoreksiya nervoza eğilimlerinin değerlendirilmesi. İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, (16), 258-270.
  • https://doi.org/10.38079/igusabder.1062225 Nittari, G., Scuri, S., Petrelli, F., Pirillo, I., di Luca, N. M., & Grappasonni, I. (2019). Fighting obesity in children from European World Health Organization member states. Epidemiological data, medical-social aspects, and prevention programs. La Clinica Terapeutica, 170(3), e223–e230. https://doi.org/10.7417/CT.2019.2137
  • Özdin, S., & Bayrak Özdin, Ş. (2020). Levels and predictors of anxiety, depression and health anxiety during COVID-19 pandemic in Turkish society: The importance of gender. The International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 66(5), 504–511. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020764020927051
  • Philippe, K., Chabanet, C., Issanchou, S., & Monnery-Patris, S. (2021). Child eating behaviors, parental feeding practices and food shopping motivations during the COVID-19 lockdown in France: (How) did they change? Appetite, 161, 105132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2021.105132
  • Ren, J., Li, X., Chen, S., Chen, S., & Nie, Y. (2020). The influence of factors such as parenting stress and social support on the state anxiety in parents of special needs children during the COVID-19 epidemic. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 565393.
  • Schou, T. M., Joca, S., Wegener, G., & Bay-Richter, C. (2021). Psychiatric and neuropsychiatric sequelae of COVID-19 - A systematic review. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 97, 328–348. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2021.07.018
  • Seremet Kürklü, N. , Kamarlı Altun, H. & Karaçil Ermumcu, M. Ş. (2023). COVID-19 pandemisinde sosyal izolasyonun çocuklarda beslenme alışkanlıkları, diyet kalitesi, yaşam tarzı değişiklikleri ve obezite üzerine etkisi. Akdeniz Tıp Dergisi , 9 (1) , 15-22. https://doi.org/10.53394/akd.959674
  • Serra-Majem, L., Ribas, L., Ngo, J., Ortega, R. M., García, A., PérezRodrigo, C., & Aranceta, J. (2004). Food, youth and the Mediterranean diet in Spain, Development of KIDMED, Mediterranean Diet Quality Index in children and adolescents. Public Health Nutrition, 7(7), 931–935. https://doi.org/10.1079/phn2004556
  • Soyanıt, Ş., Cabar, H. D. , Avcı, G. & Aydın Avcı, İ. (2022). Covid-19 pandemisi sürecinde okul çocuğuna sahip ebeveynlerin anksiyete düzeylerinin belirlenmesi. Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 16 (4), 660-669. https://doi.org/10.21763/tjfmpc.1063851
  • Sümen, A., & Evgin, D. (2022). A cross-sectional study examining selfreported anthropometric measurements with adolescents' nutrition attitudes, obesity awareness and diet quality indices during the pandemic. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 64, 133–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2022.01.018
  • Şahingöz, S. A., Özgen, L., & Yalçın, A. G. E. (2019). Akdeniz diyet kalitesi ölçeğinin (Mediterranean Diet Quality-KIDMED) geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. In Conference: 5th International Eurasian Congress on Natural Nutrition, Healthy.
  • Taylor, S., Landry, C. A., Paluszek, M. M., Fergus, T. A., McKay, D., & Asmundson, G. J. G. (2020). Development and initial validation of the COVID Stress Scales. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 72, 102232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102232
  • Tibbs, T., Haire-Joshu, D., Schechtman, K. B., Brownson, R. C., Nanney, M. S., Houston, C., & Auslander, W. (2001). The relationship between parental modeling, eating patterns, and dietary intake among African-American parents. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 101(5), 535–541. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-8223(01)00134-1
  • Tommasi, M., Toro, F., Salvia, A., & Saggino, A. (2022). Connections between children's eating habits, mental health, and parental stress. Journal of Obesity, 2022, 6728502. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/6728502
  • Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Sağlık Bakanlığı. (2015). Türkiye Beslenme Rehberi (TÜBER). https://dosyasb.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/10915,tuber-turkiyebeslenme-rehberipdf.pdf. Accessed 20 February 2023.
  • Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Sağlık Bakanlığı. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı COVID-19 bilgilendirme platformu, 2023. https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/. Accessed 20 December 2022.
  • Türkiye Diyetisyenler Derneği. Türkiye Diyetisyenler Derneği’nin koronavirüs (COVID-19) hakkında beslenme önerileri. http://www.tdd.org.tr/index.php/duyurular/69-covid-19- beslenme-onerileri. Accessed 30 December 2022.
  • Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. Coğrafi İstatistik Portalı, 2022. https://cip.tuik.gov.tr/. Accessed 20 December 2022.
  • Ulusoy, M., Sahin, N. H., & Erkmen, H. (1998). Turkish version of the Beck Anxiety Inventory: Psychometric properties. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy: An International Quarterly, 12(2), pp. 163–172.
  • UNICEF. (2019). The State of the World’s Children 2019 Growing well in a changing world Children, food and nutrition. https://www.unicef.org/media/60811/file/SOWC-2019-Execsummary.pdf. Accessed 20 December 2022.
  • Villodres, G. C., García-Pérez, L., Corpas, J. M., & Muros, J. J. (2021). Influence of confinement due to COVID-19 on physical activity and mediterranean diet adherence and its relationship with selfesteem in pre-adolescent students. Children (Basel, Switzerland), 8(10), 848. https://doi.org/10.3390/children8100848
  • Winpenny, E. M., van Sluijs, E. M. F., White, M., Klepp, K. I., Wold, B., & Lien, N. (2018). Changes in diet through adolescence and early adulthood: longitudinal trajectories and association with key life transitions. The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 15(1), 86. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-018-0719-8
  • World Health Organization. (2023). WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard. https://covid19.who.int/. Accessed 25 December 2022.
  • World Health Organization. Nutrition and COVID-19. https://www.emro.who.int/nutrition/covid-19/index.html. Accessed 25 December 2022.
  • World Medical Association. (2018). WMA Declaratıon of Helsınkı – ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. https://www.wma.net/policies-post/wma-declaration-ofhelsinki-ethical-principles-for-medical-research-involvinghuman-subjects/. Accessed 25 December 2022.
  • Wu, M., Xu, W., Yao, Y., Zhang, L., Guo, L., Fan, J., & Chen, J. (2020). Mental health status of students’ parents during COVID-19 pandemic and its influence factors. General Psychiatry, 33(4).
  • Yılmazbaş, P. & Gökçay, G. (2018). Çocukluk çağı obezitesi ve önlenmesi. Çocuk Dergisi, 18 (3), 103-112 . https://doi.org/10.5222/j.child.2018.59389
Toplam 48 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Elif Nur Elçi 0009-0003-5266-5450

Başak Can 0000-0002-0608-6496

Sine Yılmaz 0000-0002-2592-9057

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Ağustos 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023

Kaynak Göster

APA Elçi, E. N., Can, B., & Yılmaz, S. (2023). Parental Anxiety and Children’s Mediterranean Diet Quality Index during the COVID-19 pandemic. Instıtute of Health Sciences Journal, 8(2), 199-206. https://doi.org/10.51754/cusbed.1278492

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