Öz
Amaç: Doğum sonrası dönemdeki kadınların vajinal muayene deneyimlerini incelemektir. Yöntem: Bu araştırma niteliksel olarak, EkimKasım
2015 tarihleri arasında, Aydın’daki bir devlet hastanesinde maksimum çeşitlilik örnekleme tekniğiyle belirlenen 10 kadın ile
yapılmıştır. Veriler yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile derinlemesine görüşme yapılarak ve ses kaydı alınarak toplanmış ve içerik analizi
yoluyla çözümlenmiştir. Bulgular: Elde edilen veriler beş ana tema altında toplanmıştır. Bu temalarda kadınların vajinal muayenenin en çok
doğum nedeniyle yapıldığını bildikleri, vajinal muayene sırasında korku ve acı hissettikleri, beklentilerinin daha çok nazik davranılma ve
vajinal muayene hakkında bilgi alma olduğu belirlenmiştir. Kadınlar çoğu vajinal muayenelerinin kadın sağlık profesyonelleri tarafından
yapılmasını istediklerini ve sağlık profesyonellerinin kendilerine iyi davrandığını bildirmişlerdir. Cinsel şiddete uğrayan kadınlar vajinal
muayenede şiddet sırasında yaşadıklarına benzer duyguları yaşadıklarını, benzer tepkileri gösterdiklerini ve şiddet öyküsünü sağlık
profesyoneli ile paylaşmak istediklerini bildirmişlerdir. Sonuç ve Öneriler: Bu çalışmada kadınların vajinal muayene sırasında daha çok
korku ve acı hissettikleri, sağlık profesyonelinin cinsiyetinin ve davranışlarının bu deneyimi etkilediği, cinsel şiddet öyküsünün vajinal
muayene deneyimlerini olumsuz etkilediği sonuçlarına varılmıştır. Bakımda bu sonuçların dikkate alınması ile kadınların deneyimleri daha
olumlu duruma dönüştürülebilir ve yaşadıkları travma azaltılabilir
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Baş, T., ve Akturan, U. (2008). Nitel araştırma yöntemleri NVivo 7.0 ile nitel veri analizi. (1. Baskı, sy. 21-22). Ankara: Seçkin yayıncılık.
- Bütün, M. ve Demir S.B. (Editöler). (2014). Nitel araştırma ve değerlendirme yöntemleri. Ankara: Pegem akademi.
- Debrovner, C., & Shubin-Stein, R. (1975). Psychological aspects of vaginal examinations. Medical Aspects of Human Sexuality, 9, 163-164.
- Downe, S., Gyte, G. M. L., Dahlen, H. G., & Singata, M. (2013). Routine vaginal examinations for assessing progress of labour to improve outcomes for women and babies at term. The Cochrane Collaboration, 15(7), 1-42.
- Erbil, N., Senkul, A., Sağlam, Y., & Ergul, N. (2008). Determination of attitudes with gynaecologic examination and anxiety of Turkish women before gynaecologic examination. Internatıonal Journal of Human Sciences, 5(1), 1-13.
- Erdoğan, S. (2015). Nitel araştırmalar. İçinde Hemşirelikte araştırma süreç, uygulama ve kritik (1.Baskı sy.131-164). İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitapevi.
- Frye, C. A., & Weisberg, R. B. (1994). Increasing the incidence of routine pelvic examinations: Behavioural medicine's contribution. Women and Health, 21(1), 33-55.
- Grundstrom, H., Wallin, K., & Bertero, C. (2011). ‘You expose yourself in so many ways’: young women’s experiences of pelvic examination. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynecology, 32(2), 59–64.
- Hassan, S., Sundby, J., Husseini, A., & Bjertness, E. (2012). Palestinian women’s feelings and opinions about vaginal examinations during normal childbirth: An exploratory study. The Lancet, 380(35), 35.
- Henriksen, L., Berit, S., & Mirjam, L. (2016). Lifetime sexual violence and childbirth expectations – A Norwegian population based cohort study. Midwifery, 36, 14–20.
- Hilden, M., Sidenius, K., Langhoff-Roos, J., Wijma, B., & Schei, B. (2003). Women’s experiences of the gynaecologic examination: Factors associated with discomfort. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 82(11), 1030-1036.
- Holroyd, E., Lee, Y. K., & Wong, P. Y. L. (1997). Hong Kong Chinese women’s perception of support from midwives during labour. Midwifery, 13(2), 66–72.
- Huber, J. D., Pukall, C. F., Boyer, S. C., & Reissing, E. D. (2009). “Just relax”: Physicians' experiences with women who are difficult or impossible to examine gynecologically. Journal of Medical Microbiology, 6(3), 791–799.
- Karataş, Z. (2015). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Manevi Temelli Sosyal Hizmet Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1(1), 62-80.
- Lai, C., & Levy, V. (2002). Hong Kong Chinese women’s experiences of vaginal examinations in labour. Midwifery, 18(4), 296-303.
- Larsen, M., Oldeide, C., & Malterud, K. (1997). Not so bad after all… women’s experience of pelvic examinations. The Journal of Family Practice, 14(2), 148-152.
- Lewin, D., Fearon, B., Cert, M., & Johnson, G. (2005). Women’s experiences of vaginal examinations in labour. Midwifery, 21(3), 267–277.
- Miles, B. M., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). An expanded sourcebook qualitative data analysis. (2nd ed., pp. 155-160). London: SAGE Publications.
- Muliira, R. S., Seshan, V., Ramasubramaniam, S. (2013). Improving vaginal examinations performed by midwives. Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal, 13(3), 442-449.
- Nizard, J., Haberman, S., Paltieli, Y., Gonen, R., Ohel, G., Nicholson, D., et al. (2009). How reliable is the determination of cervical dilation: comparison of vaginal examination with spatial position-tracking ruler. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 200(4), 402.e1-402.e4.
- Pikarinen, U., Saisto, T., Schei, B., Swahnberg, K., & Halmesmäki, E. (2007). Experiences of physical and sexual abuse and their ımplications for current health. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 109(5), 1116–22.
- Schei, B., Lukasse, M., Ryding, E. L., Campbell, J., Karro, H., Kristjansdottir, H., et al. (2014). A history of abuse and operative delivery–results from a European multi-country cohort study. Plos One, 9(1), e875-79.
- Stewart, M. (2005). ‘I'm just going to wash you down’: Sanitizing the vaginal examination. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 51(6), 587-594.
- Swahnberg, K., Wijma, B., & Siwe, K. (2011). Strong discomfort during vaginal examination: Why consider a history of abuse. European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, 157(2), 200–205.
- Taşkın, L. (2015). Doğum ve kadın sağlığı hemşireliği. (13. Baskı, sy. 697-734). Ankara: Akademisyen Tıp Kitapevi.
- Ortega, C., Lopez, C., Romani, F., & Correa, R. (2009). Perception and satisfaction of users of public hospitals in Panama City about vaginal examination during labor. Revista peruana de epidemiología, 13(2), 1-7.
- Wijma, B., Schei, B., Swahnberg, K., Hilden, M., Offerdal, K., Pikarinen, U., et al. (2003). Emotional, physical, and sexual abuse in patients visiting gynaecology clinics: A Nordic cross-sectional study. The Lancet, 361(9375), 2107–2113.
- Yanikkerem, E., Özdemir, M., Bingol, H., Tatar, A., & Karadeniz, G. (2009). Women’s attitudes and expectations regarding gynaecological examination. Midwifery, 25(5), 500-508.
- Yıldırım, A., ve Şimşek, H. (2005) Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. (5. Baskı, sy. 49-91). Ankara: Seçkin Yayınları.
Öz
Objective: To investigate vaginal examination experiences of women in postpartum period. Methods: This study was made qualitatively
with 10 women between October and November 2015, identified by maximum variation sampling method at a state hospital in Aydın. The
data have been collected by in-depth interviews with the semi-structured interview form and voice recording and analysed with content
analysis. Results: The data acquired from the interviews have been categorized under 5 main themes. In these themes, it was determined that
women had knowledge the vaginal examination’s reason more likely as a birth, felt fear and pain during vaginal examination, expected from
examiner as more doing handsome and giving more information about examination. Women generally wanted female health professionals
and had positive behaviour of examiner during vaginal examination. Women had a sexual violence reported same feelings and reaction
during vaginal examination while violence and wished to talk to examiner about own violence history. Conclusion: The study revealed that a
greater proportion of women felt fear and pain during vaginal examination, examiner gender and behaviour had impact on vaginal
examination, having a sexual violence history affected negatively women’s experiences during vaginal examination. Integrating of these
results into the care during vaginal examination might make a positive difference for vaginal examination experience in women and reduce
trauma of women.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Baş, T., ve Akturan, U. (2008). Nitel araştırma yöntemleri NVivo 7.0 ile nitel veri analizi. (1. Baskı, sy. 21-22). Ankara: Seçkin yayıncılık.
- Bütün, M. ve Demir S.B. (Editöler). (2014). Nitel araştırma ve değerlendirme yöntemleri. Ankara: Pegem akademi.
- Debrovner, C., & Shubin-Stein, R. (1975). Psychological aspects of vaginal examinations. Medical Aspects of Human Sexuality, 9, 163-164.
- Downe, S., Gyte, G. M. L., Dahlen, H. G., & Singata, M. (2013). Routine vaginal examinations for assessing progress of labour to improve outcomes for women and babies at term. The Cochrane Collaboration, 15(7), 1-42.
- Erbil, N., Senkul, A., Sağlam, Y., & Ergul, N. (2008). Determination of attitudes with gynaecologic examination and anxiety of Turkish women before gynaecologic examination. Internatıonal Journal of Human Sciences, 5(1), 1-13.
- Erdoğan, S. (2015). Nitel araştırmalar. İçinde Hemşirelikte araştırma süreç, uygulama ve kritik (1.Baskı sy.131-164). İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitapevi.
- Frye, C. A., & Weisberg, R. B. (1994). Increasing the incidence of routine pelvic examinations: Behavioural medicine's contribution. Women and Health, 21(1), 33-55.
- Grundstrom, H., Wallin, K., & Bertero, C. (2011). ‘You expose yourself in so many ways’: young women’s experiences of pelvic examination. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynecology, 32(2), 59–64.
- Hassan, S., Sundby, J., Husseini, A., & Bjertness, E. (2012). Palestinian women’s feelings and opinions about vaginal examinations during normal childbirth: An exploratory study. The Lancet, 380(35), 35.
- Henriksen, L., Berit, S., & Mirjam, L. (2016). Lifetime sexual violence and childbirth expectations – A Norwegian population based cohort study. Midwifery, 36, 14–20.
- Hilden, M., Sidenius, K., Langhoff-Roos, J., Wijma, B., & Schei, B. (2003). Women’s experiences of the gynaecologic examination: Factors associated with discomfort. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 82(11), 1030-1036.
- Holroyd, E., Lee, Y. K., & Wong, P. Y. L. (1997). Hong Kong Chinese women’s perception of support from midwives during labour. Midwifery, 13(2), 66–72.
- Huber, J. D., Pukall, C. F., Boyer, S. C., & Reissing, E. D. (2009). “Just relax”: Physicians' experiences with women who are difficult or impossible to examine gynecologically. Journal of Medical Microbiology, 6(3), 791–799.
- Karataş, Z. (2015). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Manevi Temelli Sosyal Hizmet Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1(1), 62-80.
- Lai, C., & Levy, V. (2002). Hong Kong Chinese women’s experiences of vaginal examinations in labour. Midwifery, 18(4), 296-303.
- Larsen, M., Oldeide, C., & Malterud, K. (1997). Not so bad after all… women’s experience of pelvic examinations. The Journal of Family Practice, 14(2), 148-152.
- Lewin, D., Fearon, B., Cert, M., & Johnson, G. (2005). Women’s experiences of vaginal examinations in labour. Midwifery, 21(3), 267–277.
- Miles, B. M., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). An expanded sourcebook qualitative data analysis. (2nd ed., pp. 155-160). London: SAGE Publications.
- Muliira, R. S., Seshan, V., Ramasubramaniam, S. (2013). Improving vaginal examinations performed by midwives. Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal, 13(3), 442-449.
- Nizard, J., Haberman, S., Paltieli, Y., Gonen, R., Ohel, G., Nicholson, D., et al. (2009). How reliable is the determination of cervical dilation: comparison of vaginal examination with spatial position-tracking ruler. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 200(4), 402.e1-402.e4.
- Pikarinen, U., Saisto, T., Schei, B., Swahnberg, K., & Halmesmäki, E. (2007). Experiences of physical and sexual abuse and their ımplications for current health. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 109(5), 1116–22.
- Schei, B., Lukasse, M., Ryding, E. L., Campbell, J., Karro, H., Kristjansdottir, H., et al. (2014). A history of abuse and operative delivery–results from a European multi-country cohort study. Plos One, 9(1), e875-79.
- Stewart, M. (2005). ‘I'm just going to wash you down’: Sanitizing the vaginal examination. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 51(6), 587-594.
- Swahnberg, K., Wijma, B., & Siwe, K. (2011). Strong discomfort during vaginal examination: Why consider a history of abuse. European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, 157(2), 200–205.
- Taşkın, L. (2015). Doğum ve kadın sağlığı hemşireliği. (13. Baskı, sy. 697-734). Ankara: Akademisyen Tıp Kitapevi.
- Ortega, C., Lopez, C., Romani, F., & Correa, R. (2009). Perception and satisfaction of users of public hospitals in Panama City about vaginal examination during labor. Revista peruana de epidemiología, 13(2), 1-7.
- Wijma, B., Schei, B., Swahnberg, K., Hilden, M., Offerdal, K., Pikarinen, U., et al. (2003). Emotional, physical, and sexual abuse in patients visiting gynaecology clinics: A Nordic cross-sectional study. The Lancet, 361(9375), 2107–2113.
- Yanikkerem, E., Özdemir, M., Bingol, H., Tatar, A., & Karadeniz, G. (2009). Women’s attitudes and expectations regarding gynaecological examination. Midwifery, 25(5), 500-508.
- Yıldırım, A., ve Şimşek, H. (2005) Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. (5. Baskı, sy. 49-91). Ankara: Seçkin Yayınları.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Research Article |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 1 Mayıs 2018 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2018 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2 |
Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi ULAKBİM Türk Tıp Dizini, Türk Medline, Türkiye Atıf Dizini, Şubat 2021 tarihinden beri EBSCO Host ve 26 Ekim 2021 tarihinden itibaren DOAJ ve 18 Ocak 2022 tarihinden beri Index Copernicus tarafından indekslenmektedir.
