COVID-19 PANDEMİSİ SÜRECİNDE SAĞLIK PROFESYONELLERİNDE ÇALIŞAN SADAKATİNİ ETKİLEYEN ORGANİZASYONEL FAKTÖRLERİN İNCELENMESİ: BİR ÜNİVERSİTE HASTANESİ ÖRNEĞİ
Öz
Bu araştırma, COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde bir üniversite hastanesinde görev yapan sağlık çalışanlarının çalışan sadakati ve organizasyonel sadakat düzeylerini belirlemek, sadakat düzeylerinin sosyodemografik değişkenlere göre farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığını ortaya koymak ve çalışan sadakat düzeyini etkileyen organizasyonel faktörleri incelemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Örneklem seçiminde meslek grupları temel alınarak tabakalı rastgele örneklem yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Verilerin elde edilmesinde gönüllülük esas alınmış, yüz yüze görüşme ile anket yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma 385 sağlık çalışanının katılımı ile tamamlanmıştır (N=667). Verilerin toplanmasında sosyodemografik bilgi formu ve “Çalışan Sadakati Anketi ile Organizasyonel Sadakat ve Belirleyicileri Anketi” kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlar tanımlayıcı istatistikler, t test, ANOVA, Pearson korelasyon analizi ve çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi ile elde edilmiştir. Katılımcıların çalışan sadakati (ort:3,3±1,35) düzeylerinin orta seviyede olduğu; çalışan sadakatiyle incelenen tüm organizasyonel sadakat belirleyicileri arasında pozitif ve yüksek düzeyde anlamlı ilişkiler olduğu (r=0,736-0,856; p=0,000) belirlenmiştir. Çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi sonuçları; sadakatin organizasyonel belirleyicilerinin hep birlikte çalışan sadakati üzerindeki toplam varyansın %74’ünü açıkladığını göstermiştir. Sağlık çalışanlarının sadakatini belirleyen organizasyonel faktörlerin göreli önem sırası ise çalışan memnuniyeti (β=0,446), ücretlendirme (β=0,405) ve personel eğitimi (β=0,108) şeklindedir. Araştırma sonuçlarının sağlık çalışanlarının organizasyonel sadakatlerinin artırılması konusunda sağlık yöneticilerine rehberlik edeceği düşünülmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Çalışan sadakati organizasyonel sadakat sağlık profesyonelleri Covıd-19 pandemisi üniversite hastanesi.
Destekleyen Kurum
Bu araştırma için herhangi bir kurumsal fon desteği alınmamıştır.
Teşekkür
Bu araştırmaya gönüllü katılımlarıyla destek veren tüm sağlık profesyonellerine teşekkür ederiz.
Kaynakça
- Al-Break, L. A., Alaidrous, M. A., Alharbi, R., & Aloyuni, S. A. (2021). The Impact of level of job satisfaction on organizational loyalty among the employees of Governmental Hospitals at Majmaah City in Saudi Arabia. Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, 15(3), 748-752.
- Alpar, R. (2016). Uygulamalı İstatistik, Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik, (4. Baskı), Ankara, Detay Yayıncılık. Aluttis, C., Bishaw, T., & Frank, M. W. (2014). The workforce for health in a globalized context–global shortages and international migration, Global Health Action, 7(1), 23611.
- Altaş, S. S. (2021). Sağlık çalışanlarının örgütsel özdeşleşme, örgütsel bağlılık, örgütsel güven ve örgütsel destek algıları arasındaki ilişkiler. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 13(1), 875-891.
- Antoncic, J. A., & Antoncic, B. (2011). Employee loyalty and its impact on firm growth, International Journal of Management & Information Systems (IJMIS), 15(1), 81-87.
- Ariza-Montes, A., Giorgi, G., Leal-Rodríguez, A., & Ramírez-Sobrino, J. (2017). Authenticity and subjective wellbeing within the context of a religious organization, Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 1228.
- Briscoe, J. P., & Hall, D. T. (2006). The Interplay of boundaryless and protean careers: Combinations and implications, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 69(1), 4-18.
- Cooil, B., Keiningham, T. L., Aksoy, L., & Hsu, M. (2007). A longitudinal analysis of customer satisfaction and share of wallet: Investigating the moderating effect of customer characteristics. Journal of Marketing, 71(1), 67-83.
- Cuong, D. T. (2023). Check for updates The Best Model for Determinants Impacting Employee Loyalty. In Artificial Intelligence Application in Networks and Systems: Proceedings of 12th Computer Science On-line Conference 2023, Volume 3 (Vol. 724, p. 114). Springer Nature.
- Çınaroğlu, S., İğici, S. Ö., & Şahin, B. (2015). Hemşirelerin Organizasyonel Sadakat Düzeylerinin Belirleyicileri, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 8(1): 27-31.
- Demir, S. (2022). Comparison of normality tests in terms of sample sizes under different skewness and Kurtosis coefficients. International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education, 9(2), 397-409.
- Downey, E., Fokeladeh, H. S., & Catton, H. (2023). What the COVID-19 pandemic has exposed: The findings of five global health workforce professions. Geneva: World Health Organization; (Human Resources for Health Observer Series No. 28). Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
- Gabra, S. F., Abd-Elhamid, E. A., & Rashed, N. M. (2021). Internal Marketing and its relation to Organizational Loyalty among nursing staff. Assiut Scientific Nursing Journal, 9(26.), 124-132.
- Garren, S. T., & Osborne, K. M. (2021). Robustness of T-test Based on Skewness and Kurtosis. Journal of Advances in Mathematics and Computer Science, 102-110.
- Guillon, O., & Cezanne, C. (2014). Employee loyalty and organizational performance: A critical survey. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 27(5), 839-850.
- Hatem, G., Zeidan, J., Goossens, M., & Moreira, C. (2022). Normality testing methods and the importance of skewness and kurtosis in statistical analysis. BAU Journal-Science and Technology, 3(2), 1-7.
- Hossain, M. S., Kiumarsi, S., Yahya, S., & Hashemi, S. (2021). The effect of healthcare management and physicians’ loyalty, International Journal of Healthcare Management. 14 (1): 162-174.
- Hsu, W., Chao, Y. C., & Yang, C. H. (2023). Factors influencing home care workers’ loyalty in long-term nursing services. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 10(1), 1-13.
- Jun, M., Cai, S., & Shin, H. (2006). TQM Practice ın maquiladora: antecedents of employee satisfaction and loyalty, Journal of Operations Management, 24: 791-812.
- Kim, H. Y. (2013). Statistical notes for clinical researchers: assessing normal distribution (2) using skewness and kurtosis. Restorative dentistry & endodontics, 38(1), 52-54.
- Koç, H. & Uygur, A. (2010). Organizasyonel sadakat ve organizasyonel bağlılık: Siyasi partiler açısından bir analiz, İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi 2(4): 79-94.
- Kot-Radojewska, M., & Timenko, I. V. (2018). Employee loyalty to the organization in the context of the form of employment. Oeconomia Copernicana, 9(3), 511-527.
- Lai, C. S. (2021). Factors Affecting Employee Loyalty of Organizatıons in Vietnam. International Journal of Organizational Innovation, 14(1): 115-127.
- Meyer, John P., Bobocel, R., & Natalie J. A. (1991). Development of organizational commitment during the first year of employment: A longitudinal study of pre-and postentry ınfluences, Journal of Management, 17 (4): 717-733.
- Özdamar, K. (2003). SPSS ile Biyoistatistik. Eskişehir, Kaan Kitabevi.
- Pritchard, M. P., Havitz, M. E., & Howard, D. R. (1999). Analyzing The commitment-loyalty link in service contexts, Journal of The Academy of The Marketing Science, 27(3): 333-348.
- Rice, B., Knox, K., Rice, J., Martin, N., Fieger, P., & Fitzgerald, A. (2017). Loyal employees in difficult settings: The compounding effects of inter-professional dysfunction and employee loyalty on job tension. Personnel Review, 46(8), 1755-1769.
- Singh, A., & Rangnekar, S. (2019). Employee loyalty in Indian private hospitals: The role of demographic and employment factors, Journal of Health Management, 21(1), 128-140.
- Soukhakian, I., & Khodakarami, M. (2019). Working capital management, firm performance and macroeconomic factors: Evidence from Iran. Cogent Business & Management, 6(1), 1684227.
- Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using Multivariate Statistics. (6. Baskı). Boston, Pearson.
- Uysal, İ., & Kılıç, A. (2022). Normal dağılım ikilemi. Anadolu Journal of Educational Sciences International, 12(1), 220-248.
- Wymer, W., & Rundle-Thiele, S. (2016). Supporter loyalty: Conceptualization, measurement, and outcomes. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 45(1), 172-191.
- Vuong, B., Tung, D., Tushar, H., Quan, T., & Giao, H. (2021). Determinates of factors influencing job satisfaction and organizational loyalty, Management Science Letters, 11(1): 203-212.
- Yao, Q., Chen, R., & Cai, G. (2013). How internal marketing can cultivate psychological empowerment and enhance employee performance. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 41(4), 529-537.
- Yee, R. W., Yeung, A. C., & Cheng, T. E. (2010). An empirical study of employee loyalty, service quality and firm performance in the service ındustry, International Journal of Production Economics, 124(1), 109–120.
EXAMINATION OF ORGANIZATIONAL FACTORS AFFECTING EMPLOYEE LOYALTY IN HEALTH PROFESSIONALS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: THE EXAMPLE OF A UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL
Öz
This study was conducted to determine the levels of employee loyalty and organizational loyalty of healthcare professionals working in a university hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic, to reveal whether loyalty levels differ according to sociodemographic variables, and to examine the organizational factors affecting the level of employee loyalty. Stratified random sampling method was used in sample selection based on occupational groups. Volunteerism was taken as a basis in obtaining the data, and face-to-face interviews and questionnaire method were used. The study was completed with the participation of 385 health workers (N=667). Sociodemographic information form and "Employee Loyalty Questionnaire and Organizational Loyalty and Determinants Questionnaire" were used to collect the data. The results were obtained through descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. It was determined that the participants' level of employee loyalty (mean: 3.3±1.35) was at a medium level and that there were positive and highly significant relationships between employee loyalty and all organizational loyalty determinants (r=0.736-0.856; p=0.000). The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the organizational determinants of loyalty together explained 74% of the total variance in employee loyalty. The relative order of importance of the organizational factors determining the loyalty of healthcare workers is employee satisfaction (β=0.446), compensation (β=0.405) and staff training (β=0.108). It is thought that the results of the research will guide health managers in increasing the organizational loyalty of health employees.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Employee loyalty organizational loyalty healthcare professionals COVID-19 pandemic university hospital.
Kaynakça
- Al-Break, L. A., Alaidrous, M. A., Alharbi, R., & Aloyuni, S. A. (2021). The Impact of level of job satisfaction on organizational loyalty among the employees of Governmental Hospitals at Majmaah City in Saudi Arabia. Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, 15(3), 748-752.
- Alpar, R. (2016). Uygulamalı İstatistik, Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik, (4. Baskı), Ankara, Detay Yayıncılık. Aluttis, C., Bishaw, T., & Frank, M. W. (2014). The workforce for health in a globalized context–global shortages and international migration, Global Health Action, 7(1), 23611.
- Altaş, S. S. (2021). Sağlık çalışanlarının örgütsel özdeşleşme, örgütsel bağlılık, örgütsel güven ve örgütsel destek algıları arasındaki ilişkiler. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 13(1), 875-891.
- Antoncic, J. A., & Antoncic, B. (2011). Employee loyalty and its impact on firm growth, International Journal of Management & Information Systems (IJMIS), 15(1), 81-87.
- Ariza-Montes, A., Giorgi, G., Leal-Rodríguez, A., & Ramírez-Sobrino, J. (2017). Authenticity and subjective wellbeing within the context of a religious organization, Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 1228.
- Briscoe, J. P., & Hall, D. T. (2006). The Interplay of boundaryless and protean careers: Combinations and implications, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 69(1), 4-18.
- Cooil, B., Keiningham, T. L., Aksoy, L., & Hsu, M. (2007). A longitudinal analysis of customer satisfaction and share of wallet: Investigating the moderating effect of customer characteristics. Journal of Marketing, 71(1), 67-83.
- Cuong, D. T. (2023). Check for updates The Best Model for Determinants Impacting Employee Loyalty. In Artificial Intelligence Application in Networks and Systems: Proceedings of 12th Computer Science On-line Conference 2023, Volume 3 (Vol. 724, p. 114). Springer Nature.
- Çınaroğlu, S., İğici, S. Ö., & Şahin, B. (2015). Hemşirelerin Organizasyonel Sadakat Düzeylerinin Belirleyicileri, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 8(1): 27-31.
- Demir, S. (2022). Comparison of normality tests in terms of sample sizes under different skewness and Kurtosis coefficients. International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education, 9(2), 397-409.
- Downey, E., Fokeladeh, H. S., & Catton, H. (2023). What the COVID-19 pandemic has exposed: The findings of five global health workforce professions. Geneva: World Health Organization; (Human Resources for Health Observer Series No. 28). Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
- Gabra, S. F., Abd-Elhamid, E. A., & Rashed, N. M. (2021). Internal Marketing and its relation to Organizational Loyalty among nursing staff. Assiut Scientific Nursing Journal, 9(26.), 124-132.
- Garren, S. T., & Osborne, K. M. (2021). Robustness of T-test Based on Skewness and Kurtosis. Journal of Advances in Mathematics and Computer Science, 102-110.
- Guillon, O., & Cezanne, C. (2014). Employee loyalty and organizational performance: A critical survey. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 27(5), 839-850.
- Hatem, G., Zeidan, J., Goossens, M., & Moreira, C. (2022). Normality testing methods and the importance of skewness and kurtosis in statistical analysis. BAU Journal-Science and Technology, 3(2), 1-7.
- Hossain, M. S., Kiumarsi, S., Yahya, S., & Hashemi, S. (2021). The effect of healthcare management and physicians’ loyalty, International Journal of Healthcare Management. 14 (1): 162-174.
- Hsu, W., Chao, Y. C., & Yang, C. H. (2023). Factors influencing home care workers’ loyalty in long-term nursing services. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 10(1), 1-13.
- Jun, M., Cai, S., & Shin, H. (2006). TQM Practice ın maquiladora: antecedents of employee satisfaction and loyalty, Journal of Operations Management, 24: 791-812.
- Kim, H. Y. (2013). Statistical notes for clinical researchers: assessing normal distribution (2) using skewness and kurtosis. Restorative dentistry & endodontics, 38(1), 52-54.
- Koç, H. & Uygur, A. (2010). Organizasyonel sadakat ve organizasyonel bağlılık: Siyasi partiler açısından bir analiz, İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi 2(4): 79-94.
- Kot-Radojewska, M., & Timenko, I. V. (2018). Employee loyalty to the organization in the context of the form of employment. Oeconomia Copernicana, 9(3), 511-527.
- Lai, C. S. (2021). Factors Affecting Employee Loyalty of Organizatıons in Vietnam. International Journal of Organizational Innovation, 14(1): 115-127.
- Meyer, John P., Bobocel, R., & Natalie J. A. (1991). Development of organizational commitment during the first year of employment: A longitudinal study of pre-and postentry ınfluences, Journal of Management, 17 (4): 717-733.
- Özdamar, K. (2003). SPSS ile Biyoistatistik. Eskişehir, Kaan Kitabevi.
- Pritchard, M. P., Havitz, M. E., & Howard, D. R. (1999). Analyzing The commitment-loyalty link in service contexts, Journal of The Academy of The Marketing Science, 27(3): 333-348.
- Rice, B., Knox, K., Rice, J., Martin, N., Fieger, P., & Fitzgerald, A. (2017). Loyal employees in difficult settings: The compounding effects of inter-professional dysfunction and employee loyalty on job tension. Personnel Review, 46(8), 1755-1769.
- Singh, A., & Rangnekar, S. (2019). Employee loyalty in Indian private hospitals: The role of demographic and employment factors, Journal of Health Management, 21(1), 128-140.
- Soukhakian, I., & Khodakarami, M. (2019). Working capital management, firm performance and macroeconomic factors: Evidence from Iran. Cogent Business & Management, 6(1), 1684227.
- Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using Multivariate Statistics. (6. Baskı). Boston, Pearson.
- Uysal, İ., & Kılıç, A. (2022). Normal dağılım ikilemi. Anadolu Journal of Educational Sciences International, 12(1), 220-248.
- Wymer, W., & Rundle-Thiele, S. (2016). Supporter loyalty: Conceptualization, measurement, and outcomes. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 45(1), 172-191.
- Vuong, B., Tung, D., Tushar, H., Quan, T., & Giao, H. (2021). Determinates of factors influencing job satisfaction and organizational loyalty, Management Science Letters, 11(1): 203-212.
- Yao, Q., Chen, R., & Cai, G. (2013). How internal marketing can cultivate psychological empowerment and enhance employee performance. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 41(4), 529-537.
- Yee, R. W., Yeung, A. C., & Cheng, T. E. (2010). An empirical study of employee loyalty, service quality and firm performance in the service ındustry, International Journal of Production Economics, 124(1), 109–120.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi |
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 28 Aralık 2023 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2023 Cilt: 26 Sayı: 4 |
