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Yaşlılıkta Beslenme Durumunu Etkileyen Engellilik Sorunlarına Karşı Uygulanan Beslenme Çözümleri

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 435 - 440, 31.05.2022

Öz

Yaşlanma her canlıda görülen, tüm işlevlerde azalmaya sebep olan, evrensel bir süreçtir. Dünya genelinde yaşlı nüfusun hızla arttığı görülmekte ve 2050 yılında her 6 kişiden birinin 65 yaş ve üzerinde olacağı tahmin edilmektedir. Fizyolojik bir süreç olan yaşlılık, bireylerin aktivite düzeyini ve işlevselliğini azaltan/sınırlayan, onları sosyal, fiziksel ve duygusal olarak farklı derecelerde bağımlı kılabilen bir dönemdir. Yaşın ilerlemesiyle fizyolojik, psikolojik, bilişsel, sosyal alanlarda değişiklikler görülmekte, bireyin bilişsel ve fonksiyonel kapasitesi azalırken kronik hastalıkların sayısı artabilmektedir. Yaşlılığa bağlı hastalıkların önlenmesinde, geciktirilmesinde ve tedavisinde beslenme durumunun korunması ve iyileştirilmesi önemlidir. Yaşlı yetişkinlerin beslenme durumunu etkileyen sorunlara karşı uygulanan beslenme çözümlerinin beslenme durumunun iyileştirilmesinde etkili olduğu görülmekte, bu uygulamaların çoğaltılması ve yaygınlaştırılması gerekmektedir. Yaşlı yetişkinlere yönelik beslenme hizmeti uygulamaları; yaşlılıkta besin güvencesizliğini giderme, yaşlı yetişkinlerdeki çeşitli engellilik durumlarının beslenme durumunu olumsuz etkileme olasılığını azaltma ve sosyal yaşamı zenginleştirme potansiyeline sahiptir. Bu kapsamda literatürde günlük yaşam aktivitelerini destekleyici akıllı cihazlar ve teknolojiler, ShopWell, Nutrihealth, MyPlate, PlateJoy gibi mobil, SmoothFood, Meals on Wheels gibi yemek dağıtım uygulamalarının olduğu görülmektedir. Beslenmeye yardımcı teknolojik cihazlar sayesinde yaralanmaların önüne geçilip, sosyal destek sağlayan beslenme hizmeti uygulamaları ile yaşlı yetişkinlerin aktif yaşama sağlıkla devam etmeleri, beslenme durumlarını iyileştirmeleri sağlanabilir. Bu konuda yurtdışında, Türkiye’ye göre daha çeşitli uygulamalar bulunmaktadır. Ülkemizde de yaşlı yetişkinlere yönelik beslenme hizmeti uygulamalarının çeşitlerinin artırılması ve uygulama sonuçlarının izlenmesi önerilmektedir. Bu makalede yaşlılıkta beslenme durumunu etkileyen engellilik sorunlarına yönelik beslenme çözümleri derlenmiştir.

Destekleyen Kurum

YOK

Proje Numarası

YOK

Teşekkür

YOK

Kaynakça

  • Simmons, S. F., Cleeton, P. ve Porchak, T. Resident complaints about the nursing home food service: Relationship to cognitive status. Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences. 2009;64B(3), 324-327.
  • Tanyel, E., Taşdelen Fışgın, N., Tülek, N. ve Leblebicioğlu, H. Yaşlı Hastalardaki Üriner Sistem İnfeksiyonlarının Değerlendirilmesi. İnfeksiyon Dergisi. 2006;20(2), 87-91.
  • Chao, S. ve Dwyer, J. Food and nutrition services in assisted living facilities, boon or big disappointment for elder nutrition? Generations. 2004;Fall-XXVIII(3), 72-77.
  • Reimer, H. D. ve Keller, H. H. Mealtimes in nursing homes: Striving for person-centered care. Journal of Nutrition for the Elderly. 2009;Oct- 28(4), 327-347.
  • World Health Organization. International classification of functioning, disability and health. Cenevre: Publications of the World Health Organization; 2001. 311 p.
  • Akdeniz M, Yaman A, Tufan İ, Yaman H. Yaşlılık ve engellilik. STED. 2009:18(5);7-10.
  • OECD. The 2018 Global Disability Summit - towards a step-change in disability inclusion, in Case Studies on Leaving No One Behind: A companion volume to the Development Co-operation Report 2018. Paris: OECD Publishing; 2018. p. 111-113.
  • Dünya Sağlık Örgütü. Dünya Engellilik Raporu. Ankara: 2011. 337 p.
  • Robine JM, Michel JP. Looking forward to a general theory on population aging. The Journals of Gerontology. Series a, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences. 2004;59:590-597.
  • United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. World population prospects: The 2006 revision. New York: United Nations Publication; 2007. 793 p.
  • ailevecalisma.gov [Internet]. Ankara: Engelli ve Yaşlı Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü; 2021 [cited 2021 Mayıs 8]. Available from: https:// www.ailevecalisma.gov.tr/media/73073/eyhgm_istatistik_bulteni_ subat2021.pdf.
  • ailevecalisma.gov [Internet]. Ankara: Nüfus ve Konut Araştırması (Engellilik); 2011 [cited 2021 Mayıs 9]. Available from: https://www. ailevecalisma.gov.tr/media/5657/nka-internete-verilecek-2-5.pdf.
  • Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Disability and its relationship to health conditions and other factors. Kanberra: AIHW; 2004. 155 p.
  • Lin SF, Beck AN, Finch BK. The Dynamic contribution of chronic conditions to temporal trends in disability among U.S. adults. Disabil Health J. 2016 Apr;9(2):332-40. doi: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2015.11.006.
  • Pujilestari CU, Nyström L, Norberg M, Ng N. Association between changes in waist circumferences and disability among older adults: WHO-INDEPTH study on global ageing and adult health (SAGE) in Indonesia. Obes Res Clin Pract. 2019 Sep-Oct;13(5):462-468.
  • Chen S, Qin J, Li Y, Wei Y, Long B, Cai J, Tang Jet al. Disability and its influencing factors among the elderly in a county, Guangxi Province, China. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Sep 9;15(9):1967.
  • Lafortune G, Balestat G. Trends in severe disability among elderly people: Assessing the evidence in 12 OECD countries and the future implications [OECD Health Working Papers No. 26]. Paris, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2007 (http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/13/8/38343783.pdf, accessed 9 Mayıs 2021).
  • ailevecalisma.gov [Internet]. Ankara: Engelli ve Yaşlı Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü; 2018 [cited 2021 Haziran 5]. Available from: https:// ailevecalisma.gov.tr/media/9323/kitaptuerkiyede-yaslilara-yonelik-hizmetler-kurumsal-ya%C5%9Fl%C4%B1-bak%C4%B1m%C4%B1- ve-illerin-durumu2018.pdf.
  • Caulfield LE et al. Stunting, wasting and micronutrient deficiency disorders. In: Jamison DT et al., eds. Disease control priorities in developing countries. Washington, Oxford University Press and World Bank. 2006:551-567.
  • Aksoydan E. Yaşlılık ve Beslenme. Ankara: Başkent Üniversitesi; 2008. 45 p.
  • hsgm.saglik.gov [Internet]. Ankara: Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü; 2017 [cited 2021 Ocak 21]. Available from: https://hsgm. saglik.gov.tr/tr/beslenme/yaslilikta-beslenme.html.
  • Adams PE, Martinez ME, Vickerie JL, Kirzinger WK. Summary health statistics for the U.S. population: National Health Interview Survey, 2010. Vital Health Stat 10. 2011 Dec;(251):1-117.
  • Dhamoon MS, Moon YP, Paik MC, Sacco RL, Elkind MS. Diabetes predicts long-term disability in an elderly urban cohort: The Northern Manhattan Study. Ann Epidemiol. 2014 May;24(5):362-368.
  • Ganhão-Arranhado S, Paúl C, Ramalho R, Pereira P. Food insecurity, weight and nutritional status among older adults attending senior centres in Lisbon. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2018 Sep- Oct;78:81-88.
  • Bishop NJ, Wang K. Food insecurity, comorbidity, and mobility limitations among older U.S. adults: Findings from the Health and Retirement Study and Health Care and Nutrition Study. Prev Med. 2018 Sep;114:180-187.
  • Coleman-Jensen A. U.S food insecurity and population trends with a focus on adults with disabilities. Physiol Behav. 2020 Jun 1;220:112865.
  • Saffel-Shrier S, Johnson MA, Francis SL. Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics and the Society for Nutrition Education and Behavior: Food and Nutrition Programs for Community-Residing Older Adults. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2019 Jul-Aug;51(7):781-797.
  • Health.gov [Internet]. U.S. : 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines; 2015 [cited 2020 Aralık 18]. Available from: https://health.gov/our-work/ food-nutrition/previous-dietary-guidelines/2015.
  • Karaduman, A., Yiğiter, K., Aras, Ö. ve Yakut, Y. Yaşlılıkta Fiziksel Bağımsızlık ve Yaşam Kalitesi. Y. G. Kutsal (GEBAM) (Haz.). Yaşlılık Gerçeği. (s. 79-96). Ankara: Hacettepe Üniversitesi Hastaneleri Basımevi, 2004.
  • Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. Sağlık Araştırması 2010 (Yayın No: 3654). Ankara: Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu, 2012.
  • Asahi.com [Internet].Japan: ‘Robo Cart’ Leads Shoppers To İtems While Practicing Social Distancing;2020 [cited 2020 Aralık 5]. Available from: http://www.asahi.com/ajw/articles/13561871.
  • Alert-1.com [Internet]. USA: Kitchen 2.0: Alert1 Rates Kitchen Technology for Modern Seniors;2020 [cited 2020 Aralık 4]. Available from: https://www.alert-1.com/content/new-senior-care-technology-for-the-kitchen/3324.
  • Tseng P, Napier B, Garbarini L, Kaplan DL, Omenetto FG. Functional, RF-trilayer sensors for tooth-mounted, wireless monitoring of the oral cavity and food consumption. Adv Mater. 2018 May;30(18):e1703257. doi: 10.1002/adma.201703257.
  • Amerikaninsesi.com [Internet].Türkiye:Parkinson Hastaları İçin Akıllı Kaşık;2014[cited 2020 Aralık 9]. Available from: https://www. amerikaninsesi.com/a/parkinson-hastalar%C4%B1-i%C3%A7in-ak%C4%B1ll%C4%B1-ka%C5%9F%C4%B1k/1862874.html.
  • Miller HJ. Dehydration in the older adult. J Gerontol Nurs. 2015 Sep 1;41(9):8-13.
  • Easytechseniors.com [Internet]. USA: Gadgets to Prevent Elderly Dehydration; 2020 [cited 2021 Ocak 18]. Available from: https://www. easytechseniors.com/gadgets-to-prevent-elderly-dehydration/.
  • Wang RH, Sudhama A, Begum M, Huq R, Mihailidis A. Robots to assist daily activities: views of older adults with Alzheimer’s disease and their caregivers. Int Psychogeriatr. 2017 Jan;29(1):67-79.
  • Contador I, Bermejo-Pareja F, Fernández-Calvo B, LLamas S, Villarejo A, Vega S, Benito-León J. Disability subtypes and mortality rates in older adults: A longitudinal population-based study (NEDICES). Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2019 Jan-Feb;80:88-94.
  • White JV, Guenter P, Jensen G, Malone A, Schofield M; Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Malnutrition Work Group; A.S.P.E.N. Malnutrition Task Force; A.S.P.E.N. Board of Directors. Consensus statement of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics/American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition: Characteristics recommended for the identification and documentation of adult malnutrition (undernutrition). J Acad Nutr Diet. 2012 May;112(5):730-8.
  • Shopwell.com [Internet].USA:Join the ShopWell Movement;2010 [cited 2020 Aralık 28]. Available from: http://www.shopwell.com/.
  • Farsjø C, Moen A. New app can give nutritional support to home-dwelling elderly. Sykepleien Forskning. 2016;11(2):166-172.
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Nutritional Solutions Against Disability Problems Affecting Nutritional Status in Old Age

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 435 - 440, 31.05.2022

Öz

Aging is a universal process seen in every living being and causes decrease in all functions. Older population is increasing rapidly around the world; one of every 6 people is predicted to be 65 years and older by 2050. Aging, being a physiological process, is a period that reduces/ limits the activity level and functionality of individuals and may make them socially, physically and emotionally dependent to different degrees. Changes are observed in physiological, psychological, cognitive and social areas as age progresses. While cognitive and functional capacity decreases, number of chronic diseases may increase. It is important to maintain and improve nutritional status in the prevention, delay and treatment of aging related diseases. Nutritional solutions applied against problems affecting nutritional status of older adults are efficient in improving the nutritional status, and they should be increased and disseminated. Nutritional service practices for older adults have the potential to reduce food insecurity in old age, reduce the possibility of various disability conditions which may affect nutritional status negatively, and enrich social life. In this context, there are smart devices and technologies that support daily living activities, mobile applications such as ShopWell, Nutrihealth, MyPlate, PlateJoy, and food delivery applications such as SmoothFood, Meals on Wheels in the literature. Disability and injuries may be prevented thanks to the technological devices that assist nutrition, it may be ensured that older adults can continue their active lives in a healthy way and improve their nutritional status with nutritional service applications providing social support. In this regard, there are more diverse those applications abroad than in Turkey. In our country, it is recommended to increase the variety of nutrition service applications for older adults and to monitor the results of applications. In this article, nutritional solutions for disability problems affecting nutritional status in old age were reviewed.

Proje Numarası

YOK

Kaynakça

  • Simmons, S. F., Cleeton, P. ve Porchak, T. Resident complaints about the nursing home food service: Relationship to cognitive status. Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences. 2009;64B(3), 324-327.
  • Tanyel, E., Taşdelen Fışgın, N., Tülek, N. ve Leblebicioğlu, H. Yaşlı Hastalardaki Üriner Sistem İnfeksiyonlarının Değerlendirilmesi. İnfeksiyon Dergisi. 2006;20(2), 87-91.
  • Chao, S. ve Dwyer, J. Food and nutrition services in assisted living facilities, boon or big disappointment for elder nutrition? Generations. 2004;Fall-XXVIII(3), 72-77.
  • Reimer, H. D. ve Keller, H. H. Mealtimes in nursing homes: Striving for person-centered care. Journal of Nutrition for the Elderly. 2009;Oct- 28(4), 327-347.
  • World Health Organization. International classification of functioning, disability and health. Cenevre: Publications of the World Health Organization; 2001. 311 p.
  • Akdeniz M, Yaman A, Tufan İ, Yaman H. Yaşlılık ve engellilik. STED. 2009:18(5);7-10.
  • OECD. The 2018 Global Disability Summit - towards a step-change in disability inclusion, in Case Studies on Leaving No One Behind: A companion volume to the Development Co-operation Report 2018. Paris: OECD Publishing; 2018. p. 111-113.
  • Dünya Sağlık Örgütü. Dünya Engellilik Raporu. Ankara: 2011. 337 p.
  • Robine JM, Michel JP. Looking forward to a general theory on population aging. The Journals of Gerontology. Series a, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences. 2004;59:590-597.
  • United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. World population prospects: The 2006 revision. New York: United Nations Publication; 2007. 793 p.
  • ailevecalisma.gov [Internet]. Ankara: Engelli ve Yaşlı Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü; 2021 [cited 2021 Mayıs 8]. Available from: https:// www.ailevecalisma.gov.tr/media/73073/eyhgm_istatistik_bulteni_ subat2021.pdf.
  • ailevecalisma.gov [Internet]. Ankara: Nüfus ve Konut Araştırması (Engellilik); 2011 [cited 2021 Mayıs 9]. Available from: https://www. ailevecalisma.gov.tr/media/5657/nka-internete-verilecek-2-5.pdf.
  • Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Disability and its relationship to health conditions and other factors. Kanberra: AIHW; 2004. 155 p.
  • Lin SF, Beck AN, Finch BK. The Dynamic contribution of chronic conditions to temporal trends in disability among U.S. adults. Disabil Health J. 2016 Apr;9(2):332-40. doi: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2015.11.006.
  • Pujilestari CU, Nyström L, Norberg M, Ng N. Association between changes in waist circumferences and disability among older adults: WHO-INDEPTH study on global ageing and adult health (SAGE) in Indonesia. Obes Res Clin Pract. 2019 Sep-Oct;13(5):462-468.
  • Chen S, Qin J, Li Y, Wei Y, Long B, Cai J, Tang Jet al. Disability and its influencing factors among the elderly in a county, Guangxi Province, China. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Sep 9;15(9):1967.
  • Lafortune G, Balestat G. Trends in severe disability among elderly people: Assessing the evidence in 12 OECD countries and the future implications [OECD Health Working Papers No. 26]. Paris, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2007 (http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/13/8/38343783.pdf, accessed 9 Mayıs 2021).
  • ailevecalisma.gov [Internet]. Ankara: Engelli ve Yaşlı Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü; 2018 [cited 2021 Haziran 5]. Available from: https:// ailevecalisma.gov.tr/media/9323/kitaptuerkiyede-yaslilara-yonelik-hizmetler-kurumsal-ya%C5%9Fl%C4%B1-bak%C4%B1m%C4%B1- ve-illerin-durumu2018.pdf.
  • Caulfield LE et al. Stunting, wasting and micronutrient deficiency disorders. In: Jamison DT et al., eds. Disease control priorities in developing countries. Washington, Oxford University Press and World Bank. 2006:551-567.
  • Aksoydan E. Yaşlılık ve Beslenme. Ankara: Başkent Üniversitesi; 2008. 45 p.
  • hsgm.saglik.gov [Internet]. Ankara: Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü; 2017 [cited 2021 Ocak 21]. Available from: https://hsgm. saglik.gov.tr/tr/beslenme/yaslilikta-beslenme.html.
  • Adams PE, Martinez ME, Vickerie JL, Kirzinger WK. Summary health statistics for the U.S. population: National Health Interview Survey, 2010. Vital Health Stat 10. 2011 Dec;(251):1-117.
  • Dhamoon MS, Moon YP, Paik MC, Sacco RL, Elkind MS. Diabetes predicts long-term disability in an elderly urban cohort: The Northern Manhattan Study. Ann Epidemiol. 2014 May;24(5):362-368.
  • Ganhão-Arranhado S, Paúl C, Ramalho R, Pereira P. Food insecurity, weight and nutritional status among older adults attending senior centres in Lisbon. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2018 Sep- Oct;78:81-88.
  • Bishop NJ, Wang K. Food insecurity, comorbidity, and mobility limitations among older U.S. adults: Findings from the Health and Retirement Study and Health Care and Nutrition Study. Prev Med. 2018 Sep;114:180-187.
  • Coleman-Jensen A. U.S food insecurity and population trends with a focus on adults with disabilities. Physiol Behav. 2020 Jun 1;220:112865.
  • Saffel-Shrier S, Johnson MA, Francis SL. Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics and the Society for Nutrition Education and Behavior: Food and Nutrition Programs for Community-Residing Older Adults. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2019 Jul-Aug;51(7):781-797.
  • Health.gov [Internet]. U.S. : 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines; 2015 [cited 2020 Aralık 18]. Available from: https://health.gov/our-work/ food-nutrition/previous-dietary-guidelines/2015.
  • Karaduman, A., Yiğiter, K., Aras, Ö. ve Yakut, Y. Yaşlılıkta Fiziksel Bağımsızlık ve Yaşam Kalitesi. Y. G. Kutsal (GEBAM) (Haz.). Yaşlılık Gerçeği. (s. 79-96). Ankara: Hacettepe Üniversitesi Hastaneleri Basımevi, 2004.
  • Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. Sağlık Araştırması 2010 (Yayın No: 3654). Ankara: Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu, 2012.
  • Asahi.com [Internet].Japan: ‘Robo Cart’ Leads Shoppers To İtems While Practicing Social Distancing;2020 [cited 2020 Aralık 5]. Available from: http://www.asahi.com/ajw/articles/13561871.
  • Alert-1.com [Internet]. USA: Kitchen 2.0: Alert1 Rates Kitchen Technology for Modern Seniors;2020 [cited 2020 Aralık 4]. Available from: https://www.alert-1.com/content/new-senior-care-technology-for-the-kitchen/3324.
  • Tseng P, Napier B, Garbarini L, Kaplan DL, Omenetto FG. Functional, RF-trilayer sensors for tooth-mounted, wireless monitoring of the oral cavity and food consumption. Adv Mater. 2018 May;30(18):e1703257. doi: 10.1002/adma.201703257.
  • Amerikaninsesi.com [Internet].Türkiye:Parkinson Hastaları İçin Akıllı Kaşık;2014[cited 2020 Aralık 9]. Available from: https://www. amerikaninsesi.com/a/parkinson-hastalar%C4%B1-i%C3%A7in-ak%C4%B1ll%C4%B1-ka%C5%9F%C4%B1k/1862874.html.
  • Miller HJ. Dehydration in the older adult. J Gerontol Nurs. 2015 Sep 1;41(9):8-13.
  • Easytechseniors.com [Internet]. USA: Gadgets to Prevent Elderly Dehydration; 2020 [cited 2021 Ocak 18]. Available from: https://www. easytechseniors.com/gadgets-to-prevent-elderly-dehydration/.
  • Wang RH, Sudhama A, Begum M, Huq R, Mihailidis A. Robots to assist daily activities: views of older adults with Alzheimer’s disease and their caregivers. Int Psychogeriatr. 2017 Jan;29(1):67-79.
  • Contador I, Bermejo-Pareja F, Fernández-Calvo B, LLamas S, Villarejo A, Vega S, Benito-León J. Disability subtypes and mortality rates in older adults: A longitudinal population-based study (NEDICES). Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2019 Jan-Feb;80:88-94.
  • White JV, Guenter P, Jensen G, Malone A, Schofield M; Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Malnutrition Work Group; A.S.P.E.N. Malnutrition Task Force; A.S.P.E.N. Board of Directors. Consensus statement of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics/American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition: Characteristics recommended for the identification and documentation of adult malnutrition (undernutrition). J Acad Nutr Diet. 2012 May;112(5):730-8.
  • Shopwell.com [Internet].USA:Join the ShopWell Movement;2010 [cited 2020 Aralık 28]. Available from: http://www.shopwell.com/.
  • Farsjø C, Moen A. New app can give nutritional support to home-dwelling elderly. Sykepleien Forskning. 2016;11(2):166-172.
  • Joingpapa.com [Internet]. USA:Papa Pal;2020. [cited 2020 Aralık 28]. Available from: https://www.joinpapa.com/.
  • Mahideol.com [Internet]. Thai: Development of Educational Digital Media of Food and Nutrition for Thai Elderly using Multimedia Applications (MAs); 2019 [cited 2020 Aralık 29]. Available from: https:// op.mahidol.ac.th/ra/en/2019/10/24/ph_2562-01-2/ .
  • Lichtenstein AH, Rasmussen H, Yu WW, Epstein SR. Modified mypyramid for older adults. Journal of Nutrition. 2008;138(1):5-11.
  • Homestyledirect.com [Internet].USA:The Widest Variety of Delicious,Pre-Cooked, Healthy Meals Delivered to You; 2021 [cited 2021 Ocak 11]. Available from: https://www.homestyledirect.com/.
  • Fns.usda.gov [Inretnet]. USA: Commodity Supplemental Food Program;2011 [cited 2020 Aralık 26]. Available from: https://www.fns. usda.gov/csfp/commodity-supplemental-food-program Food and Nutrition Service; 2011.
  • Platejoy.com [Internet]. USA: Custom meal plans, personalized recipes and grocery lists to help you save time and eat better; 2020 [cited 2020 Aralık 23]. Available from:20 https://www.platejoy.com/.
  • Federal Interagency Forum on Aging-Related Statistics. Older Americans 2016 Key Indicators of Well-Being. Washington: US Government Printing Office; 2016. 179 p.
  • Huduser.gov [Internet]. USA: Measuring the costs and savings of aging in place;2013 [cited 2021 Şubat 15]. Available from: https://www.huduser.gov/portal/periodicals/em/fall13/highlight2. html.
  • Lozano M, Manyes L, Peiró J, Montes F. Geographic conditioning in dietary, social, and health patterns in elderly population with disabilities. Nutrition. 2019;57:17-23.
  • Kowlessar N, Robinson K, Schur C. Older americans benefit from older americans act nutrition programs. Research Brief. 2015;8:1-8.
  • Wright L, Vance L, Sudduth C, Epps JB. The impact of a home-delivered meal program on nutritional risk, dietary ıntake, food security, loneliness, and social well-being. J Nutr Gerontol Geriatr. 2015;34(2):218- 27. doi: 10.1080/21551197.2015.1022681.
  • Smoothfood.com [Internet]. Germany: Versorgung von Menschen mit Kau- und Schluckbeschwerden / Dysphagie;2020 [cited 2020 Aralık 23]. Available from: https://smoothfood.de/.
  • Yin Z, Yang J, Huang C, Sun H, Wu Y. Eating and communication difficulties as mediators of the relationship between tooth loss and functional disability in middle-aged and older adults. Journal of Dentistry. 2020;96:1-6.
  • Adıgüzel E, Tek N. Evde bakım hizmeti alan yaşlı bireylerin beslenme durumlarına ilişkin bazı özelliklerin yaşam kalitesi üzerine etkisi. Yaşlı Sorunları Araştırma Dergisi. 2018;11(1):19-25.
  • Mealsonwheelsmd.org [Internet].USA:Fresh Meals, Better Health, Economic Stability Delivered with Care;2021 [cited 2021 Şubat 10]. Available from: https://www.mealsonwheelsmd.org/.
  • Gualtieri MC, Donley AM, Wright JD, Vega SS. Home Delivered Meals to Older Adults: A Critical Review of the Literature. Home Healthc Now. 2018 May/Jun;36(3):159-168. doi: 10.1097/NHH.0000000000000665.
  • Fns.usda.gov [Internet].USA:Senior Farmers’ Market Nutrition Program;2011 [cited 2020 Aralık 13]. Available from: https://www.fns. usda.gov/sfmnp/senior-farmers-market-nutrition-program.
  • Benefits.gov [Internet]. USA:Senior Farmers’ Market Nutrition Program;2011 [cited 2020 Aralık 13]. Available from: https://www. benefits.gov/benefit/5872.
  • Freshly.com [Internet]. USA:chef cooked healty meals delivered to you;2020 [cited 2021 Ocak 11]. Available from: https://www.freshly. com/.
Toplam 60 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Derlemeler
Yazarlar

Kübra Tonbalak 0000-0002-6483-1132

Dilek Ongan 0000-0001-8948-9057

Proje Numarası YOK
Erken Görünüm Tarihi 30 Mayıs 2022
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Mayıs 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 1 Temmuz 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Tonbalak, K., & Ongan, D. (2022). Yaşlılıkta Beslenme Durumunu Etkileyen Engellilik Sorunlarına Karşı Uygulanan Beslenme Çözümleri. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 7(2), 435-440.
AMA Tonbalak K, Ongan D. Yaşlılıkta Beslenme Durumunu Etkileyen Engellilik Sorunlarına Karşı Uygulanan Beslenme Çözümleri. İKÇÜSBFD. Mayıs 2022;7(2):435-440.
Chicago Tonbalak, Kübra, ve Dilek Ongan. “Yaşlılıkta Beslenme Durumunu Etkileyen Engellilik Sorunlarına Karşı Uygulanan Beslenme Çözümleri”. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi 7, sy. 2 (Mayıs 2022): 435-40.
EndNote Tonbalak K, Ongan D (01 Mayıs 2022) Yaşlılıkta Beslenme Durumunu Etkileyen Engellilik Sorunlarına Karşı Uygulanan Beslenme Çözümleri. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi 7 2 435–440.
IEEE K. Tonbalak ve D. Ongan, “Yaşlılıkta Beslenme Durumunu Etkileyen Engellilik Sorunlarına Karşı Uygulanan Beslenme Çözümleri”, İKÇÜSBFD, c. 7, sy. 2, ss. 435–440, 2022.
ISNAD Tonbalak, Kübra - Ongan, Dilek. “Yaşlılıkta Beslenme Durumunu Etkileyen Engellilik Sorunlarına Karşı Uygulanan Beslenme Çözümleri”. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi 7/2 (Mayıs 2022), 435-440.
JAMA Tonbalak K, Ongan D. Yaşlılıkta Beslenme Durumunu Etkileyen Engellilik Sorunlarına Karşı Uygulanan Beslenme Çözümleri. İKÇÜSBFD. 2022;7:435–440.
MLA Tonbalak, Kübra ve Dilek Ongan. “Yaşlılıkta Beslenme Durumunu Etkileyen Engellilik Sorunlarına Karşı Uygulanan Beslenme Çözümleri”. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 7, sy. 2, 2022, ss. 435-40.
Vancouver Tonbalak K, Ongan D. Yaşlılıkta Beslenme Durumunu Etkileyen Engellilik Sorunlarına Karşı Uygulanan Beslenme Çözümleri. İKÇÜSBFD. 2022;7(2):435-40.