Araştırma Makalesi
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Evaluation Of High-Risk Pregnant Women’s Adaptatıion to Pregnancy and Motherhood: A Mıxed Method Research

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 36 - 52, 31.07.2023

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada yüksek riskli gebeler ve hastanede yatan kadınların gebelik ve anneliğe uyum düzeyleri ile yüksek riskli gebelik deneyimlerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Araştırma, kesitsel ve nitel araştırma desenlerini içeren karma yöntemli bir araştırma türüdür. Araştırmanın nicel bölümü riskli gebelik tanısı ile hastaneye yatırılan 111 kadın ile, nitel bölümü ise 15 kadın ile yapılmıştır. Nicel veriler, Kişisel Bilgi Formu ve Prenatal Kendini Değerlendirme Ölçeği (PKDÖ) kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Nitel veriler derinlemesine yüz yüze görüşmeler yoluyla toplanmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen nicel veriler SPSS 25.0 programı kullanılarak, nitel veriler ise Colaizzi'nin yedi aşamalı içerik analizi yöntemiyle değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgu: Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 26± 6,1; tamamı evli olup, %90,1'i çekirdek aile yapısına sahiptir. Doğum Öncesi Kendini Değerlendirme Anketi puanı 180,1 ± 14,8 (79-316) olarak bulundu. Sosyal güvence durumu, kendisinin ve bebeğinin sağlığı hakkındaki düşünceleri (U:490; p:0,011), Annesi (U:490,5; p: 0,007) ve eşiyle ilişki düzeyi (U:480,5; p:0,008) ) alt boyutlar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Nitel araştırmanın sonuçları, kadınların yüksek riskli gebelik teşhisi konulduktan sonra döngüsel bir fedakarlık ve mücadele dönemi yaşadıklarını göstermiştir. Verilerin analizi sonucunda dört ana tema ve sekiz alt tema belirlenmiştir.
Sonuç: Kadınların yüksek riskli gebelik deneyimlerini anlamak, gebeliğe ve anneliğe uyumlarını etkileyen faktörleri analiz etmek hemşirelerin doğru ve uygun bakım uygulamalarını gerçekleştirmelerini sağlamaktadır. Ayrıca kadınların yüksek riskli gebelik deneyimi, eşleri, aile üyeleri ve sağlık profesyonelleri tarafından karşılanacak sosyal destek ihtiyacını da beraberinde getirmektedir.

Destekleyen Kurum

Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Bireysel Araştırma Projeleri

Proje Numarası

PYO.SBF.1904.18.001

Kaynakça

  • 1. Lowdermilk, D.L., Cashion, M.C., Perry, S.E., Alden, K.R., Olshansky, E. (2019). Maternity and Women's Health Care, United States of America, Elsevier Health Sciences, 441p.
  • 2. Nola Holness, C.N.M. (2018). High-risk pregnancy. Women’s Health Across the Lifespan, An Issue of Nursing Clinics, E-Book, 241p.
  • 3. World Health Organization (2019). Trends in maternal mortality: 2000 to 2017: estimates by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group and the United Nations Population Division. https://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/Maternal_mortality_report.pdf (Erişim: 21.03.2023).
  • 4. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü. (2019). 2018 Türkiye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırması. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü, T.C. ve Cumhurbaşkanlığı Strateji ve Bütçe Başkanlığı ve TÜBİTAK, Ankara, Türkiye. http://www.openaccess.hacettepe.edu.tr:8080/xmlui/handle/11655/23356 (Erişim: 21.03.2023).
  • 5. Dollberg, D.G., Rozenfeld T., Kupfermincz M. (2016). Early parental adaptation, prenatal distress, and high-risk pregnancy, Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 41(8),915-929. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsw028
  • 6. Meighan, M. (2013). Mercer's becoming a mother theory in nursing practice. In Nursing Theory-E-Book: Utilization & application. New York, Mosby, 283-295p.
  • 7. Yu, Y., Zhang, S., Wang, G., Hong, X., Mallow, E.B., Walker, S.O. … Wang, X. (2013). The combined association of psychosocial stress and chronic hypertension with preeclampsia. Am J Obstet Gynecol, 209(5), 438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2013.07.003
  • 8. Fiskin, G., Kaydirak, M.M., Oskay, U.Y. (2017). Psychosocial Adaptation and Depressive Manifestations in High‐Risk Pregnant Women: Implications for Clinical Practice. Worldviews on Evidence‐Based Nursing, 14(1), 55-64. https://doi.org/10.1111/wvn.12186
  • 9. Wilhelm, L.A., Alves, C.N., Demori, C.C., da Silva, S.C., Meincke, S.M.K., Ressel, L.B. (2015). Feelings of women who experienced a high-risk pregnancy: a descriptive study. Online Brazilian Journal of Nursing, 14(3), 284-293. https://doi.org/10.17665/1676-4285.20155206
  • 10. Isaacs, N.Z., Antipatin, M.G. (2020). A systematic review regarding women’s emotional and psychological experiences of high-risk pregnancies. BMC psychology, 8(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-020-00410-8
  • 11. Agarwal, S., Mazumder, B. (2013). Cognitive abilities and household financial decision making. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 5(1), 193–207. https://doi.org/10.1257/app.5.1.193
  • 12. Senol, D., Göl, I., Ozkan, S. (2019). The effect of health literacy levels of pregnant women on receiving prenatal care: a cross-sectional descriptive study. Int J Caring Sci, 12 (3), 1717-24. Erişim adresi: http://www.internationaljournalofcaringsciences.org/
  • 13. Yurdakul, M. (2018). Perceived social support in pregnant adolescents in Mersin area in Turkey. Pak J Med Sci, 34(1), 115. https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.341.14221
  • 14. Coskuner Potur, Ç.D., Mamuk, R., Şahin, N., Demirci, N., Hamlaci, Y. (2017) Association between fear of childbirth and maternal acceptance of pregnancy. International nursing review, 64(4), 576-583. https://doi.org/10.1111/inr.12378
  • 15. Horvath, S., Schreiber, C.A. (2017). Unintended pregnancy, induced abortion, and mental health. Current psychiatry reports, 19(11), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-017-0832-4
  • 16. Tugut, N., Golbasi, Z., Bulbul, T. (2017). Quality of sexual life and changes occurring in sexual life of women with high-risk pregnancy. J Sex Marital Ther, 43(2), 132-14. https://doi.org/10.1080/0092623X.2016.1141816
  • 17. Okumus, F., Sahin, N. (2017) Fear of childbirth in urban and rural regions of Turkey: Comparison of two resident populations. North Clin Istanb, 4(3), 247-256. https://doi.org/10.14744/nci.2017.46693
  • 18. Song, J.E., Chae, H.J., Ko, J.M., Yang, J.I., Kim, T. (2020). Effects of a maternal role adjustment program for first time mothers who use postpartum care centers (Sanhujoriwon) in South Korea: a quasi-experimental study. BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 20(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-020-02923-x
  • 19. Karaman, E.D., Dogan, N. (2018). Annelik rolü üzerine: kadının “annelik” kimliği üzerinden tahakküm altına alınması. Gumushane University e-journal of Faculty of Communication, 6(2), 1475 – 1496. https://doi.org/10.19145/e-gifder.443214
  • 20. Bhaumik, S. (2018). Understanding contemporary motherhood: A sociological study of employed women in Kolkata. International Journal of Social Science and Economic Research, 3(12), 6552-6553. Erişim adresi: http://ijsser.org/more2018.php?id=460
  • 21. Shloim, N., Hugh-Jones, S., Rudolf, M.C.J., Feltbower, R.G., Lans, O., Hetherington, M.M. (2015). “It's like giving him a piece of me.”: Exploring UK and Israeli women's accounts of motherhood and feeding. Appetite, 95, 58-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2015.06.004
  • 22. Shelton, N,, Johnson, S. (2006). ‘I think motherhood for me was a bit like a double-edged sword’: the narratives of older mothers. J. Community. Appl. Soc. Psychol, 16, 316–330. https://doi.org/10.1002/casp.867
  • 23. Watts, M.C.N.C., Liamputtong, P., McMichael, C. (2015). Early motherhood: a qualitative study exploring the experiences of African Australian teenage mothers in greater Melbourne, Australia. BMC Public Health, 15, 873. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-2215-2
  • 24. Smorti, M., Ginobbi, F., Simoncini, T., Pancetti, F., Carducci, A., Mauri, G., Gemignani, A. (2021). Anxiety and depression in women hospitalized due to high-risk pregnancy: An integrative quantitative and qualitative study. Current Psychology, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-01902-5
  • 25. Brand, G., Morrison, P., Down, B., WestBrook, B. (2014). Scaffolding young Australian women's journey to motherhood: a narrative understanding. Health and Social Care in the Community, 22(5), 497-505. https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.12106
  • 26. Saeieh, S.E., Rahimzadeh, M., Yazdkhasti, M., Torkashvand, S. (2017). Perceived social support and maternal competence in primipara women during pregnancy and after childbirth. International Journal of Community Based Nursing and Midwifery, 5(4), 408. Erişim Adresi: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5635560/
  • 27. Lederman, R.P., Boyd, E., Pitts, K., Roberts-Gray, C., Hutchinson, M., Blackwell, S. (2013). Maternal development experiences of women hospitalized to prevent preterm birth. Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare, 4(4), 133-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.srhc.2013.10.004
  • 28. Davis, E. P., Narayan, A. J. (2020). Pregnancy as a period of risk, adaptation, and resilience for mothers and infants. Development and psychopathology, 32(5), 1625-1639. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579420001121
  • 29. Badakhsh, M., Hastings-Tolsma, M., Firouzkohi, M., Amirshahi, M., & Hashemi, Z. S. (2020). The lived experience of women with a high-risk pregnancy: A phenomenology investigation. Midwifery, 82, 102625. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2019.102625
  • 30. Biaggi, A., Conroy, S., Pawlby, S., & Pariante, C. M. (2016). Identifying the women at risk of antenatal anxiety and depression: a systematic review. Journal of affective disorders, 191, 62-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2015.11.014
  • 31. Kızılırmak, A., & Başer, M. (2016). The effect of education given to primigravida women on fear of childbirth. Applied nursing research, 29, 19-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnr.2015.04.002
  • 32. Erkaya, R., Karabulutlu, Ö., & Çalık, K. Y. (2017). Defining childbirth fear and anxiety levels in pregnant women. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 237, 1045-1052. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2017.02.151 33. Kim, S. M. (2021). The Regulation Effect of Social Support in Relation to Maternal Adaptation and Maternal Role Strain in Primipara Mothers. Journal of Advanced Researches and Reports, 1(3), 39-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.21742/jarr.2021.1.3.06
  • 34. Kulakaç Ö, Buldukoğlu K, Yılmaz M, Alkan S. (2006). An analysis of the motherhood concept in employed women in south Turkey. Soc Behav Pers, 34(7), 837-852. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2006.34.7.837
  • 35. Liamputtong P. (2006). Motherhood and “moral career”: Discourses of good motherhood among Southeast Asian immigrant women in Australia. Qual Sociol,2006; 29(1), 25-53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11133-005-9006-5
  • 36. Benza S, Liamputtong P. (2017). Becoming an ‘Amai’: Meanings and experiences of motherhood amongst Zimbabwean women living in Melbourne, Australia. Midwifery, 45,72-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2016.12.011

Evaluation Of High-Risk Pregnant Women’s Adaptation to Pregnancy and Motherhood: A Mixed Method Research

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 36 - 52, 31.07.2023

Öz

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate high-risk pregnant and hospitalized women’s adaptation levels to pregnancy and motherhood and their experiences of high-risk pregnancy.
Methods: The research is a mixed method research type that includes cross-sectional and qualitative research designs. The quantitative part of the study was conducted with 111 women hospitalized with the diagnosis of risky pregnancy, and the qualitative part was conducted with 15 women. Quantitative data were collected using the Personal Information Form and the Prenatal Self-Assessment Questionnaire (PSEQ). Qualitative data were collected through in-depth face-to-face interviews. Quantitative data from the research were evaluated using the SPSS 25.0 program, and Qualitative data were assessed with Colaizzi's seven-step content analysis method.
Finding: The mean age of the participants was 26± 6,1, all of them were married, and 90.1% had a nuclear family structure. The prenatal Self-Assessment Questionnaire means the score was found to be 180.1 ± 14.8 (79-316). Social security status, thoughts about her and her baby's health (U: 490; p:0.011), The level of her relationship with her mother (U:490.5; p: 0.007), and her husband (U:480.5; p: 0.008) A statistically significant association was found between the sub-dimensions. Results of the qualitative research showed that women experience a cyclical period of sacrifice and struggle following their diagnosis of high-risk pregnancy. Through data analysis, four main themes and eight sub-themes were identified.
Conclusion: Understanding women’s experiences through a high-risk pregnancy and analyzing the factors that affect their adaptation to pregnancy and motherhood enable nurses to employ the right and appropriate care practices. Furthermore, women’s experience of high-risk pregnancy brings the need for social support to be met by their spouses, family members, and health professionals.

Proje Numarası

PYO.SBF.1904.18.001

Kaynakça

  • 1. Lowdermilk, D.L., Cashion, M.C., Perry, S.E., Alden, K.R., Olshansky, E. (2019). Maternity and Women's Health Care, United States of America, Elsevier Health Sciences, 441p.
  • 2. Nola Holness, C.N.M. (2018). High-risk pregnancy. Women’s Health Across the Lifespan, An Issue of Nursing Clinics, E-Book, 241p.
  • 3. World Health Organization (2019). Trends in maternal mortality: 2000 to 2017: estimates by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group and the United Nations Population Division. https://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/Maternal_mortality_report.pdf (Erişim: 21.03.2023).
  • 4. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü. (2019). 2018 Türkiye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırması. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü, T.C. ve Cumhurbaşkanlığı Strateji ve Bütçe Başkanlığı ve TÜBİTAK, Ankara, Türkiye. http://www.openaccess.hacettepe.edu.tr:8080/xmlui/handle/11655/23356 (Erişim: 21.03.2023).
  • 5. Dollberg, D.G., Rozenfeld T., Kupfermincz M. (2016). Early parental adaptation, prenatal distress, and high-risk pregnancy, Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 41(8),915-929. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsw028
  • 6. Meighan, M. (2013). Mercer's becoming a mother theory in nursing practice. In Nursing Theory-E-Book: Utilization & application. New York, Mosby, 283-295p.
  • 7. Yu, Y., Zhang, S., Wang, G., Hong, X., Mallow, E.B., Walker, S.O. … Wang, X. (2013). The combined association of psychosocial stress and chronic hypertension with preeclampsia. Am J Obstet Gynecol, 209(5), 438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2013.07.003
  • 8. Fiskin, G., Kaydirak, M.M., Oskay, U.Y. (2017). Psychosocial Adaptation and Depressive Manifestations in High‐Risk Pregnant Women: Implications for Clinical Practice. Worldviews on Evidence‐Based Nursing, 14(1), 55-64. https://doi.org/10.1111/wvn.12186
  • 9. Wilhelm, L.A., Alves, C.N., Demori, C.C., da Silva, S.C., Meincke, S.M.K., Ressel, L.B. (2015). Feelings of women who experienced a high-risk pregnancy: a descriptive study. Online Brazilian Journal of Nursing, 14(3), 284-293. https://doi.org/10.17665/1676-4285.20155206
  • 10. Isaacs, N.Z., Antipatin, M.G. (2020). A systematic review regarding women’s emotional and psychological experiences of high-risk pregnancies. BMC psychology, 8(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-020-00410-8
  • 11. Agarwal, S., Mazumder, B. (2013). Cognitive abilities and household financial decision making. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 5(1), 193–207. https://doi.org/10.1257/app.5.1.193
  • 12. Senol, D., Göl, I., Ozkan, S. (2019). The effect of health literacy levels of pregnant women on receiving prenatal care: a cross-sectional descriptive study. Int J Caring Sci, 12 (3), 1717-24. Erişim adresi: http://www.internationaljournalofcaringsciences.org/
  • 13. Yurdakul, M. (2018). Perceived social support in pregnant adolescents in Mersin area in Turkey. Pak J Med Sci, 34(1), 115. https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.341.14221
  • 14. Coskuner Potur, Ç.D., Mamuk, R., Şahin, N., Demirci, N., Hamlaci, Y. (2017) Association between fear of childbirth and maternal acceptance of pregnancy. International nursing review, 64(4), 576-583. https://doi.org/10.1111/inr.12378
  • 15. Horvath, S., Schreiber, C.A. (2017). Unintended pregnancy, induced abortion, and mental health. Current psychiatry reports, 19(11), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-017-0832-4
  • 16. Tugut, N., Golbasi, Z., Bulbul, T. (2017). Quality of sexual life and changes occurring in sexual life of women with high-risk pregnancy. J Sex Marital Ther, 43(2), 132-14. https://doi.org/10.1080/0092623X.2016.1141816
  • 17. Okumus, F., Sahin, N. (2017) Fear of childbirth in urban and rural regions of Turkey: Comparison of two resident populations. North Clin Istanb, 4(3), 247-256. https://doi.org/10.14744/nci.2017.46693
  • 18. Song, J.E., Chae, H.J., Ko, J.M., Yang, J.I., Kim, T. (2020). Effects of a maternal role adjustment program for first time mothers who use postpartum care centers (Sanhujoriwon) in South Korea: a quasi-experimental study. BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 20(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-020-02923-x
  • 19. Karaman, E.D., Dogan, N. (2018). Annelik rolü üzerine: kadının “annelik” kimliği üzerinden tahakküm altına alınması. Gumushane University e-journal of Faculty of Communication, 6(2), 1475 – 1496. https://doi.org/10.19145/e-gifder.443214
  • 20. Bhaumik, S. (2018). Understanding contemporary motherhood: A sociological study of employed women in Kolkata. International Journal of Social Science and Economic Research, 3(12), 6552-6553. Erişim adresi: http://ijsser.org/more2018.php?id=460
  • 21. Shloim, N., Hugh-Jones, S., Rudolf, M.C.J., Feltbower, R.G., Lans, O., Hetherington, M.M. (2015). “It's like giving him a piece of me.”: Exploring UK and Israeli women's accounts of motherhood and feeding. Appetite, 95, 58-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2015.06.004
  • 22. Shelton, N,, Johnson, S. (2006). ‘I think motherhood for me was a bit like a double-edged sword’: the narratives of older mothers. J. Community. Appl. Soc. Psychol, 16, 316–330. https://doi.org/10.1002/casp.867
  • 23. Watts, M.C.N.C., Liamputtong, P., McMichael, C. (2015). Early motherhood: a qualitative study exploring the experiences of African Australian teenage mothers in greater Melbourne, Australia. BMC Public Health, 15, 873. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-2215-2
  • 24. Smorti, M., Ginobbi, F., Simoncini, T., Pancetti, F., Carducci, A., Mauri, G., Gemignani, A. (2021). Anxiety and depression in women hospitalized due to high-risk pregnancy: An integrative quantitative and qualitative study. Current Psychology, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-01902-5
  • 25. Brand, G., Morrison, P., Down, B., WestBrook, B. (2014). Scaffolding young Australian women's journey to motherhood: a narrative understanding. Health and Social Care in the Community, 22(5), 497-505. https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.12106
  • 26. Saeieh, S.E., Rahimzadeh, M., Yazdkhasti, M., Torkashvand, S. (2017). Perceived social support and maternal competence in primipara women during pregnancy and after childbirth. International Journal of Community Based Nursing and Midwifery, 5(4), 408. Erişim Adresi: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5635560/
  • 27. Lederman, R.P., Boyd, E., Pitts, K., Roberts-Gray, C., Hutchinson, M., Blackwell, S. (2013). Maternal development experiences of women hospitalized to prevent preterm birth. Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare, 4(4), 133-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.srhc.2013.10.004
  • 28. Davis, E. P., Narayan, A. J. (2020). Pregnancy as a period of risk, adaptation, and resilience for mothers and infants. Development and psychopathology, 32(5), 1625-1639. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579420001121
  • 29. Badakhsh, M., Hastings-Tolsma, M., Firouzkohi, M., Amirshahi, M., & Hashemi, Z. S. (2020). The lived experience of women with a high-risk pregnancy: A phenomenology investigation. Midwifery, 82, 102625. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2019.102625
  • 30. Biaggi, A., Conroy, S., Pawlby, S., & Pariante, C. M. (2016). Identifying the women at risk of antenatal anxiety and depression: a systematic review. Journal of affective disorders, 191, 62-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2015.11.014
  • 31. Kızılırmak, A., & Başer, M. (2016). The effect of education given to primigravida women on fear of childbirth. Applied nursing research, 29, 19-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnr.2015.04.002
  • 32. Erkaya, R., Karabulutlu, Ö., & Çalık, K. Y. (2017). Defining childbirth fear and anxiety levels in pregnant women. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 237, 1045-1052. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2017.02.151 33. Kim, S. M. (2021). The Regulation Effect of Social Support in Relation to Maternal Adaptation and Maternal Role Strain in Primipara Mothers. Journal of Advanced Researches and Reports, 1(3), 39-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.21742/jarr.2021.1.3.06
  • 34. Kulakaç Ö, Buldukoğlu K, Yılmaz M, Alkan S. (2006). An analysis of the motherhood concept in employed women in south Turkey. Soc Behav Pers, 34(7), 837-852. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2006.34.7.837
  • 35. Liamputtong P. (2006). Motherhood and “moral career”: Discourses of good motherhood among Southeast Asian immigrant women in Australia. Qual Sociol,2006; 29(1), 25-53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11133-005-9006-5
  • 36. Benza S, Liamputtong P. (2017). Becoming an ‘Amai’: Meanings and experiences of motherhood amongst Zimbabwean women living in Melbourne, Australia. Midwifery, 45,72-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2016.12.011
Toplam 35 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Hemşirelik
Bölüm Araştırma Makele
Yazarlar

Nedime Gül Doğan Özdemir 0000-0001-5617-6900

Özen Kulakaç 0000-0002-3578-1244

Proje Numarası PYO.SBF.1904.18.001
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Temmuz 2023
Kabul Tarihi 28 Temmuz 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Doğan Özdemir, N. G., & Kulakaç, Ö. (2023). Evaluation Of High-Risk Pregnant Women’s Adaptation to Pregnancy and Motherhood: A Mixed Method Research. Kadın Sağlığı Hemşireliği Dergisi, 9(2), 36-52.
AMA Doğan Özdemir NG, Kulakaç Ö. Evaluation Of High-Risk Pregnant Women’s Adaptation to Pregnancy and Motherhood: A Mixed Method Research. KASHED. Temmuz 2023;9(2):36-52.
Chicago Doğan Özdemir, Nedime Gül, ve Özen Kulakaç. “Evaluation Of High-Risk Pregnant Women’s Adaptation to Pregnancy and Motherhood: A Mixed Method Research”. Kadın Sağlığı Hemşireliği Dergisi 9, sy. 2 (Temmuz 2023): 36-52.
EndNote Doğan Özdemir NG, Kulakaç Ö (01 Temmuz 2023) Evaluation Of High-Risk Pregnant Women’s Adaptation to Pregnancy and Motherhood: A Mixed Method Research. Kadın Sağlığı Hemşireliği Dergisi 9 2 36–52.
IEEE N. G. Doğan Özdemir ve Ö. Kulakaç, “Evaluation Of High-Risk Pregnant Women’s Adaptation to Pregnancy and Motherhood: A Mixed Method Research”, KASHED, c. 9, sy. 2, ss. 36–52, 2023.
ISNAD Doğan Özdemir, Nedime Gül - Kulakaç, Özen. “Evaluation Of High-Risk Pregnant Women’s Adaptation to Pregnancy and Motherhood: A Mixed Method Research”. Kadın Sağlığı Hemşireliği Dergisi 9/2 (Temmuz 2023), 36-52.
JAMA Doğan Özdemir NG, Kulakaç Ö. Evaluation Of High-Risk Pregnant Women’s Adaptation to Pregnancy and Motherhood: A Mixed Method Research. KASHED. 2023;9:36–52.
MLA Doğan Özdemir, Nedime Gül ve Özen Kulakaç. “Evaluation Of High-Risk Pregnant Women’s Adaptation to Pregnancy and Motherhood: A Mixed Method Research”. Kadın Sağlığı Hemşireliği Dergisi, c. 9, sy. 2, 2023, ss. 36-52.
Vancouver Doğan Özdemir NG, Kulakaç Ö. Evaluation Of High-Risk Pregnant Women’s Adaptation to Pregnancy and Motherhood: A Mixed Method Research. KASHED. 2023;9(2):36-52.