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KORONER ARTER BAYPAS CERRAHİSİ GEÇİREN HASTALARDA SAĞLIKLI YAŞAM BİÇİMİ DAVRANIŞLARININ SÜRDÜRÜLMESİ

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 2, 92 - 101, 28.08.2021

Öz

Koroner arter hastalığı en yaygın görülen ölüm nedenlerinden biri olup genellikle düşük ve orta gelirli ülkelerde görülmektedir. Koroner hastalıklarının risk faktörlerinin önlenmesinde sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışlarının önemi tüm dünyada vurgulanmış ve buna dair kanıta dayalı kılavuzlar yayınlanmıştır. Sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışlarının kazanılması sonucunda koroner arter hastalığının yaklaşık olarak %60’ının önlenebileceği belirtilmiştir. Koroner arter hastalığının önlenmesinde sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları arasında tütün ürünlerinden uzak durulması, sağlıklı beslenme, kilo yönetimi, uygun ve düzenli fiziksel aktivite yapılması yer almaktadır. Sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışlarının kazanılması sadece koroner arter hastalığının önlenmesinde önemli olmayıp sağlığın sürdürülmesinde de son derece önemlidir. Koroner arter hastalığının tedavisinde en sık tercih edilen yöntem haline gelen koroner arter baypas cerrahisinden sonra da sağlığın sürdürülmesinde sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışlarının kazanılması önem taşımaktadır. Sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışların kazanılmasında ve sağlığın sürdürülmesinde bireysel tercihler ön planda gibi görülse de hemşirelerin bilgileri yaygınlaştırılması ve uyumun sağlanması açısından önemli rolleri ve sorumlulukları bulunmaktadır. Aynı zamanda hemşirelerin sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışlarının kazandırılmasında hastalara ve ailelerine eğitim vermek, sosyal sorumluluk projelerinin oluşturmak ve bu alanda araştırmalar yapmak gibi birçok fırsatı da bulunmaktadır.
Bu derlemede koroner arter hastalarına veya koroner arter baypas cerrahisi geçiren hastalara yönelik sağlık yaşam biçimi davranışlarına ve önerilere yer verilmektedir.

Kaynakça

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  • 5. Rodrigues AL, Ball J, Ski C, Stewart S, Carrington MJ. A systematic review and meta-analysis of primary prevention programmes to improve cardio-metabolic risk in non-urban communities. Prev Med. 2016;87:22-34.
  • 6. Yusuf S, Hawken S, Ôunpuu S, Dans T, Avezum A, Lanas F, et al. Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case-control study. Lancet. 2004;364(9438):937-952.
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  • 8. Smith SC, Allen J, Blair SN, Bonow RO, Brass LM, Fonarow GC, et al. AHA/ACC guidelines for secondary prevention for patients with coronary and other atherosclerotic vascular disease: 2006 update: endorsed by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;47(10):2130-2139.
  • 9. Masana L, Ros E, Sudano I, Angoulvant D, Gerediaga DI, Eizagaechevarria NM, et al. Is there a role for lifestyle changes in cardiovascular prevention? What, when and how? Atheroscler Suppl. 2017;26:2-15.
  • 10. Stone NJ, Robinson JG, Lichtenstein AH, Merz CNB, Blum CB, Eckel RH, et al. 2013 ACC/AHA guideline on the treatment of blood cholesterol to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;63(25 Part B):2889-2934.
  • 11. Kulik A. Secondary prevention after coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a primer. Curr Opin Cardiol. 2016;31(6):635-643.
  • 12. Mattia A, Manetta F. Medical and Surgical Management and Outcomes for Coronary Artery Disease. IntechOpen. 2017;163.
  • 13. Ali MA, Yasir J, Sherwani RN, Fareed M, Arshad F, Abid F, et al. Frequency and predictors of non-adherence to lifestyle modifications and medications after coronary artery bypass grafting: A cross-sectional study. Indian Heart J. 2017;69(4):469-473.
  • 14. Safabakhsh L, Arbabisarjou A, Jahantigh M, Nazemzadeh M, Rigi SN, Nosratzehi S. The effect of health promoting programs on patient’s life style after coronary artery bypass graft–hospitalized in Shiraz hospitals. Glob J Health Sci. 2016;8(5):154.
  • 15. Kähkönen O, Kankkunen P, Saaranen T, Miettinen H, Kyngäs H, Lamidi ML. Motivation is a crucial factor for adherence to a healthy lifestyle among people with coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention. J Adv Nurs. 2015;71(10):2364-2373.
  • 16. Cobb SL, Brown DJ, Davis LL. Effective interventions for lifestyle change after myocardial infarction or coronary artery revascularization. J Am Acad Nurse Pract. 2006;18(1):31-39.
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MAINTAINING HEALTHY LIFESTYLE BEHAVIORS IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS SURGERY

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 2, 92 - 101, 28.08.2021

Öz

Coronary artery disease is one of the most common causes of death and is generally seen in low and middle income countries. The importance of healthy lifestyle behaviors in preventing risk factors of coronary diseases has been emphasized all over the world and evidence-based guidelines have been published. It has been stated that approximately 60% of coronary artery disease can be prevented as a result of gaining healthy lifestyle behaviors. Healthy lifestyle behaviors in the prevention of coronary artery disease include avoiding tobacco products, healthy nutrition, weight management, and proper and regular physical activity. Acquiring healthy lifestyle behaviors is not only important in preventing coronary artery disease, but also in maintaining health. After coronary artery bypass surgery, which has become the most preferred method in the treatment of coronary artery disease, it is important to gain healthy lifestyle behaviors in maintaining health. Although individual preferences seem to be at the forefront in the acquisition of healthy lifestyle behaviors and maintaining health, nurses have important roles and responsibilities in terms of disseminating information and ensuring compliance. At the same time, nurses have many opportunities to teach healthy lifestyle behaviors to patients and their families, to create social responsibility projects and to conduct research in this field.
This review includes health lifestyle behaviors and recommendations for patients with coronary artery disease or patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Lopez AD, Mathers CD, Ezzati M, Jamison DT, Murray CJ. Global and regional burden of disease and risk factors, 2001: systematic analysis of population health data. Lancet. 2006;367(9524):1747-1757.
  • 2. Onat A, Can G, Yüksel H, Ademoglu E, Erginel-Ünaltuna N, Kaya A. TEKHARF 2017-Tıp Dünyasının Kronik Hastalıklara Yaklaşımına Öncülük. İstanbul: Logos Yayıncılık. 2017. Erişim adresi: http://file.tkd.org.tr/PDFs/TEKHARF-2017.pdf. Erişim tarihi: 10.12.2020.
  • 3. World Health Organization. Prevention of cardiovascular disease: guidelines for assessment and management of cardiovascular risk. 2007. Erişim adresi: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/43685. Erişim tarihi: 12.12.2020.
  • 4. Mendis S, Puska P, Norrving B, World Health Organization. Global atlas on cardiovascular disease prevention and control. World Health Organization. 2011. Erişim adresi: https://www.world-heart-federation.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Global_CVD_Atlas-min.pdf. Erişim tarihi: 01.01.2021.
  • 5. Rodrigues AL, Ball J, Ski C, Stewart S, Carrington MJ. A systematic review and meta-analysis of primary prevention programmes to improve cardio-metabolic risk in non-urban communities. Prev Med. 2016;87:22-34.
  • 6. Yusuf S, Hawken S, Ôunpuu S, Dans T, Avezum A, Lanas F, et al. Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case-control study. Lancet. 2004;364(9438):937-952.
  • 7. Pearson TA, Blair SN, Daniels SR, Eckel RH, Fair JM, Fortmann SP, et al. AHA guidelines for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and stroke: 2002 update: consensus panel guide to comprehensive risk reduction for adult patients without coronary or other atherosclerotic vascular diseases. Circulation. 2002;106(3):388-391.
  • 8. Smith SC, Allen J, Blair SN, Bonow RO, Brass LM, Fonarow GC, et al. AHA/ACC guidelines for secondary prevention for patients with coronary and other atherosclerotic vascular disease: 2006 update: endorsed by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;47(10):2130-2139.
  • 9. Masana L, Ros E, Sudano I, Angoulvant D, Gerediaga DI, Eizagaechevarria NM, et al. Is there a role for lifestyle changes in cardiovascular prevention? What, when and how? Atheroscler Suppl. 2017;26:2-15.
  • 10. Stone NJ, Robinson JG, Lichtenstein AH, Merz CNB, Blum CB, Eckel RH, et al. 2013 ACC/AHA guideline on the treatment of blood cholesterol to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;63(25 Part B):2889-2934.
  • 11. Kulik A. Secondary prevention after coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a primer. Curr Opin Cardiol. 2016;31(6):635-643.
  • 12. Mattia A, Manetta F. Medical and Surgical Management and Outcomes for Coronary Artery Disease. IntechOpen. 2017;163.
  • 13. Ali MA, Yasir J, Sherwani RN, Fareed M, Arshad F, Abid F, et al. Frequency and predictors of non-adherence to lifestyle modifications and medications after coronary artery bypass grafting: A cross-sectional study. Indian Heart J. 2017;69(4):469-473.
  • 14. Safabakhsh L, Arbabisarjou A, Jahantigh M, Nazemzadeh M, Rigi SN, Nosratzehi S. The effect of health promoting programs on patient’s life style after coronary artery bypass graft–hospitalized in Shiraz hospitals. Glob J Health Sci. 2016;8(5):154.
  • 15. Kähkönen O, Kankkunen P, Saaranen T, Miettinen H, Kyngäs H, Lamidi ML. Motivation is a crucial factor for adherence to a healthy lifestyle among people with coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention. J Adv Nurs. 2015;71(10):2364-2373.
  • 16. Cobb SL, Brown DJ, Davis LL. Effective interventions for lifestyle change after myocardial infarction or coronary artery revascularization. J Am Acad Nurse Pract. 2006;18(1):31-39.
  • 17. Griffo R, Ambrosetti M, Tramarin R, Fattirolli F, Temporelli PL, Vestri AR, et al. Effective secondary prevention through cardiac rehabilitation after coronary revascularization and predictors of poor adherence to lifestyle modification and medication. Results of the ICAROS Survey. Int J Cardiol. 2013;167(4):1390-1395.
  • 18. Bailey RR, Phad A, McGrath R, Haire-Joshu D. Prevalence of five lifestyle risk factors among US adults with and without stroke. Disabil Health J. 2019;12(2):323-327.
  • 19. Eckel RH, Jakicic JM, Ard JD, de Jesus JM, Miller NH, Hubbard VS, et al. 2013 AHA/ACC guideline on lifestyle management to reduce cardiovascular risk: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;63(25 Part B):2960-2984.
  • 20. Piepoli MF, Hoes AW, Agewall S, Albus C, Brotons C, Catapano AL, et al. 2016 European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice: The Sixth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of 10 societies and by invited experts) Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J. 2016;37(29):2315-238.
  • 21. Arnett DK, Blumenthal RS, Albert MA, Buroker AB, Goldberger ZD, Hahn EJ, et al. 2019 ACC/AHA guideline on the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019;4(10):e177-e232.
  • 22. World Health Organization. WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic 2015: raising taxes on tobacco. 2015. Erişim adresi: https://www.who.int/tobacco/global_report/2015/en/. Erişim tarihi: 12.12.2020.
  • 23. Rigotti NA, Pasternak RC. Cigarette smoking and coronary heart disease: risks and management. Cardiol Clin. 1996;14(1):51-68.
  • 24. Ambrose JA, Barua RS. The pathophysiology of cigarette smoking and cardiovascular disease: an update. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004;43(10):1731-1737.
  • 25. Szpak D, Grochowalski A, Chrząszcz R, Florek E, Jawień W, Undas A. Tobacco smoke exposure and endothelial dysfunction in patients with advanced coronary artery disease. Pol Arch Med Wewn. 2013;123(9):474-481.
  • 26. Steenaard RV, Ligthart S, Stolk L, Peters MJ, van Meurs JB, Uitterlinden AG, et al. A. Tobacco smoking is associated with methylation of genes related to coronary artery disease. Clin Epigenetics. 2015;7(1):54.
  • 27. Wang XL, Greco M, Sim AS, Duarte N, Wang J, Wilcken DE. Effect of CYP1A1 MspI polymorphism on cigarette smoking related coronary artery disease and diabetes. Atherosclerosis. 2002;162(2):391-397.
  • 28. Amiri P, Mohammadzadeh-Naziri K, Abbasi B, Cheraghi L, Jalali-Farahani S, Momenan AA, et al. Smoking habits and incidence of cardiovascular diseases in men and women: findings of a 12 year follow up among an urban Eastern-Mediterranean population. BMC Public Health. 2019:19(1):1042.
  • 29. Banks E, Joshy G, Korda RJ, Stavreski B, Soga K, Egger S, et al. Tobacco smoking and risk of 36 cardiovascular disease subtypes: fatal and non-fatal outcomes in a large prospective Australian study. BMC Med. 2019;17(1):128.
  • 30. Voors AA, van Brussel BL, Thijs Plokker HW, Ernst SM, Ernst NM, Koomen EM, et al. Smoking and cardiac events after venous coronary bypass surgery: a 15-year follow-up study. Circulation. 1996;93(1):42-47.
  • 31. van Domburg RT, Meeter K, van Berkel DF, Veldkamp RF, van Herwerden LA, Bogers AJ. Smoking cessation reduces mortality after coronary artery bypass surgery: a 20-year follow-up study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000;36(3):878-883.
  • 32. Amoroso G, Mariani MA, Tio RA & Grandjean JG. Continued cigarette smoking after coronary artery bypass surgery reduces endothelium-dependent vasodilation in internal thoracic artery grafts. Ital Heart J. 2001;2:139-141.
  • 33. Saxena A, Shan L, Reid C, Dinh DT, Smith JA, Shardey GC, et al. Impact of smoking status on early and late outcomes after isolated coronary artery bypass graft surgery. J Cardiol. 2013;61(5):336-341.
  • 34. Alcan AO, Korkmaz FD Çakmakçı H. An evaluation of health-promotion lifestyle behaviors following coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Turk Gogus Kalp Damar Cerrahisi Derg. 2017;25(1).
  • 35. Keskin K, Sezai Yıldız S, Çetinkal G, Çetin Ş, Sığırcı S, Kilci H, et al. Persistent smoking rate after coronary revascularization and factors related to smoking cessation in Turkey. J Public Health. 2018;40(4):806-812.
  • 36. Reddy KS, Katan MB. Diet, nutrition and the prevention of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. Public Health Nutr. 2004;7(1a):167-186.
  • 37. Singh RB, Dubnov G, Niaz MA, Ghosh S, Singh R, Rastogi SS, et al. Effect of an Indo-Mediterranean diet on progression of coronary artery disease in high risk patients (Indo-Mediterranean Diet Heart Study): a randomised single-blind trial. Lancet. 2002;360(9344):1455-1461.
  • 38. He FJ, Nowson CA, Lucas M, MacGregor GA. Increased consumption of fruit and vegetables is related to a reduced risk of coronary heart disease: meta-analysis of cohort studies. J Hum Hypertens. 2007;21(9):717-728.
  • 39. Qin LQ, Xu JY, Han S, Zhang ZL, Zhao Y, Szeto IM. Dairy consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease: an updated meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2015;24(1):90-100.
  • 40. Joshipura KJ, Hu FB, Manson JE, Stampfer MJ, Rimm EB, Speizer FE, et al. The effect of fruit and vegetable intake on risk for coronary heart disease. Ann Intern Med. 2001;134(12):1106-1114.
  • 41. Siscovick DS, Raghunathan TE, King I, Weinmann S, Wicklund KG, Albright J, et al. Dietary intake and cell membrane levels of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and the risk of primary cardiac arrest. JAMA. 1995;274(17):1363-1367.
  • 42. Vachenauer R, Gruenenfelder J, Plass A, Slankamenak K, Pantic L, Kisner D, et al. Changing lifestyle habits as secondary prophylaxis after coronary artery bypass grafting. Heart Surg Forum. 2008;11(4):E243-247.
  • 43. Van Rooy L, Coopoo Y. Change in patient nutritional knowledge following coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Health Sa. 2017;22(1):123-129.
  • 44. Bhupathiraju SN, Tucker KL. Coronary heart disease prevention: nutrients, foods, and dietary patterns. Clin Chim Acta. 2011;412(17-18):1493-1514.
  • 45. Anand SS, Hawkes C, De Souza RJ, Mente A, Dehghan M, Nugent R, et al. (2015). Food consumption and its impact on cardiovascular disease: importance of solutions focused on the globalized food system: a report from the workshop convened by the World Heart Federation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2015;66(14):1590-1614.
  • 46. Piano MR. Alcohol’s effects on the cardiovascular system. Alcohol Res. 2017;38(2):219-241.
  • 47. Larsson SC, Burgess S, Mason AM, Michaëlsson K. Alcohol Consumption and Cardiovascular Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study. Circ Genom Precis Med. 2020;13.
  • 48. Hines LM, Rimm EB. Moderate alcohol consumption and coronary heart disease: a review. Postgra M J. 2001;77(914):747-752.
  • 49. Toma A, Paré G, Leong DP. Alcohol and cardiovascular disease: how much is too much?. Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2017;19(3):13.
  • 50. Foerster M, Marques-Vidal P, Gmel G, Daeppen JB, Cornuz J, Hayoz D, et al. Alcohol drinking and cardiovascular risk in a population with high mean alcohol consumption. Am J Cardiol. 2009;103(3):361-368.
  • 51. Grabas MPK, Hansen SM, Torp-Pedersen C, Bøggild H, Ullits LR, Deding U, et al. Alcohol consumption and mortality in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)-a register-based cohort study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2016;16(1):1-10.
  • 52. Fagrell B, De Faire U, Bondy S, Criqui M, Gaziano M, Gronbaek M, et al. The effects of light to moderate drinking on cardiovascular diseases. J Intern Med. 1999;246(4):331-340.
  • 53. Akil L, Ahmad HA. Relationships between obesity and cardiovascular diseases in four southern states and Colorado. J Health Care Poor Underversed. 2011;22(4 Suppl):61.
  • 54. Bangalore S, Fayyad R, Laskey R, DeMicco DA, Messerli FH, Waters DD. Body-weight fluctuations and outcomes in coronary disease. N Engl J Med. 2017;376:1332-1340.
  • 55. Formentini FS, Nagano FEZ, Neto FDNL, Adam EL, Fortes FS, da Silva LF. Coronary artery disease and body mass index: What is the relationship?. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2019;34:87-93.
  • 56. Kannel WB, LEBAUER EJ, Dawber TR, McNamara PM. Relation of body weight to development of coronary heart disease: The Framingham Study. Circulation. 1967;35(4):734-744.
  • 57. Arena R, Lavie CJ. Excess body weight and coronary artery disease-associated risks, the obesity paradox, and implications for cardiac rehabilitation. US Cardiology. 2011;8(2):88-93.
  • 58. Pack QR, Rodriguez-Escudero JP, Thomas RJ, Ades PA, West CP, Somers VK, et al. The prognostic importance of weight loss in coronary artery disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Mayo Clin Proc. Elsevier. 2014;89(10):1368-1377.
  • 59. Lavie CJ, Milani RV, Artham SM, Patel DA, Ventura HO. The obesity paradox, weight loss, and coronary disease. Am J Med. 2009;122(12):1106-1114.
  • 60. Habib RH, Zacharias A, Schwann TA, Riordan CJ, Durham SJ, Shah A. Effects of obesity and small body size on operative and long-term outcomes of coronary artery bypass surgery: a propensity-matched analysis. Ann Thorac Surg. 2005;79(6):1976-1986.
  • 61. World Health Organization. Body Mass İndeks-BM. Erişim adresi: https://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/disease-prevention/nutrition/a-healthy-lifestyle/body-mass-index-bmi. Erişim tarihi: 10.12.2021.
  • 62. Wannamethee SG, Shaper AG. Physical activity in the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Sports Med. 2001;31(2):101-114. 63. Winzer EB, Woitek F, Linke A. Physical activity in the prevention and treatment of coronary artery disease. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018;7(4):e007725.
  • 64. Li J, Siegrist J. Physical activity and risk of cardiovascular disease—a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2012;9(2):391-407.
  • 65. Pedersen LR, Olsen RH, Jürs A, Astrup A, Chabanova E, Simonsen L, et al. A randomised trial comparing weight loss with aerobic exercise in overweight individuals with coronary artery disease: The CUT-IT trial. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2015;22(8):1009-1017.
  • 66. Lan C, Chen SY & Lai JS. Exercise training for patients after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. Acute coronary syndromes. IntechOpen. 2012;117-28.
  • 67. Yates BC, Pozehl B, Kupzyk K, Epstein CM, Deka P. Are heart failure and coronary artery bypass surgery patients meeting physical activity guidelines?. Rehabil Nurs. 2015;0:1-7.
  • 68. Acar B, Yayla C, Ipek EG, Unal S, Ertem AG, Burak C, et al. Parameters influencing the physical activity of patients with a history of coronary revascularization. Rev Port Cardiol. 2017;36(10):721-728.
Toplam 67 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Hemşirelik
Bölüm DERLEME
Yazarlar

Nihal Çeliktürk 0000-0002-9004-0502

Tuğba Nur Öden 0000-0002-3460-9725

Fatma Demir Korkmaz 0000-0003-3810-297X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Ağustos 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 25 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

Bu derginin içeriği Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı kapsamında lisanslanmıştır.

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