Abstract
Gastrointestinal sistem farklı özelliklere sahiptir. Gastrointestinal sistem gebelik ilerledikçe genişleyen uterustan etkilenir. Uterusun genişlemesi sindirim organlarını, özellikle mide ve bağırsakların metabolizmasını değiştirir. Anatomik değişiklikler, akut abdominal değişiklikler oluşturur. Büyüyen uterusun neden olduğu mekanik etkilerin yanı sıra, yüksek progesteron seviyeleri, gecikmiş mide boşalmasına ve gastrointestinal geçiş süresinin artmasına sebep olur. Mide ve bağırsak motilitesi de etkilenir, daha düşük geçiş sürelerine neden olur. Mast hücreleri her türlü stres koşulunda aktive olan ve degranülasyon gösteren hücrelerdir. Bu hücreler hem proinflamatuar hem de immunsupresif fonksiyonlar göstererek bağışıklık sisteminin fizyolojik ve patolojik yanıtlarında önemli rol oynayan hücreler olarak kabul edilmektedirler. Annenin yetersiz beslenmesi, bağırsak içeriği, yapısı ve periferik dolaşım vastasıyla, annenin bağırsak bariyeri ile fötal bağırsak gelişimini ve işlevini olumsuz yönde indükler. Yapılan bu çalışmada gebelikte 3 farklı trimesterde ince bağırsak kısımlarından örnekler alındı. Duodenum, jejunum, ileumdan alınan doku örnekleri Carnoy solusyonunda 12 saat tespit edildi. Yıkama yapılmaksızın doku takibi sonrası parafin bloklar hazırlandı. Örneklerden parafin bloklar oluşturuldu ve 5-6 kalınlığında kesitler alınıp mast hücre sayısının dağılımını belirlemek için %0.5’lik Toluidine Blue ile boyandı. Boyama sonrasında lamina propriya+submukoza ve tunika seroza katmanlarında mast hücrelerinin dağılımları incelendi. İnce bağırsakta duedenum, jejunum ve ileumda katmanlara göre ve gebelik dönemlerine göre mast hücrelerinin sayısal olarak değiştiği tespit edildi. Yapılan bu çalışmanın bu konudaki literatüre katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Keywords
Supporting Institution
yok
Project Number
---
References
- Referans1 Bayramgürler D, Demirsoy EO (2013) Mast hücreleri ve aktivasyonu. Türkderm 38: 47 Özel Sayi 1: 37-40
- Referans2 Brown, J. M., Wilson, T. M., & Metcalfe, D. D. (2008). The mast cell and allergic diseases: role in pathogenesis and implications for therapy. Clinical & Experimental Allergy, 38(1), 4-18.
- Referans3 Carlin A, Alfirevic Z (2008) Physiological changes of pregnancy and monitoring. Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology 22, 5:801–823
- Referans4 Dahlin, J. S., & Hallgren, J. (2015). Mast cell progenitors: origin, development and migration to tissues. Molecular immunology, 63(1), 9-17.
- Referans5 Demirbag, E., Çınar, K., Kutlar, M., Eroglu, G., & Sari, S. (2012). Ratların (Rattus rattus) İnce Bagırsaklarında Mast Hücre Dagılımı ve Heterojenitesi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Fen Dergisi, 7(2), 92-99.
- Referans6 Eren Ü, Güzel N, Türkütanıt S, Durukan A, Ergüldürenler Ş, Kara ME (2000) Köpeklerde Bagırsak Mukozasında Mast Hücreleri. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 47:125-134.
- Referans7 Erpek S (2004) Mast Hücreleri. İnönü Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 11(2):109-120.
- Referans8 Gilfillan, A. M., & Beaven, M. A. (2011). Regulation of mast cell responses in health and disease. Critical Reviews™ in Immunology, 31(6).
- Referans9 Halova, I., Rönnberg, E., Draberova, L., Vliagoftis, H., Nilsson, G. P., & Draber, P. (2018). Changing the threshold—Signals and mechanisms of mast cell priming. Immunological reviews, 282(1), 73-86.
- Referans10 Karaca T, Bayıroglu F, Yörük M, Kaya MS, Uslu S, Comba B, Mis L (2010) Effect of royal jelly on experimental colitis induced by acetic acid and alteration of mast cell distribution in the colon of rats. European Journal of Histochemistry 2010:54:e35
- Referans11 Karaca T, Uslu S, Yörük M (2011) Effect of Green Tea and Gingseng on Villus lenghth and Crypt dept and on the distribution of mast and goblet cwells in the small intestine of rats with Streptozotocin (STZ) Induced Diabetes. Philipp J Vet Med 48,2:86-94
- Referans12 Karaca T, Yörük M (2005) Mast Hücre Heterojenitesi. YYÜ Vet. Fak Derg 16(2):57-60.
- Referans13 Krystel-Whittemore, M., Dileepan, K. N., & Wood, J. G. (2016). Mast cell: a multi-functional master cell. Frontiers in immunology, 620.
- Referans14 Marshall JS (2004) Mast-cell responses to pathogens. Nature Reviews Immunology 4:787-799
- Referans15 Maurice W, van der Heijden, Hanneke PM, van der Kleij, Martin Röcken, Redegeld. FA (2005) Mast cells.Skin immune system (SIS): cutaneous immunology and clinical immunodermatology. In: Bos JD, editor. 3rd ed. Boca Raton, CRC Press 237-63.
- Referans16 McCurdy JD, Lin TJ, Marchall JS (2001) Toll-Like Receptor 4- Mediated Activation of Murine Mast Cells. J Leukoc Biol 70(6):977-984.
- Referans17 Metcalfe DD, Baram D, Mekori YA (1997) Mast cells. Physiological Reviews 77(10):1033-1079
- Referans18 Metzger H (1991) The high affinity receptor for IgE on mast cells, Clin Exp Allergy 21(3):169-179
- Referans19 Palladino E, Mieghem TV, Conner KL (2021) Diet alters micronutrient pathways in the gut and placenta that regulate fetal growth and development in pregnant mice. Reproductive Sciences 28:447-461
- Referans20 Tan EK, Tan EL (2013) Alterations in physiology and anatomy during pregnancy. Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology 27:791–802
- Referans21 Tekeli S (2008) Bazı bitki ekstrelerinin Mast hücreleri üzerine etkilerinin in vivo araştırılması. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Anadolu Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Eskişehir.
- Referans22 Uslu S, Yörük M (2015) A morphological and histometric study on the distribution and heterogeneity of mast cells found in lungs and trachea of Van Cats. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg 62:87-91.
- Referans23 Wasserman SL (1990) Mast Cell Biology. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol 86:590- 593.
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract has different characteristics. The gastrointestinal tract is affected by the enlarging uterus as pregnancy progresses. The enlargement of the uterus changes the digestive organs, especially the metabolism of the stomach and intestines. Anatomical changes produce acute abdominal changes. In addition to the mechanical effects caused by the growing uterus, high progesterone levels cause delayed gastric emptying and increased gastrointestinal transit time. Stomach and intestinal motility are also affected, resulting in lower transit times. Mast cells are cells that are activated and show degranulation under all kinds of stress conditions. These cells are considered to be cells that play an important role in the physiological and pathological responses of the immune system by showing both proinflammatory and immunosuppressive functions. Maternal malnutrition adversely induces fetal bowel development and function through the maternal intestinal barrier, intestinal content, structure, and peripheral circulation. In this study, samples were taken from the small intestine in 3 different trimesters of pregnancy. Tissue samples taken from duodenum, jejunum and ileum were fixed in Carnoy solution for 12 hours. Paraffin blocks were prepared after tissue follow-up without washing. Paraffin blocks were formed from the samples and 5-6 µ thick sections were taken and stained with 0.5% Toluidine Blue to determine the distribution of mast cell number. After staining, the distribution of mast cells in the lamina propria + submucosa and tunica serosa layers was examined. It was determined that mast cells changed numerically in the duodenum, jejunum and ileum in the small intestine according to the layers and according to the gestational periods. It is thought that this study will contribute to the literature on this subject.
Keywords
Project Number
---
References
- Referans1 Bayramgürler D, Demirsoy EO (2013) Mast hücreleri ve aktivasyonu. Türkderm 38: 47 Özel Sayi 1: 37-40
- Referans2 Brown, J. M., Wilson, T. M., & Metcalfe, D. D. (2008). The mast cell and allergic diseases: role in pathogenesis and implications for therapy. Clinical & Experimental Allergy, 38(1), 4-18.
- Referans3 Carlin A, Alfirevic Z (2008) Physiological changes of pregnancy and monitoring. Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology 22, 5:801–823
- Referans4 Dahlin, J. S., & Hallgren, J. (2015). Mast cell progenitors: origin, development and migration to tissues. Molecular immunology, 63(1), 9-17.
- Referans5 Demirbag, E., Çınar, K., Kutlar, M., Eroglu, G., & Sari, S. (2012). Ratların (Rattus rattus) İnce Bagırsaklarında Mast Hücre Dagılımı ve Heterojenitesi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Fen Dergisi, 7(2), 92-99.
- Referans6 Eren Ü, Güzel N, Türkütanıt S, Durukan A, Ergüldürenler Ş, Kara ME (2000) Köpeklerde Bagırsak Mukozasında Mast Hücreleri. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 47:125-134.
- Referans7 Erpek S (2004) Mast Hücreleri. İnönü Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 11(2):109-120.
- Referans8 Gilfillan, A. M., & Beaven, M. A. (2011). Regulation of mast cell responses in health and disease. Critical Reviews™ in Immunology, 31(6).
- Referans9 Halova, I., Rönnberg, E., Draberova, L., Vliagoftis, H., Nilsson, G. P., & Draber, P. (2018). Changing the threshold—Signals and mechanisms of mast cell priming. Immunological reviews, 282(1), 73-86.
- Referans10 Karaca T, Bayıroglu F, Yörük M, Kaya MS, Uslu S, Comba B, Mis L (2010) Effect of royal jelly on experimental colitis induced by acetic acid and alteration of mast cell distribution in the colon of rats. European Journal of Histochemistry 2010:54:e35
- Referans11 Karaca T, Uslu S, Yörük M (2011) Effect of Green Tea and Gingseng on Villus lenghth and Crypt dept and on the distribution of mast and goblet cwells in the small intestine of rats with Streptozotocin (STZ) Induced Diabetes. Philipp J Vet Med 48,2:86-94
- Referans12 Karaca T, Yörük M (2005) Mast Hücre Heterojenitesi. YYÜ Vet. Fak Derg 16(2):57-60.
- Referans13 Krystel-Whittemore, M., Dileepan, K. N., & Wood, J. G. (2016). Mast cell: a multi-functional master cell. Frontiers in immunology, 620.
- Referans14 Marshall JS (2004) Mast-cell responses to pathogens. Nature Reviews Immunology 4:787-799
- Referans15 Maurice W, van der Heijden, Hanneke PM, van der Kleij, Martin Röcken, Redegeld. FA (2005) Mast cells.Skin immune system (SIS): cutaneous immunology and clinical immunodermatology. In: Bos JD, editor. 3rd ed. Boca Raton, CRC Press 237-63.
- Referans16 McCurdy JD, Lin TJ, Marchall JS (2001) Toll-Like Receptor 4- Mediated Activation of Murine Mast Cells. J Leukoc Biol 70(6):977-984.
- Referans17 Metcalfe DD, Baram D, Mekori YA (1997) Mast cells. Physiological Reviews 77(10):1033-1079
- Referans18 Metzger H (1991) The high affinity receptor for IgE on mast cells, Clin Exp Allergy 21(3):169-179
- Referans19 Palladino E, Mieghem TV, Conner KL (2021) Diet alters micronutrient pathways in the gut and placenta that regulate fetal growth and development in pregnant mice. Reproductive Sciences 28:447-461
- Referans20 Tan EK, Tan EL (2013) Alterations in physiology and anatomy during pregnancy. Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology 27:791–802
- Referans21 Tekeli S (2008) Bazı bitki ekstrelerinin Mast hücreleri üzerine etkilerinin in vivo araştırılması. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Anadolu Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Eskişehir.
- Referans22 Uslu S, Yörük M (2015) A morphological and histometric study on the distribution and heterogeneity of mast cells found in lungs and trachea of Van Cats. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg 62:87-91.
- Referans23 Wasserman SL (1990) Mast Cell Biology. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol 86:590- 593.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Veterinary Surgery |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Project Number | --- |
| Publication Date | December 30, 2022 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2022 |
