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Kadınlarda Fiziksel Aktivite ve Egzersizin Osteoporozu Önleme ve Tedavi Edici Rolü

Year 2023, , 73 - 81, 30.04.2023

Sümena Hareket , İlknur Naz Gürşan

https://doi.org/10.51754/cusbed.1181633

Abstract

Osteoporoz neredeyse her iki kadından birini, hayatının herhangi bir noktasında etkileyen önemli bir morbidite ve mortalite nedenidir. Kemik yapısını bozan bu hastalığın önemli ve değiştirilebilir risk faktörlerinden biri fiziksel inaktivitedir. Fiziksel inaktivite kemik iliği kaynaklı mezenkimal kök hücre farklılaşmasını adipogeneze yaklaştırıp osteoblastogenezden uzaklaştırırken; fiziksel aktivite ve egzersiz sağladığı vaskülarizasyon ve oluşturduğu mekanik yükleme yoluyla; piezoelektrik etki oluşumu, hormon- sitokin salınımı, sinyal yolları ve kodlamayan RNA'ların düzenlemesini sağlayarak kemik yapısı üzerinde olumlu etkiler yaratmaktadır. Kemik sağlığını korumak, denge kaybı, düşme ve buna bağlı kırık vb. durumları önlemek, genel fiziksel uygunluğu sağlamak için fiziksel aktivite ve egzersiz, kadınların yaşamında vazgeçilmez bir unsur haline gelmelidir. Literatürde farklı yoğunlukta fiziksel aktivite ve vibrasyon eğitimi, aerobik, kuvvetlendirme, denge ve kombine egzersiz müdahaleleri gibi egzersize dayalı eğitimlerin kemik yapısı üzerindeki etkileri farklılık göstermektedir. Çalışmalarda en fazla etkiyi kombine egzersiz müdahalelerinin sağladığı ve direnç egzersizlerinin bu müdahalelerde önemli bir komponent olduğu bildirilmiştir. Fiziksel aktivite ve egzersizin düzenli uygulanması önerilmekte, uzun süreli uygulanan egzersiz programlarının osteoporoz tedavisinde daha fazla gelişme sağladığı bildirilmektedir. Ancak programa katılan kişinin fiziksel uygunluğu, kırık riski ve varlığı göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır. Literatürde güncelliğini koruyan ve oldukça tartışılan konuyla ilgili olarak bu derleme kapsamında; fiziksel aktivite ve egzersizin kadınlarda osteoporoz üzerine etkisi, kılavuz önerileri ve kaçınılması gereken egzersizler incelenmiştir.

Keywords

Aktivite egzersiz osteoporoz kadın sağlığı kırık

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The Role of Physical Activity and Exercise in Preventing and Treating Osteoporosis in Women

Year 2023, , 73 - 81, 30.04.2023

Sümena Hareket , İlknur Naz Gürşan

https://doi.org/10.51754/cusbed.1181633

Abstract

Osteoporosis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality, affecting almost one out of every two women at any point in her life. One of the important and modifiable risk factors of this disease, which disrupts the bone structure, is physical inactivity. While physical inactivity brings bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell differentiation closer to adipogenesis and away from osteoblastogenesis; physical activity and exercise provide vascularization and mechanical loading through; the formation of piezo electric effect, hormone-cytokine release, signaling pathways and regulation of non-coding RNAs by providing positive effects on bone structure. To maintain bone health, loss of balance, fall and related fracture, etc. in order to prevent situations, to ensure general physical fitness, physical activity and exercise should become an indispensable element in the life of women. In the literature, the effects of physical activity and exercise-based trainings such as and vibration training, aerobics, strengthening, balance and combined exercise interventions with different intensity on bone structure vary. In studies, it has been reported that combined exercise interventions provide the greatest effect and that resistance exercises are an important component in these interventions. It is recommended to regularly practice physical activity and exercise, and it is reported that long-term exercise programs provide more improvement in the treatment of osteoporosis. However, the physical fitness of the person participating in the program, the risk of fractures and their presence should be taken into account. Within the scope of this review, regarding the subject that is kept up-to-date and highly discussed in the literature; the effect of physical activity and exercise on osteoporosis in women, guideline recommendations and exercises to avoid were examined.

Keywords

Activity exercise osteoporosis women fracture

References

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  • Alonso Pérez, J. L., Martín Pérez, S., Battaglino, A., Villafañe, J. H., Alonso-Sal, A., ve Sánchez Romero, E. A. (2021). An Up-Date of the Muscle Strengthening Exercise Effectiveness in Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis: A Qualitative Systematic Review. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10(11), 2229. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10112229
  • Alswat, K. A. (2017a). Gender Disparities in Osteoporosis. Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, 9(5), 382-387. https://doi.org/10.14740/jocmr2970w
  • Aziziyeh, R., Garcia Perlaza, J., Saleem, N., Kirazlı, Y., Akalın, E., McTavish, R. K., Duperrouzel, C., ve Cameron, C. (2020). The burden of osteoporosis in Turkey: A scorecard and economic model. Archives of Osteoporosis, 15(1), 128. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11657-020-00801-9
  • Benedetti, M. G., Furlini, G., Zati, A., ve Letizia Mauro, G. (2018). The Effectiveness of Physical Exercise on Bone Density in Osteoporotic Patients. BioMed Research International, 2018, 4840531. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4840531
  • Borer, K. T. (2005). Physical activity in the prevention and amelioration of osteoporosis in women: Interaction of mechanical, hormonal and dietary factors. Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 35(9), 779-830. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200535090-00004
  • Brooke-Wavell, K., Skelton, D. A., Barker, K. L., Clark, E. M., De Biase, S., Arnold, S., Paskins, Z., Robinson, K. R., Lewis, R. M., Tobias, J. H., Ward, K. A., Whitney, J., ve Leyland, S. (2022). Strong, steady and straight: UK consensus statement on physical activity and exercise for osteoporosis. British Journal of Sports Medicine, bjsports-2021-104634. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2021-104634
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  • Cawthon, P. M., Fullman, R. L., Marshall, L., Mackey, D. C., Fink, H. A., Cauley, J. A., Cummings, S. R., Orwoll, E. S., Ensrud, K. E., ve Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Research Group. (2008). Physical performance and risk of hip fractures in older men. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research: The Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 23(7), 1037-1044. https://doi.org/10.1359/jbmr.080227
  • Cosman, F., de Beur, S. J., LeBoff, M. S., Lewiecki, E. M., Tanner, B., Randall, S., Lindsay, R., ve National Osteoporosis Foundation. (2014). Clinician’s Guide to Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis. Osteoporosis International: A Journal Established as Result of Cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA, 25(10), 2359-2381. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-014-2794-2
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  • Çergel, Y., Topuz, O., Alkan, H., Sarsan, A., ve Sabir Akkoyunlu, N. (2019). The effects of short-term back extensor strength training in postmenopausal osteoporotic women with vertebral fractures: Comparison of supervised and home exercise program. Archives of Osteoporosis, 14(1), 82. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11657-019-0632-z
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There are 54 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Review
Authors

Sümena Hareket 0000-0002-2072-8731

İlknur Naz Gürşan 0000-0003-1160-6561

Early Pub Date April 26, 2023
Publication Date April 30, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023

Cite

APA Hareket, S., & Naz Gürşan, İ. (2023). Kadınlarda Fiziksel Aktivite ve Egzersizin Osteoporozu Önleme ve Tedavi Edici Rolü. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 8(1), 73-81. https://doi.org/10.51754/cusbed.1181633

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