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Sivas’ta Tüketilen Çiğ Sütlerde Aflatoksin M1 Varlığı

Year 2023, , 142 - 148, 31.08.2023

Gonca Şimşek , Sema Ağaoğlu

https://doi.org/10.51754/cusbed.1220151

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, Sivas ve yöresinde açık olarak satışa sunulan sütlerde aflatoksin M1 (AFM1) varlığı ve kalıntı düzeyi araştırıldı.

Metod: Bu amaçla, 60 çiğ inek sütü örneği materyal olarak kullanıldı. Süt örnekleri, 2017 yılı Ocak ve Şubat aylarında Sivas ili’nde bulunan satış yerleri ve civar köylerden periyodik olarak toplandı. AFM1 analizlerinde ELISA tekniği uygulandı.

Sonuç: Analiz sonuçlarına göre, 55 çiğ süt örneğinde (%91,6) AFM1 tespit edildi. AFM1 değerleri en düşük 1,56, en yüksek 133,78 ve ortalama 36,59±3,98 ng/L olarak belirlendi. AFM1 düzeyi 43 örnekte (%78,2) Avrupa Birliği Komisyonu ve Türk Gıda Kodeksi tarafından bildirilen yasal limite (50 ng/L) uygun bulundu. AFM1 miktarı 12 örnekte (%21,8) 50 ng/L üzerinde belirlendi. Analizi yapılan 5 örnekte (%8,3) tespit edilebilir düzeyde AFM1 saptanmadı.

Tartışma: Araştırma sonuçları irdelendiğinde, Sivas ili ve yakın köylerden toplanan çiğ inek sütü örneklerinin önemli kısmının (%91,6) AFM1 ile kontamine olduğu saptanmıştır. Bu sonuç, tüketici açısından potansiyel risk oluşturmaktadır. Bununla birlikte, standart değerlere uygunluk gösteren örnek sayısı (43 örnek) ve oranının (%78,2) daha yüksek olması sevindirici bir bulgudur.

Keywords

Aflatoksin M1 çiğ süt ELISA

References

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PRESENCE OF AFLATOXIN M1 IN RAW MILK CONSUMED IN SİVAS

Year 2023, , 142 - 148, 31.08.2023

Gonca Şimşek , Sema Ağaoğlu

https://doi.org/10.51754/cusbed.1220151

Abstract

Objective: In this study, aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) presence and residue levels were investigated in milk presented for sale in Sivas and its region.

Methods: For this purpose, 60 raw cow milk samples were used as a material. Milk samples were collected periodically in January and February 2017 from central sales locations and surrounding villages. ELISA technique was applied in AFM1 analyzes.

Results: According to the analysis results, AFM1 was detected in 55 raw milk samples (%91.6). The lowest level of AFM1 was found to be 1.56, the highest was 133.78 and the mean was 36.59±3.98 ng/L. AFM1 level was approved to the limits set by European Union and Turkish Food Codex in 43 samples (%78,2). AFM1 values were determined over 50 ng/L in 12 samples (%21.8). AFM1 was not determined in 5 samples (%8,3) analyzed at a detectable level.

Conclusion: When the research results were examined, it was determined that a significant part (91.6%) of raw cow milk samples collected from Sivas province and nearby villages were contaminated with AFM1. This result poses a potential risk to the consumer. However, it is a pleasing finding that the number of samples (43 samples) and sample rate (78.2%) that comply with the standard values are higher.

Keywords

Aflatoksin M1 çiğ süt ELISA

References

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  • Asghar, M. A., Ahmed, A., & Asghar, M. A. (2018). Aflatoxin M1 in fresh milk collected from local markets of Karachi, Pakistan. Food additives & contaminants: part B, 11(3), 167-174.
  • Assem, E., & Mohamad, A. (2011). A survey on the occurrence of aflatoxin M1 in raw and processed milk samples marketed in Lebanon. Food Control, 22(12), 1856-1858.
  • Bahrami, R., Shahbazi, Y., & Nikousefat, Z. (2016). Aflatoxin M1 in milk and traditional dairy products from west part of Iran: occurrence and seasonal variation with an emphasis on risk assessment of human exposure. Food Control, 62, 250-256.
  • Bakırcı, İ. (1995). Sütlerde aflatoksin M1 oluşumu ve ürünlere geçişi üzerinde bir araştırma (Doktora Tezi, Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Van).
  • Bakirci, I. (2001). A study on the occurrence of aflatoxin M1 in milk and milk products produced in Van province of Turkey. Food control, 12(1), 47-51.
  • Battacone, G., Nudda, A., Palomba, M., Pascale, M., Nicolussi, P., & Pulina, G. (2005). Transfer of aflatoxin B1 from feed to milk and from milk to curd and whey in dairy sheep fed artificially contaminated concentrates. Journal of Dairy Science, 88(9), 3063-3069.
  • Bilandžić, N., Varenina, I., Kolanović, B. S., Luburić, Ð. B., Benić, M., Cvetnić, L., Tankovic S & Cvetnić, Ž. (2016). Monitoring of aflatoxin M1 in raw cow milk in Croatia during winter 2015. Mljekarstvo, 66(1), 81-85.
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  • Codeks Alimentarius Commission (CAC). (2001). Comments Submitted on the draft maximum level for aflatoxin M1 in milk. Codeks Committee on Food Additives and Contaminants 33rd Sesions, Hauge, The Netherlands.
  • Creppy, E. E. (2002). Update of survey, regulation and toxic effects of mycotoxins in Europe. Toxicology letters, 127(1-3), 19-28.
  • Darsanaki, R. K., Mohammadi, M., Kolavani, M. H., Issazadeh, K., & Aliabadi, M. A. (2013). Determination of aflatoxin M1 levels in raw milk samples in Gilan, Iran. Adv Stud Biol, 5(4), 151-6.
  • Delialioğlu, N., Otağ, F., Öcal, N. D., Aslan, G., & Emekdaş, G. (2010). Mersin ilinde çiğ ve market sütlerinde aflatoksin M1 düzeyinin araştırılması. Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni, 44(1), 87-91.
  • Demir, T., & Ağaoğlu, S. (2023). Exposure assessment of aflatoxin M1 through ingestion of infant formula in Türkiye. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, 11(2), 396-402.
  • Eker, F. Y., Muratoglu, K., & Eser, A. G. (2019). Detection of aflatoxin M1 in milk and milk products in Turkey. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 191(8), 1-8.
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  • Galvano, F., Galofaro, V., & Galvano, G. (1996). Occurrence and stability of aflatoxin M1 in milk and milk products: a worldwide review. Journal of Food protection, 59(10), 1079-1090.
  • Gerbers, A.E., & Caselman, W. (1995). Human hepatocellular carsinom and aflatoxins. Journal of Hepatology, 19, 312-315.
  • Ghanem, I., & Orfi, M. (2009). Aflatoxin M1 in raw, pasteurized and powdered milk available in the Syrian market. Food Control, 20(6), 603-605.
  • Golge, O. (2014). A survey on the occurrence of aflatoxin M1 in raw milk produced in Adana province of Turkey. Food Control, 45, 150-155.
  • Han, R. W., Zheng, N., Wang, J. Q., Zhen, Y. P., Xu, X. M., & Li, S. L. (2013). Survey of aflatoxin in dairy cow feed and raw milk in China. Food control, 34(1), 35-39.
  • Hashemi, M. (2016). A survey of aflatoxin M1 in cow milk in Southern Iran. Journal of food and drug analysis, 24(4), 888-893.
  • Hazer, A. (2011). Denizli ve Aydın illerinden elde edilen çiğ sütlerde aflatoksin M1 prevalansı ve miktarının aranması (Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Aydın).
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  • International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC).(1993). IARC monographs on the evaulation of carcinogenic risks to humans, some naturally occurring substances: Food items and constituents, heterocyclic aromatic amines and mycotoxins. No. 56, Lyon, France.
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  • Kamkar, A., Jahed, K. G. R., & Alavi, S. A. (2011). Occurrence of aflatoxin M1 in raw milk produced in Ardebil of Iran. Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering, 8(2), 123-128.
  • Kamkar, A., Yazdankhah, S., Mohammadi Nafchi, A., & Mozaffari Nejad, A. S. (2014). Aflatoxin M1 in raw cow and buffalo milk in Shush city of Iran. Food Additives & Contaminants: Part B, 7(1), 21-24.
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There are 68 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Veterinary Sciences (Other)
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Gonca Şimşek 0000-0001-5252-8040

Sema Ağaoğlu 0000-0001-6165-1614

Publication Date August 31, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023

Cite

Vancouver Şimşek G, Ağaoğlu S. Sivas’ta Tüketilen Çiğ Sütlerde Aflatoksin M1 Varlığı. J Cumhuriyet Univ Health Sci Inst. 2023;8(2):142-8.

The Journal of Sivas Cumhuriyet University Institute of Health Sciences is an international, peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Institute of Health Sciences.