Research Article
Prevalence of Iron Deficiency Anemia in the First Trimester of Pregnancy and Knowledge Levels of Pregnant Women About the Rational Drug Use of Iron Preparations
Abstract
This study was planned to determine the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in the first trimester of pregnancy and knowledge levels of pregnant women about the rational drug use of iron preparations. This descriptive study was conducted in family health centers located in the center of Sivas. The sample calculated using power analysis consisted of 1050 women, including 525 nulliparous (group I) and 525 multiparous (group II) women. The data of the study were collected by using the "Personal Information Form" created by the researchers in line with the literature and the "Rational Drug Use Scale". T-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Chi-square test, Exact test, Pearson correlation coefficient were used in independent groups in the evaluation of the data obtained from the study. According to the results obtained from the study, hemoglobin value (11.72±6.10 mg/dl) and rational drug use mean score (36.36±2.62) of nulliparous pregnants were found to be higher than multiparous women (10.66±2.20; 35.74±2.51) (p<0.05). The presence of anemia was higher in multiparous pregnant women (45.0%) than nulliparous ones (24.0%). Rational drug use knowledge level of multiparous pregnant women with anemia and who did not receive information about iron drug use (34.97±2.60; 34.61±2.62) was lower than nulliparous pregnant women (35.92±2.10; 35.77±2.66) (p<0.05). In line with these results, it was concluded that the knowledge level of rational drug use about iron preparation that pregnant women should use during pregnancy was not sufficient. There was anemia in nulliparous pregnant women, especially in multiparous ones.
References
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- Goonewardene, M., Shehata, M., & Hamad, A. (2012). Anaemia in pregnancy. Best practice & research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 26(1), 3-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2011.10.010
- Janbek, J., Sarki, M., Specht, IO., & Heitmann, BLA. (2019). Systematic literature review of the relation between iron status/anemia in pregnancy and offspring neurodevelopment. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 1-18. Kamau, M., Kimani, S., & Mirie, W. (2018). Counselling and knowledge on iron and folic acid supplementation (IFAS) among pregnant women in Kiambu County, Kenya: a cross-sectional study. AAS open research, 1, 21. Doi: 10.12688/aasopenres. 12891.3
- Kamau, M., Mirie, W., Kimani, S., & Mugoya, I. (2019). Effect of community based health education on knowledge and attitude towards iron and folic acid supplementation among pregnant women in Kiambu County, Kenya: A quasi experimental study. PLoS One. 25; 14(11), e0224361. Doi: 10.1371/journal. pone.0224361. Karaman, A., Ayoğlu, T., Aydoğan, MN., & Kuğu, E. (2019). Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin akılcı ilaç kullanma durumları. Florence Nightingale Journal of Nursing. 27(2), 143-156. Doi: 10.26650/FNJN18021.
- Kavak, EÇ., & Kavak, SB. (2017). İlimizde term gebeliklerde anemi sıklığı ve maternal yaş ile parite ilişkisi. Perinatal Journal/Perinatoloji Dergisi, 25(1), 10. Doi: https://doi.org/10.2399/prn.17.0251002
- Kuş, E., & Durna, Z. (2016). Akılcı ilaç kullanımda hemşirenin rolü ve eğitimin önemi. Sağlık ve Toplum Dergisi, 26(2), 3-9.
- Küçükceran, H., Başer, DA., Ağadayı, E., Alsancak, AD., & Kahveci, R. (2018). Ankara ili Akyurt bölgesindeki gebelerde demir eksikliği anemisi prevalansı ve demir eksikliğine sebep olan faktörler. Konuralp Tıp Dergisi, 10(1), 13-19. https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.316896.
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- Miral, M., & Beji, NK. (2017). Gebelikte ilaç kullanımı ve danışmanlık. HSP, 4(2), 142-148. Doi:10.17681/hsp-dergisi.316897
- Moll, R., & Davis, B. (2017). Iron, vitamin B12 and folate. Medicine, 45(4), 198-203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mpmed.2017.01.007.
- Nguyen, PH., Young, M., Gonzalez-Casanova, I., Pham, HQ., Nguyen, H., Truong, TV., ... & Ramakrishnan, U. (2016). Impact of preconception micronutrient supplementation on anemia and iron status during pregnancy and postpartum: a randomized controlled trial in rural Vietnam. PloS One, 11(12). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0167416.
- Öztürk, M., Öztürk, Ö., Ulubay, M., Karaşahin, E., Özgürtaş, T., Yenen, M., Aydın, A., Fıratgil, F., & Bodur, S. (2017). Anemia prevalence at the time of pregnancy detection. Turk J Obstet Gynecol, 14, 176-80. doi:10.4274/tjod.06337.
- Prakash, S., & Yadav, K. (2015). Maternal anemia in pregnancy: an overview. International Journal of Pharmacy and Phamateutical Research Human, 4(3), 164-179. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/306394937.
- Sade, G., & Demirel, G. (2020). Demir kullanımı ve prekonsepsiyonel bakım, danışmanlık. Prekonsepsiyonel Bakım ve Danışmanlık Kitabı, Demirel G, Sayıner D.F. (Ed.), 1. Baskı, Akademisyen Kitabevi, Ankara, ss. 55-66. ISBN: 978-625-7707-88-6
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Birinci Trimesterdeki Gebelerde Demir Eksikliği Anemisi Prevalansı ve Gebelerin Demir Preparatı Konusunda Akılcı İlaç Kullanımına Yönelik Bilgi Düzeyleri
Abstract
Bu araştırma, birinci trimesterdeki gebelerde demir eksikliği anemisi prevalansını ve gebelerin demir preparatı konusunda akılcı ilaç kullanımına yönelik bilgi düzeylerini belirlemek amacıyla planlanmıştır. Tanımlayıcı tipte olan araştırma Sivas merkezinde yer alan aile sağlığı merkezlerinde yapılmıştır. Güç analizi kullanılarak hesaplanan örneklemi 525 nullipar (I. grup) ve 525 multipar (II. grup) kadın olmak üzere 1050 kadın oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri araştırmacılar tarafından literatür bilgisi doğrultusunda oluşturulan “Kişisel Bilgi Formu” ve “Akılcı İlaç Kullanımı Ölçeği” kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen verilerin değerlendirilmesinde bağımsız gruplarda t testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA), Ki-kare testi, Exact test, Pearson korelasyon katsayısı kullanılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre, nullipar gebelerde hemoglobin değeri (11,72±6,10 mg/dl) ve akılcı ilaç kullanımı puan ortalaması (36.36±2.62) multiparlara göre (10,66±2,20; 35.74±2.51) daha yüksektir (p<0,05). Multipar gebelerde (%45,0) nulliparlara (%24,0) göre anemi varlığı daha fazladır. Anemisi olan ve demir ilacı kullanımı ile ilgili bilgi almayan multipar gebelerin akılcı ilaç kullanım bilgi düzeyi (34.97±2.60; 34.61±2.62) nullipar gebelere (35.92±2.10; 35.77±2.66) göre daha düşüktür (p<0.05). Elde edilen bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda gebelerin; gebelik döneminde kullanmaları gereken demir preparatı konusundaki akılcı ilaç kullanımı bilgi düzeylerinin yeterli olmadığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Özellikle multipar gebeler başta olmak üzere nullipar gebelerde de anemi varlığı söz konusudur.
References
- Abu-Ouf, N., & Jan, M. (2015). The impact of maternal iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia on child’s health. Saudi Med J, 36(2), 146-149. Doi: 10.15537/smj.2015.2.10289.
- Acheampong, K., Appiah, S., & Baffour-Awuah, D. (2018). Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic of a selected hospital in Accra, Ghana. International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 8(1), 186-193. https:/ www.ijhsr.org/IJHSR_Vol.8_
- Adam, I., & Ali, AA. (2016). Anemia during pregnancy. Nutritional Deficiency, InTechOpen Book, 111-126. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/63211.
- Adam, I., Ibrahim, Y., & Elhardello, O. (2018). Prevalence, types and determinants of anemia among pregnant women in Sudan: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Hematology, 18(1),1-8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12878-018-0124-1.
- Akıcı, A., Kırmızı, Nİ., & Göçmen, G. (2017). Akılcı ilaç kullanımı ilkeleri doğrultusunda diş hekimliğinde kişisel analjezik listesi oluşturulması. Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal, 21(4), 730-740. Doi: 10.12991/mpj.2017.1
- Amin, SB., Orlando, M., & Wang, H. (2013). Latent iron deficiency in utero is associated with abnormal auditory neural myelination in ≥ 35 weeks gestational age infants. J Pediat, 163(5), 1267-1271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.06.020.
- Bala, K., Era, N., Mukherjee, S., & Bordolai, SK. (2019). Drug usage in pregnancy in an out patient department in Tertiary Care Hospıtal in Bihar. European Journal of Biomedical, 6(11), 350-357. http://www.ejbps.com.
- Balık, G., Şentürk, Ş., Güven, ESG., Kağıtçı, M., & Şahin, FK. (2015). Doğu Karadeniz bölgesindeki miadında gebe kadınlarda anemi sıklığı ve bazı hematolojik parametrelerin analizi. Medeniyet Medical Journal, 30(1), 8-12. Doi: 10.5222/MMJ.2015.008.
- Barroso, F., Allard S., Kahan, BC., Connolly, C., Smethurst, H., Choo, L., ... & Stanworth, S. (2011). Prevalence of maternal anaemia and its predictors: a multi-centre study. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, 159(1), 99-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2011.07.041.
- Bencaiova, G., Burkhardt, T., & Breymann, C. (2012). Anemia prevalence and risk factors in pregnancy. European Journal of Internal Medicine, 23(6), 529-533. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim.2012.04.008.
- Bilgin, Z., & Demirci, N. (2019). Gebelikte demir ve folat eksikliği anemisinde kanıta dayalı güncel yaklaşımlar. Zeynep Kamil Tıp Bülteni, 50(3), 167-174. https://doi.org/10.16948/zktipb.469571.
- Breymann, C. (2015). Iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy. Seminars in Hematology, 52(4), 339-347. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.seminhematol.2015.07.003.
- Bucak, FK., Özcanarslan, F., & Demir, M. (2017). Şanlıurfa kadın hastalıkları ve doğum hastanesine başvuran gebelerde anemi sıklığı ve ilişkili faktörler. Sağlık Akademisyenleri Dergisi, 4(2), 103-109. Doi: 10.5455/sad.13-1492422573.
- Demir, C., Kocaman, CE., & Dilek, İ. (2011). Gebelikte serum ferritin düzeyleri. Balkan Med J, 28, 23-25. Doi: 10.5174/tutfd.2009.02917.1
- Demir, R., & Taşpınar, A. (2019). Gebelikte akılcı ilaç kullanımı. Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi, 28(3), 193-200. Doi:10.17827/Aktd.426788.
- Demirtaş, Z., Dağtekin, G., Sağlan, R., Alaiye, M., Önsüz, MF., Işıklı, B., Kılıç, SF., & Metintaş, S. (2018). Akılcı ilaç kullanımı ölçeği geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği. ESTÜDAM Halk Sağlığı Dergisi, 3(3), 37-46.
- Demis, A., Geda, B., Alemayehu, T., & Abebe, H. (2019). Iron and folic acid supplementation adherence among pregnant women attending antenatal care in North Wollo Zone northern Ethiopia: institution based cross-sectional study. BMC Research Notes, 12(1), 107. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-019-4142-2.
- Desta, M., Kassie, B., Chanie, H., Mulugeta, H., Yirga, T., Temesgen, H., ... & Merkeb, Y. (2019). Adherence of iron and folic acid supplementation and determinants among pregnant women in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Reproductive Health, 16(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-019-0848-9.
- Ekenler, Ş., & Koçoğlu, D. (2016). Bireylerin akılcı ilaç kullanımıyla ilgili bilgi ve uygulamaları. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Dergisi, 3(3), 44-55.
- Goonewardene, M., Shehata, M., & Hamad, A. (2012). Anaemia in pregnancy. Best practice & research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 26(1), 3-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2011.10.010
- Janbek, J., Sarki, M., Specht, IO., & Heitmann, BLA. (2019). Systematic literature review of the relation between iron status/anemia in pregnancy and offspring neurodevelopment. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 1-18. Kamau, M., Kimani, S., & Mirie, W. (2018). Counselling and knowledge on iron and folic acid supplementation (IFAS) among pregnant women in Kiambu County, Kenya: a cross-sectional study. AAS open research, 1, 21. Doi: 10.12688/aasopenres. 12891.3
- Kamau, M., Mirie, W., Kimani, S., & Mugoya, I. (2019). Effect of community based health education on knowledge and attitude towards iron and folic acid supplementation among pregnant women in Kiambu County, Kenya: A quasi experimental study. PLoS One. 25; 14(11), e0224361. Doi: 10.1371/journal. pone.0224361. Karaman, A., Ayoğlu, T., Aydoğan, MN., & Kuğu, E. (2019). Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin akılcı ilaç kullanma durumları. Florence Nightingale Journal of Nursing. 27(2), 143-156. Doi: 10.26650/FNJN18021.
- Kavak, EÇ., & Kavak, SB. (2017). İlimizde term gebeliklerde anemi sıklığı ve maternal yaş ile parite ilişkisi. Perinatal Journal/Perinatoloji Dergisi, 25(1), 10. Doi: https://doi.org/10.2399/prn.17.0251002
- Kuş, E., & Durna, Z. (2016). Akılcı ilaç kullanımda hemşirenin rolü ve eğitimin önemi. Sağlık ve Toplum Dergisi, 26(2), 3-9.
- Küçükceran, H., Başer, DA., Ağadayı, E., Alsancak, AD., & Kahveci, R. (2018). Ankara ili Akyurt bölgesindeki gebelerde demir eksikliği anemisi prevalansı ve demir eksikliğine sebep olan faktörler. Konuralp Tıp Dergisi, 10(1), 13-19. https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.316896.
- Lopez, A., Cacoub, P., Macdougall, IC., & Peyrin-Biroulet, L. (2016). Iron deficiency anaemia. The Lancet, 387(10021), 907-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60865-0
- Miral, M., & Beji, NK. (2017). Gebelikte ilaç kullanımı ve danışmanlık. HSP, 4(2), 142-148. Doi:10.17681/hsp-dergisi.316897
- Moll, R., & Davis, B. (2017). Iron, vitamin B12 and folate. Medicine, 45(4), 198-203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mpmed.2017.01.007.
- Nguyen, PH., Young, M., Gonzalez-Casanova, I., Pham, HQ., Nguyen, H., Truong, TV., ... & Ramakrishnan, U. (2016). Impact of preconception micronutrient supplementation on anemia and iron status during pregnancy and postpartum: a randomized controlled trial in rural Vietnam. PloS One, 11(12). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0167416.
- Öztürk, M., Öztürk, Ö., Ulubay, M., Karaşahin, E., Özgürtaş, T., Yenen, M., Aydın, A., Fıratgil, F., & Bodur, S. (2017). Anemia prevalence at the time of pregnancy detection. Turk J Obstet Gynecol, 14, 176-80. doi:10.4274/tjod.06337.
- Prakash, S., & Yadav, K. (2015). Maternal anemia in pregnancy: an overview. International Journal of Pharmacy and Phamateutical Research Human, 4(3), 164-179. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/306394937.
- Sade, G., & Demirel, G. (2020). Demir kullanımı ve prekonsepsiyonel bakım, danışmanlık. Prekonsepsiyonel Bakım ve Danışmanlık Kitabı, Demirel G, Sayıner D.F. (Ed.), 1. Baskı, Akademisyen Kitabevi, Ankara, ss. 55-66. ISBN: 978-625-7707-88-6
- Satyanarayana, P., Manaswi, C., & Kalyani, P. (2014). Oral iron therapy in anaemic and non anaemic pregnant women. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 4 (3), 1-4.
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There are 44 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Health Services and Systems (Other) |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Early Pub Date | April 29, 2024 |
| Publication Date | April 30, 2024 |
| Submission Date | March 13, 2024 |
| Acceptance Date | March 28, 2024 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2024 |
