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Symptom Changes in COVID-19 Patients in the Disease Process and Differences in Symptoms According to Some Demographic and Clinical Characteristics

Year 2022, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 39 - 45, 30.04.2022

İrem Akova , Firdevs Kuzu , Esma Kılıç

https://doi.org/10.51754/cusbed.1062649

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the change of symptoms in COVID-19 patients over a ten-day period and their differences according to some characteristics. This retrospective epidemiological study was conducted using the records of all patients who were found to be positive for COVID-19 between September 2020 and November 2020 in Sivas. Of the 9985 COVID-19 cases, 4159 (41.7%) were between the ages of 19-40, 5327 (53.4%) were women, 9227 (93.4%) received outpatient treatment, 7019 (70.3%) had no chronic disease, 8552 (85.6%) were non-smokers. Headache, fever-chills, joint pain were the most common symptoms on the first day of disease, while cough, fatigue, and loss of smell were the most common on the tenth day. Headache, joint pain, fatigue, cough, waist-back pain, loss of smell/taste and runny nose were in forefront in the 19-40 age group. Fever-chills were more common in male, while many of the other symptoms were more common in female. Headache, throat ache, loss of smell/taste, and diarrhea were common in patients with no chronic disease. Cough, nausea-vomiting, and abdominal pain were predominant in non-smokers. Those at the young age group, female, those without chronic diseases and non-smokers can also develop COVID-19 symptoms.

Keywords

Chronic disease COVID-19 Gender Smoking Symptoms

References

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  • Adhikari SP, Meng S, Wu Y-J, Mao Y-P, Ye R-X, Wang Q-Z, Sun C, Sylvia S, Rozelle S, Raat H, Zhou H (2020). Epidemiology, causes, clinical manifestation and diagnosis, prevention and control of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) during the early outbreak period: a scoping review. Infect Dis Poverty 9(1): 29. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00646-x
  • Çalıca Utku A, Budak G, Karabay O, Güçlü E, Okan HD, Vatan A (2020). Main symptoms in patients presenting in the COVID-19 period. Scott Med J 65(4): 127–132. https://doi.org/10.1177/0036933020949253
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2020). People who are at higher risk for severe illness. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/need-extra-precautions/groups-at-higher-risk.html
  • Chen H, Guo J, Wang C, Luo F, Yu X, Zhang W, Li J, Zhao D, Xu D, Gong Q, Liao J, Yang H, Hou W, Zhang Y (2020). Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records. Lancet 395(10226): 809–815. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30360-3
  • Chen J, Qi T, Liu L, Ling Y, Qian Z, Li T, Li F, Xu Q, Zhang Y, Xu S, Song Z, Zeng Y, Shen Y, Shi Y, Zhu T, Lu H (2020). Clinical progression of patients with COVID-19 in Shanghai, China. J Infect 80(5): e1–e6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.004
  • Finsterer J, Stollberger C (2020). Causes of hypogeusia/hyposmia in SARS‐CoV2 infected patients. J Med Virol 92(10): 1793–1794. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25903
  • Gostic K, Gomez AC, Mummah RO, Kucharski AJ, Lloyd-Smith JO (2020). Estimated effectiveness of symptom and risk screening to prevent the spread of COVID-19. Elife 9:. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.55570
  • Grant Id MC, Geoghegan Id L, Arbyn M, Mohammed Z, Mcguinness L, Clarke EL, Wade Id RG (2020). The prevalence of symptoms in 24,410 adults infected by the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19): A systematic review and meta-analysis of 148 studies from 9 countries. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0234765
  • Jain V, Yuan J-M (2020). Predictive symptoms and comorbidities for severe COVID-19 and intensive care unit admission: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Public Health 65(5): 533–546. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-020-01390-7
  • Jiang F, Deng L, Zhang L, Cai Y, Cheung CW, Xia Z (2020). Review of the Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). J Gen Intern Med 35(5): 1545–1549. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-020-05762-w
  • Jin X, Lian J-S, Hu J-H, Gao J, Zheng L, Zhang Y-M, Hao S-R, Jia H-Y, Cai H, Zhang X-L, Yu G-D, Xu K-J, Wang X-Y, Gu J-Q, Zhang S-Y, Ye C-Y, Jin C-L, Lu Y-F, Yu X, … Yang Y (2020). Epidemiological, clinical and virological characteristics of 74 cases of coronavirus-infected disease 2019 (COVID-19) with gastrointestinal symptoms. Gut 69(6): 1002–1009. https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2020-320926
  • Lee Y, Min P, Lee S, Kim S-W (2020). Prevalence and Duration of Acute Loss of Smell or Taste in COVID-19 Patients. J Korean Med Sci 35(18):. https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e174
  • Li Q, Guan X, Wu P, Wang X, Zhou L, Tong Y, Ren R, Leung KSM, Lau EHY, Wong JY, Xing X, Xiang N, Wu Y, Li C, Chen Q, Li D, Liu T, Zhao J, Liu M, … Feng Z (2020). Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus–Infected Pneumonia. N Engl J Med 382(13): 1199–1207. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2001316
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  • WHO (2020). Rolling Updates on Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novelcoronavirus-2019/events-as-they-happen
  • Wölfel R, Corman VM, Guggemos W, Seilmaier M, Zange S, Müller MA, Niemeyer D, Jones TC, Vollmar P, Rothe C, Hoelscher M, Bleicker T, Brünink S, Schneider J, Ehmann R, Zwirglmaier K, Drosten C, Wendtner C (2020). Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019. Nature 581(7809): 465–469. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2196-x
  • Wu Z, McGoogan JM (2020). Characteristics of and Important Lessons From the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in China. JAMA 323(13): 1239. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.2648
  • Xu X-W, Wu X-X, Jiang X-G, Xu K-J, Ying L-J, Ma C-L, Li S-B, Wang H-Y, Zhang S, Gao H-N, Sheng J-F, Cai H-L, Qiu Y-Q, Li L-J (2020a). Clinical findings in a group of patients infected with the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) outside of Wuhan, China: retrospective case series. BMJ m606. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m606
  • Xu X-W, Wu X-X, Jiang X-G, Xu K-J, Ying L-J, Ma C-L, Li S-B, Wang H-Y, Zhang S, Gao H-N, Sheng J-F, Cai H-L, Qiu Y-Q, Li L-J (2020b). Clinical findings in a group of patients infected with the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) outside of Wuhan, China: retrospective case series. BMJ 368: m792. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m792
  • Yang J, Zheng Y, Gou X, Pu K, Chen Z, Guo Q, Ji R, Wang H, Wang Y, Zhou Y (2020). Prevalence of comorbidities and its effects in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Infect Dis 94: 91–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.017

Symptom Changes in COVID-19 Patients in the Disease Process and Differences in Symptoms According to Some Demographic and Clinical Characteristics

Year 2022, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 39 - 45, 30.04.2022

İrem Akova , Firdevs Kuzu , Esma Kılıç

https://doi.org/10.51754/cusbed.1062649

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, COVID-19 hastalarında semptomların on günlük bir süre içindeki değişimini ve bazı özelliklere göre farklılıklarını değerlendirmektir. Bu retrospektif epidemiyolojik çalışma, Sivas'ta Eylül 2020 ile Kasım 2020 arasında COVID-19 pozitif bulunan tüm hastaların kayıtları kullanılarak yapılmıştır. 9985 COVID-19 vakasının 4159'u (%41,7) 19-40 yaşları arasındaydı, 5327'si (%53,4) kadındı, 9227'si (%93,4) ayakta tedavi görmüştü, 7019'unun (%70,3) kronik bir hastalığı yoktu, 8552’si (%85.6) sigara içmiyordu. Hastalığın ilk gününde baş ağrısı, ateş-üşüme, eklem ağrıları, onuncu günde ise öksürük, yorgunluk ve koku kaybı en sık görülen semptomlardı. 19-40 yaş grubunda baş ağrısı, eklem ağrısı, yorgunluk, öksürük, bel-sırt ağrısı, koku/tat kaybı ve burun akıntısı ön plandaydı. Ateş-üşüme erkeklerde daha yaygınken, diğer semptomların çoğu kadınlarda daha yaygındı. Kronik hastalığı olmayan hastalarda baş ağrısı, boğaz ağrısı, koku/tat kaybı ve ishal yaygındı. Sigara içmeyenlerde öksürük, bulantı-kusma ve karın ağrısı baskındı. Genç yaş grubundakiler, kadınlar, kronik hastalığı olmayanlar ve sigara içmeyenler de COVID-19 semptomları geliştirebilmektedir.

Keywords

Kronik hastalık COVID-19 Cinsiyet Sigara içmek Semptomlar

References

  • Acar T, Acıman Demirel E, Afşar N, Akçalı A, Akman Demir G, Alagöz AN, Angın Mengi T, Arsava EM, Ayta S, Bebek N, Bilgiç B, Boz C, Çakar A, Çelebisoy N, Çevik MU, Delen F, Durmuş Tekçe H, Ekmekçi H, Elmalı AD, … Yön Mİ (2020). The COVID-19 from Neurological Overview. Turkish J Neurol 26(2): 58–108. https://doi.org/10.4274/tnd.2020.73669
  • Adhikari SP, Meng S, Wu Y-J, Mao Y-P, Ye R-X, Wang Q-Z, Sun C, Sylvia S, Rozelle S, Raat H, Zhou H (2020). Epidemiology, causes, clinical manifestation and diagnosis, prevention and control of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) during the early outbreak period: a scoping review. Infect Dis Poverty 9(1): 29. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00646-x
  • Çalıca Utku A, Budak G, Karabay O, Güçlü E, Okan HD, Vatan A (2020). Main symptoms in patients presenting in the COVID-19 period. Scott Med J 65(4): 127–132. https://doi.org/10.1177/0036933020949253
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2020). People who are at higher risk for severe illness. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/need-extra-precautions/groups-at-higher-risk.html
  • Chen H, Guo J, Wang C, Luo F, Yu X, Zhang W, Li J, Zhao D, Xu D, Gong Q, Liao J, Yang H, Hou W, Zhang Y (2020). Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records. Lancet 395(10226): 809–815. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30360-3
  • Chen J, Qi T, Liu L, Ling Y, Qian Z, Li T, Li F, Xu Q, Zhang Y, Xu S, Song Z, Zeng Y, Shen Y, Shi Y, Zhu T, Lu H (2020). Clinical progression of patients with COVID-19 in Shanghai, China. J Infect 80(5): e1–e6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.004
  • Finsterer J, Stollberger C (2020). Causes of hypogeusia/hyposmia in SARS‐CoV2 infected patients. J Med Virol 92(10): 1793–1794. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25903
  • Gostic K, Gomez AC, Mummah RO, Kucharski AJ, Lloyd-Smith JO (2020). Estimated effectiveness of symptom and risk screening to prevent the spread of COVID-19. Elife 9:. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.55570
  • Grant Id MC, Geoghegan Id L, Arbyn M, Mohammed Z, Mcguinness L, Clarke EL, Wade Id RG (2020). The prevalence of symptoms in 24,410 adults infected by the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19): A systematic review and meta-analysis of 148 studies from 9 countries. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0234765
  • Jain V, Yuan J-M (2020). Predictive symptoms and comorbidities for severe COVID-19 and intensive care unit admission: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Public Health 65(5): 533–546. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-020-01390-7
  • Jiang F, Deng L, Zhang L, Cai Y, Cheung CW, Xia Z (2020). Review of the Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). J Gen Intern Med 35(5): 1545–1549. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-020-05762-w
  • Jin X, Lian J-S, Hu J-H, Gao J, Zheng L, Zhang Y-M, Hao S-R, Jia H-Y, Cai H, Zhang X-L, Yu G-D, Xu K-J, Wang X-Y, Gu J-Q, Zhang S-Y, Ye C-Y, Jin C-L, Lu Y-F, Yu X, … Yang Y (2020). Epidemiological, clinical and virological characteristics of 74 cases of coronavirus-infected disease 2019 (COVID-19) with gastrointestinal symptoms. Gut 69(6): 1002–1009. https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2020-320926
  • Lee Y, Min P, Lee S, Kim S-W (2020). Prevalence and Duration of Acute Loss of Smell or Taste in COVID-19 Patients. J Korean Med Sci 35(18):. https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e174
  • Li Q, Guan X, Wu P, Wang X, Zhou L, Tong Y, Ren R, Leung KSM, Lau EHY, Wong JY, Xing X, Xiang N, Wu Y, Li C, Chen Q, Li D, Liu T, Zhao J, Liu M, … Feng Z (2020). Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus–Infected Pneumonia. N Engl J Med 382(13): 1199–1207. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2001316
  • Wang C, Horby PW, Hayden FG, Gao GF (2020). A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern. Lancet 395(10223): 470–473. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30185-9
  • WHO (2020). Rolling Updates on Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novelcoronavirus-2019/events-as-they-happen
  • Wölfel R, Corman VM, Guggemos W, Seilmaier M, Zange S, Müller MA, Niemeyer D, Jones TC, Vollmar P, Rothe C, Hoelscher M, Bleicker T, Brünink S, Schneider J, Ehmann R, Zwirglmaier K, Drosten C, Wendtner C (2020). Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019. Nature 581(7809): 465–469. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2196-x
  • Wu Z, McGoogan JM (2020). Characteristics of and Important Lessons From the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in China. JAMA 323(13): 1239. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.2648
  • Xu X-W, Wu X-X, Jiang X-G, Xu K-J, Ying L-J, Ma C-L, Li S-B, Wang H-Y, Zhang S, Gao H-N, Sheng J-F, Cai H-L, Qiu Y-Q, Li L-J (2020a). Clinical findings in a group of patients infected with the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) outside of Wuhan, China: retrospective case series. BMJ m606. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m606
  • Xu X-W, Wu X-X, Jiang X-G, Xu K-J, Ying L-J, Ma C-L, Li S-B, Wang H-Y, Zhang S, Gao H-N, Sheng J-F, Cai H-L, Qiu Y-Q, Li L-J (2020b). Clinical findings in a group of patients infected with the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) outside of Wuhan, China: retrospective case series. BMJ 368: m792. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m792
  • Yang J, Zheng Y, Gou X, Pu K, Chen Z, Guo Q, Ji R, Wang H, Wang Y, Zhou Y (2020). Prevalence of comorbidities and its effects in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Infect Dis 94: 91–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.017
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Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

İrem Akova 0000-0002-2672-8863

Firdevs Kuzu 0000-0001-6628-3224

Esma Kılıç 0000-0001-8503-4995

Early Pub Date April 29, 2022
Publication Date April 30, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022Volume: 7 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Akova, İ., Kuzu, F., & Kılıç, E. (2022). Symptom Changes in COVID-19 Patients in the Disease Process and Differences in Symptoms According to Some Demographic and Clinical Characteristics. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 7(1), 39-45. https://doi.org/10.51754/cusbed.1062649
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