Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Evaluation of Women's Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors Toward Cancer Screenings

Year 2024, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 278 - 286, 31.12.2024

Sevda Yaşar , Zeynep Durak , Yasemin Aslan

https://doi.org/10.51754/cusbed.1464174

Abstract

This study aims to assess women's knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors towards cancer screenings. The research is a descriptive, cross-sectional study. The study's population consisted of women aged 20 to 70 living in the city center of Elazığ, and the sample was comprised of 473 women who voluntarily participated in the study. The data was collected using the convenience sampling method. The Number Cruncher Statistical System program was used for statistical analysis. It was found that 56% of participants were aware of the need for self-breast examinations for early detection of breast cancer, and 60.7% reported performing self-breast examinations. While the rate of participants between the ages of 40-69 who had a mammogram was 59.6%, the rate of women between the ages of 50-70 who had a fecal occult blood test was 30.2%, the rate of women who stated that they had not had any tests was found to be 69.8%. It was found that 41.4% of participants did not know that cervical cancer screening was conducted by taking a Pap-smear sample. Participants with higher education and income levels, social security, and a family history of cancer had higher levels of knowledge. The study also identified that the major obstacles to screening were a lack of knowledge and the perception of being healthy. The study results indicate that women's breast cancer knowledge and attitude levels are medium, while their cervical and colorectal cancer levels are low.

Keywords

Cancer Cancer screning Knowledge Attitude Woman’s health

Project Number

1919B012201025

References

  • Akyolcu, N., Kanan, N., & Aksoy, G. (2021). Cerrahi hemşireliği II (3.baskı). Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri.
  • Alam, N.E., Islam, Md.S., Ullah, H., Molla, Md.T., Shifat, S.K., Akter, S., … & Mohiuddin, A.K.M. (2021). Evaluation of knowledge, awareness and attitudes towards breast cancer risk factors and early detection among females in Bangladesh: A hospital based cross-sectional study. PLoS ONE, 16(9), e0257271. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257271.
  • Alomair, A.N., Felemban, D.G., Felemban, M.S., Awadain, J.A., Altowairqi, A.S., Alfawzan, N.F., …& Alrusayyis, N.S. (2020). Knowledge, attitude, and practice of breast self-examination toward breast cancer among female students at King Saud University in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 4(2), 429-434. https://doi.org/10.24911/IJMDC.51-1576668182
  • American Cancer Society. (2023). All about cancer. https://www.cancer.org/cancer.html
  • Aytepe, U.E., & Dönmez, E. (2022). Türkiye’de kolorektal kanser tarama davranışları, etkileyen faktörler ve taramaya katılmama nedenleri: Sistematik derleme. Halk Sağlığı Hemşireliği Dergisi, 4(1), 56-76. https://doi.org/10.54061/jphn.980767
  • Büyükkayacı Duman, N., Yüksel Koçak, D., Albayrak, S.A., Topuz, Ş., & Yılmazel, G. (2015). Knowledge and practices breast and cervical cancer screening among womens over age of 40. Hemşirelik Akademik Araştırma Dergisi, 1(1), 30-38. https://doi.org/110.5222/jaren.2015.030
  • Cevik, C., Güneş, S., Hattatoğlu, T.D., Satici, A., Bulut, B., Şahi̇n, S.C., … & Eser, E. (2019). Knowledge, attitude and behaviors of women between the ages of 40-69 on early detection of breast cancer. Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 13(2), 119-128. https://doi.org/10.21763/tjfmpc.569469
  • Chaka, B., Sayed, A.R., Goeieman, B., & Rayne, S. (2018). A survey of knowledge and attitudes relating to cervical and breast cancer among women in Ethiopia. BMC Public Health, 18(1), 1072. https://doi.org/110.1007/s10620-014-3452-4
  • Chaowawanit, W., Tangjitgamol, S., Kantathavorn, N., Phoolcharoen, N., Kittisiam, T., Khunnarong, J., … & Pataradool, K. (2016). Knowledge, attitudes and behavior of Bangkok metropolitan women regarding cervical cancer screening. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 17(3), 945-952. https://doi.org/110.7314/apjcp.2016.17.3.945
  • Demir Yildirim, A., & Ozaydin, A.N. (2014). Sources of breast cancer knowledge of women living in Moda / İstanbul and their attendance to breast cancer screening. The Journal of Breasth Health, 10(1), 47-56. https://doi.org/10.5152/tjbh.2014.1762
  • Fitzmaurice, C., Dicker, D., Pain, A., Hamavid, H., Moradi-Lakeh, M., MacIntyre, M.F., … & Naghavi, M. (2015). The global burden of cancer 2013. JAMA Oncology, 1(4), 505-527. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoncol.2015.0735
  • Ibitoye, O.F., & Thupayegale-Tshwenegae, G. (2021). The impact of education on knowledge attitude and practice of breast self-examination among adolescents girls at the Fiwasaye Girls Grammar School Akure,
  • Nigeria. Journal of Cancer Education, 36, 39-46. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-019-01595-2 Izanloo, A., Ghaffarzadehgan, K., Khoshroo, F., Erfani Haghiri, M., Izanloo, S., Samiee, M., … & Sadrzadeh, S.M. (2018). Knowledge and attitude of women regarding breast cancer screening tests in Eastern Iran. Ecancermedicalscience, 12, 806. https://doi.org/10.3332/ecancer.2018.806
  • Kızılırmak, A., Kartal., B., & Calpbinici, P. (2017). Investigation of the relation between doing breast self- examination (BSE) of the students and perception of health. Asian Pasific Journal of Health Sciences, 4(2), 191-197. https://doi.org/10.21276/apjhs.2017.4.2.31
  • Korkut, Y. (2019). Assessment of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding breast and cervical cancer among women in western Turkey. Journal of International Medical Research, 47(4), 1660-1666. https://doi.org/10.1177/0300060519830252
  • Kumari, A., Sarkar, S., Ranjan, P., Chopra, S., Kaur, T., Baitha, U., … & Klanidhi, K.B. (2022). Interventions for workplace violence against health-care professionals: A systematic review. Work, 73(2), 415-427. https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-210046
  • Küçükceran, H., Ağadayi, E., & Şentürk, H. (2020). Ankara’da bir aile hekimliği birimine kayıtlı kadınların serviks kanseri taramalarına ilişkin yaklaşımlarının değerlendirilmesi. Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 14(2), 259-566. https://doi.org/10.21763/tjfmpc.650940
  • Meshkani, Z., Moradi, N., Aboutorabi, A., Noman, S., Motlagh, A., & Langarizadeh, M. (2022). Systematic review of women’s knowledge, attitude, and practice towards breast cancer. Journal of Education and Health Promotion, 11(1), 171. https://doi.org/10.4103/jehp.jehp_634_21
  • Omoyeni, O., & Tsoka-Gwegweni, J. (2022). Knowledge, attitudes and practices of cervical cancer screening among rural women in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Pan African Medical Journal, 42, 188. https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2022.42.188.26172
  • Özel, M. (2021). 18-65 yaş arası kadınların kanser taraması hakkında bilgi düzeyleri, tutum ve davranışları (Yayın No. 703074). [Aile Hekimliği Tıpta Uzmanlık Tezi, Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi]. YÖK Ulusal Tez Merkezi.
  • Popat, K., McQueen, K., & Feeley, T.W. (2013). The global burden of cancer. Best Practice & Research Clinical Anaesthesiology, 27(4), 399-408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpa.2013.10.010
  • Sağlık Bakanlığı. (2023a). Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü, Türkiye kanser istatistikleri 2018. https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/tr/kanser-istatistikleri
  • Sağlık Bakanlığı. (2023b). Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü Kanser Dairesi Başkanlığı, Kanser önlenebilir bir hastalıktır. https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/tr/kanser
  • Shete, S., Deng, Y., Shannon, J., Faseru, B., Middleton, D., lachan, R., ….& Paskett, E.D. (2021). Differences in breast and colorectal cancer screening adherence among women residing in urban and rural communities in the United States. JAMA Network Open, 4(10), e2128000. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.28000
  • Siegel, R.L., Miller, K.D., Wagle, N.S., & Jemal, A. (2023). Cancer statistics, 2023. CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 73(1), 17-48. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21763
  • Sualp, B.N. (2021). Aile hekimliği polikliniğine başvuran hastaların kanser tarama testleri hakkındaki bilgi, tutum ve davranışları. (Yayın No. 665658). [Aile Hekimliği Tıpta Uzmanlık Tezi, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi]. YÖK Ulusal Tez Merkezi.
  • Sung, H., Ferlay, J., Siegel, R.L., Laversanne, M., Soerjomataram, I., Jemal, A., & Bray, F. (2021). Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 71(3), 209-249. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21660
  • Tran, K.B., Lang, J.J., Compton, K., Xu, R., Acheson, A.R., Henrikson, H.J., … & Muray, C.J.L. (2022). The global burden of cancer attributable to risk factors, 2010-19: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Lancet, 400(10352), 563-591. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01438-6
  • White, A., Thompson, T.D., White, M.C., Sabatino, S.A., De Moor, J., Doria-Rose, P.V., … & Richardson L.C. (2017). Cancer screening test use - United States, 2015. The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 66(8), 201-206. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6608a1
  • World Health Organization (WHO). (2023). Cancer. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cancer
  • Yıldız, M.S., Önder, Y., Çıtıl, R., & Okan, İ. (2022). Aile sağlığı merkezlerine başvuran yetişkinlerde kolorektal kanser risk faktörleri ve kolorektal kanser taraması farkındalık düzeyleri. Chronicles of Precision Medical Research, 3(2), 68-77. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6965919

Kadınların Kanser Taramalarına Yönelik Bilgi, Tutum ve Davranışlarının Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2024, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 278 - 286, 31.12.2024

Sevda Yaşar , Zeynep Durak , Yasemin Aslan

https://doi.org/10.51754/cusbed.1464174

Abstract

Bu çalışmada kadınların kanser taramalarına yönelik bilgi, tutum ve davranışlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma tanımlayıcı tipte kesitsel bir çalışmadır. Çalışmanın evrenini Elazığ il merkezinde yaşayan 20-70 arası kadınlar, örneklemini ise çalışmaya katılmaya gönüllü 473 kadın oluşturmuştur. Veriler kolayda örnekleme yöntemiyle toplanmıştır. İstatistiksel analizler için Number Cruncher Statistical System programı kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada meme kanserinin erken tanısı amacıyla kendi kendine meme muayenesi yapılması gerektiğini bilenlerin oranı %56, kendi kendine meme muayenesi yaptığını belirten katılımcıların oranı %60,7 bulunmuştur. 40-69 yaş arası katılımcılardan mamografi çektirenlerin oranı %59,6, 50-70 yaş arası kadınlardan gaitada gizli kan testi yaptıranların oranı %30,2 bulunurken, herhangi bir test yaptırmadığını ifade edenlerin oranı ise %69,8 bulunmuştur. Çalışmada Pap-smear örneği alınarak serviks kanser taramasının yapıldığını bilmediğini ifade eden katılımcıların oranı %41,4 bulunmuştur. Eğitim seviyesi yüksek, sosyal güvenceye sahip, gelir düzeyi yüksek, ailesinde ve çevresinde kanser öyküsü bulunan katılımcıların bilgi düzeyi daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Taramanın önündeki en büyük engellerin bilgi sahibi olmamak ve sağlıklı olduğunu düşünme faktörleri olduğu bulunmuştur. Çalışma sonuçları kadınların meme kanseri bilgi ve tutum düzeyinin orta, serviks ve kolorektal kanser bilgi ve tutum düzeyinin ise düşük olduğunu göstermektedir.

Keywords

Kanser Kanser tarama Bilgi Tutum Kadın sağlığı

Ethical Statement

Çalışma için Bandırma Onyedi Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Etik Kurulu’ndan (05.12.2022 tarihli ve 2022-10 sayı) izin alınmıştır.

Supporting Institution

TÜBİTAK 2209-A Bilim İnsanı Destek Programları Başkanlığı (BIDEB) tarafından yürütülen “2209-A Üniversite Öğrencileri Araştırma Projeleri Destekleme Programı”

Project Number

1919B012201025

Thanks

Çalışmaya finansal destek sağlayan TÜBİTAK’a, istatistik eğitim ve analiz desteği sağlayan Empiar İstatistik Danışmanlık kurumlarına teşekkür ederiz.

References

  • Akyolcu, N., Kanan, N., & Aksoy, G. (2021). Cerrahi hemşireliği II (3.baskı). Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri.
  • Alam, N.E., Islam, Md.S., Ullah, H., Molla, Md.T., Shifat, S.K., Akter, S., … & Mohiuddin, A.K.M. (2021). Evaluation of knowledge, awareness and attitudes towards breast cancer risk factors and early detection among females in Bangladesh: A hospital based cross-sectional study. PLoS ONE, 16(9), e0257271. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257271.
  • Alomair, A.N., Felemban, D.G., Felemban, M.S., Awadain, J.A., Altowairqi, A.S., Alfawzan, N.F., …& Alrusayyis, N.S. (2020). Knowledge, attitude, and practice of breast self-examination toward breast cancer among female students at King Saud University in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 4(2), 429-434. https://doi.org/10.24911/IJMDC.51-1576668182
  • American Cancer Society. (2023). All about cancer. https://www.cancer.org/cancer.html
  • Aytepe, U.E., & Dönmez, E. (2022). Türkiye’de kolorektal kanser tarama davranışları, etkileyen faktörler ve taramaya katılmama nedenleri: Sistematik derleme. Halk Sağlığı Hemşireliği Dergisi, 4(1), 56-76. https://doi.org/10.54061/jphn.980767
  • Büyükkayacı Duman, N., Yüksel Koçak, D., Albayrak, S.A., Topuz, Ş., & Yılmazel, G. (2015). Knowledge and practices breast and cervical cancer screening among womens over age of 40. Hemşirelik Akademik Araştırma Dergisi, 1(1), 30-38. https://doi.org/110.5222/jaren.2015.030
  • Cevik, C., Güneş, S., Hattatoğlu, T.D., Satici, A., Bulut, B., Şahi̇n, S.C., … & Eser, E. (2019). Knowledge, attitude and behaviors of women between the ages of 40-69 on early detection of breast cancer. Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 13(2), 119-128. https://doi.org/10.21763/tjfmpc.569469
  • Chaka, B., Sayed, A.R., Goeieman, B., & Rayne, S. (2018). A survey of knowledge and attitudes relating to cervical and breast cancer among women in Ethiopia. BMC Public Health, 18(1), 1072. https://doi.org/110.1007/s10620-014-3452-4
  • Chaowawanit, W., Tangjitgamol, S., Kantathavorn, N., Phoolcharoen, N., Kittisiam, T., Khunnarong, J., … & Pataradool, K. (2016). Knowledge, attitudes and behavior of Bangkok metropolitan women regarding cervical cancer screening. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 17(3), 945-952. https://doi.org/110.7314/apjcp.2016.17.3.945
  • Demir Yildirim, A., & Ozaydin, A.N. (2014). Sources of breast cancer knowledge of women living in Moda / İstanbul and their attendance to breast cancer screening. The Journal of Breasth Health, 10(1), 47-56. https://doi.org/10.5152/tjbh.2014.1762
  • Fitzmaurice, C., Dicker, D., Pain, A., Hamavid, H., Moradi-Lakeh, M., MacIntyre, M.F., … & Naghavi, M. (2015). The global burden of cancer 2013. JAMA Oncology, 1(4), 505-527. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoncol.2015.0735
  • Ibitoye, O.F., & Thupayegale-Tshwenegae, G. (2021). The impact of education on knowledge attitude and practice of breast self-examination among adolescents girls at the Fiwasaye Girls Grammar School Akure,
  • Nigeria. Journal of Cancer Education, 36, 39-46. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-019-01595-2 Izanloo, A., Ghaffarzadehgan, K., Khoshroo, F., Erfani Haghiri, M., Izanloo, S., Samiee, M., … & Sadrzadeh, S.M. (2018). Knowledge and attitude of women regarding breast cancer screening tests in Eastern Iran. Ecancermedicalscience, 12, 806. https://doi.org/10.3332/ecancer.2018.806
  • Kızılırmak, A., Kartal., B., & Calpbinici, P. (2017). Investigation of the relation between doing breast self- examination (BSE) of the students and perception of health. Asian Pasific Journal of Health Sciences, 4(2), 191-197. https://doi.org/10.21276/apjhs.2017.4.2.31
  • Korkut, Y. (2019). Assessment of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding breast and cervical cancer among women in western Turkey. Journal of International Medical Research, 47(4), 1660-1666. https://doi.org/10.1177/0300060519830252
  • Kumari, A., Sarkar, S., Ranjan, P., Chopra, S., Kaur, T., Baitha, U., … & Klanidhi, K.B. (2022). Interventions for workplace violence against health-care professionals: A systematic review. Work, 73(2), 415-427. https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-210046
  • Küçükceran, H., Ağadayi, E., & Şentürk, H. (2020). Ankara’da bir aile hekimliği birimine kayıtlı kadınların serviks kanseri taramalarına ilişkin yaklaşımlarının değerlendirilmesi. Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 14(2), 259-566. https://doi.org/10.21763/tjfmpc.650940
  • Meshkani, Z., Moradi, N., Aboutorabi, A., Noman, S., Motlagh, A., & Langarizadeh, M. (2022). Systematic review of women’s knowledge, attitude, and practice towards breast cancer. Journal of Education and Health Promotion, 11(1), 171. https://doi.org/10.4103/jehp.jehp_634_21
  • Omoyeni, O., & Tsoka-Gwegweni, J. (2022). Knowledge, attitudes and practices of cervical cancer screening among rural women in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Pan African Medical Journal, 42, 188. https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2022.42.188.26172
  • Özel, M. (2021). 18-65 yaş arası kadınların kanser taraması hakkında bilgi düzeyleri, tutum ve davranışları (Yayın No. 703074). [Aile Hekimliği Tıpta Uzmanlık Tezi, Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi]. YÖK Ulusal Tez Merkezi.
  • Popat, K., McQueen, K., & Feeley, T.W. (2013). The global burden of cancer. Best Practice & Research Clinical Anaesthesiology, 27(4), 399-408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpa.2013.10.010
  • Sağlık Bakanlığı. (2023a). Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü, Türkiye kanser istatistikleri 2018. https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/tr/kanser-istatistikleri
  • Sağlık Bakanlığı. (2023b). Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü Kanser Dairesi Başkanlığı, Kanser önlenebilir bir hastalıktır. https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/tr/kanser
  • Shete, S., Deng, Y., Shannon, J., Faseru, B., Middleton, D., lachan, R., ….& Paskett, E.D. (2021). Differences in breast and colorectal cancer screening adherence among women residing in urban and rural communities in the United States. JAMA Network Open, 4(10), e2128000. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.28000
  • Siegel, R.L., Miller, K.D., Wagle, N.S., & Jemal, A. (2023). Cancer statistics, 2023. CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 73(1), 17-48. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21763
  • Sualp, B.N. (2021). Aile hekimliği polikliniğine başvuran hastaların kanser tarama testleri hakkındaki bilgi, tutum ve davranışları. (Yayın No. 665658). [Aile Hekimliği Tıpta Uzmanlık Tezi, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi]. YÖK Ulusal Tez Merkezi.
  • Sung, H., Ferlay, J., Siegel, R.L., Laversanne, M., Soerjomataram, I., Jemal, A., & Bray, F. (2021). Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 71(3), 209-249. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21660
  • Tran, K.B., Lang, J.J., Compton, K., Xu, R., Acheson, A.R., Henrikson, H.J., … & Muray, C.J.L. (2022). The global burden of cancer attributable to risk factors, 2010-19: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Lancet, 400(10352), 563-591. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01438-6
  • White, A., Thompson, T.D., White, M.C., Sabatino, S.A., De Moor, J., Doria-Rose, P.V., … & Richardson L.C. (2017). Cancer screening test use - United States, 2015. The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 66(8), 201-206. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6608a1
  • World Health Organization (WHO). (2023). Cancer. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cancer
  • Yıldız, M.S., Önder, Y., Çıtıl, R., & Okan, İ. (2022). Aile sağlığı merkezlerine başvuran yetişkinlerde kolorektal kanser risk faktörleri ve kolorektal kanser taraması farkındalık düzeyleri. Chronicles of Precision Medical Research, 3(2), 68-77. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6965919
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Health Care Administration, Health Services and Systems (Other)
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Sevda Yaşar 0009-0007-1483-7855

Zeynep Durak 0009-0002-5478-7147

Yasemin Aslan 0000-0001-6292-2332

Project Number 1919B012201025
Early Pub Date December 29, 2024
Publication Date December 31, 2024
Submission Date April 3, 2024
Acceptance Date September 17, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024Volume: 9 Issue: 3

Cite

Vancouver Yaşar S, Durak Z, Aslan Y. Kadınların Kanser Taramalarına Yönelik Bilgi, Tutum ve Davranışlarının Değerlendirilmesi. J Cumhuriyet Univ Health Sci Inst. 2024;9(3):278-86.
 Download Cover Image

The Journal of Sivas Cumhuriyet University Institute of Health Sciences is an international, peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Institute of Health Sciences.