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Doğum Şekline Göre Annelerin Postpartum Ağrı, Yorgunluk Düzeyleri ve Emzirme Öz-Yeterlilikleri

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 3, 224 - 232, 01.08.2018

Öz

Giriş: Doğum şekline göre annelerde ortaya çıkabilecek emzirme sorunlarının en aza indirilmesi ve emzirme öz-yeterliliğinin arttırılmasında, emzirme üzerine etkili faktörlerin belirlenmesi önemlidir. Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı doğum şekline göre annelerin postpartum 24. saatteki ve dördüncü haftadaki ağrı, yorgunluk düzeyleri ve emzirme öz-yeterliliklerini karşılaştırmaktır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve karşılaştırmalı türdeki araştırma, Ocak-Eylül 2016 tarihleri arasında bir üniversite hastanesinin kadın doğum kliniğinde yatan 153 anne ile yürütülmüştür. Veriler postpartum 24. saatte yüz yüze görüşme yöntemi ile hastanede, dördüncü haftada ise telefon yolu ile Birey Tanıtım Formu, Sayısal Ağrı Skalası ve Emzirme Öz-Yeterlilik Ölçeği-Kısa Şekli kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, kikare, Man-Whitney U testi, Wilcoxon testi ve korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır.Bulgular: Çalışmada vajinal doğum yapan annelerin sezaryen ile doğum yapan annelere göre postpartum 24. saatteki ve dördüncü haftadaki ağrı puan ortalamaları daha düşük, 24. saatteki emzirme öz-yeterlilikleri daha yüksektir. Vajinal doğum yapan annelerin sadece postpartum dördüncü haftada ağrı ve emzirme öz-yeterlilikleri arasında ilişki varken, sezaryen ile doğum yapan annelerde ilişki yoktur. Doğum şekline göre annelerin yorgunluk ve emzirme öz-yeterlilikleri arasında da ilişki yoktur.Sonuç: Hemşireler doğum sonrası dönemde annelerin emzirme davranışlarını ve durumlarını dikkatli bir şekilde gözlemlemeli ve etkileyen faktörlere yönelik önlemler almalıdırlar.

Kaynakça

  • Aksu, S., Varol, F. G., & Hotun Şahin, N. (2017). Long-term postpartum health problems in Turkish women: prevalence and associations with self-rated health. Contemporary Nurse, 53(2), 167-181.
  • Aluş-Tokat, M., Okumuş, H., & Dennis, C-L. (2010). Translation and psychometric assessment of the Breast-feeding SelfEfficacy Scale-Short Form among pregnant and postnatal women in Turkey. Midwifery, 26(1), 101-108.
  • Aluş-Tokat, M., Serçekuş, P., Yenal, K., Okumuş, H. (2015). Early postpartum breast-feeding outcomes and breast-feeding self-efficacy in turkish mothers undergoing vaginal birth or cesarean birth with different types of anesthesia. International Journal of Nursing Knowledge, 26(2), 73-79.
  • Bağcı, S., & Altuntuğ, K. (2016). Problems experienced by mothers in postpartum period and their associations with quality of life. Journal of Human Sciences, 13(2), 3266-3279.
  • Brown, C. R., Dodds, L., Legge, A., Bryanton, J., & Semenic, S. (2014). Factors influencing the reasons why mothers stop breastfeeding. Canadian Journal of Public Health, 105(3), e179-85.
  • Callahan S., Sejourne, N., & Denis, A. (2006). Fatigue and breastfeeding: An inevitable partnership. Journal of Human Lactation, 22(2), 182-187.
  • Cheng, C. Y., Chou, Y. H., Wang, P., Tsai, J. M., & Liou, S. R. (2015). Survey of trend and factors in perinatal maternal fatigue. Nursing and Health sciences, 17(1), 64-70.
  • Chin, E. G., Vincent, C., & Wilkie, D. (2014). A comprehensive description of postpartum pain after cesarean delivery. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic and Neonatal Nursing, 43(6), 729-741.
  • Cooklin, A. R., Amir, L. H., Jarman, J., Cullinane, M., & Donath, S. M. (2015). Maternal physical health symptoms in the first 8 weeks postpartum among Primiparous Australian women. Birth, 42(3), 254-260.
  • Declercq, E., Cunningham, D. K., Johnson, C., & Sakala, C. (2008). Mothers’ reports of postpartum pain associated with vaginal and cesarean deliveries: Results of a national survey. Birth, 35(1), 16-24.
  • Dennis, C.L., & Faux, S. (1999). Development and psychometric testing of breastfeeding self-efficacy scale. Research in Nursing and Health, 22, 399–409.
  • Dennis, C.L. (2003). Breastfeeding self efficacy scale: Psychometric assessment of the short form. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic and Neonatal Nursing, 32(6), 734-744.
  • Dennis, C. L. E. (2006). Identifying predictors of breastfeeding self‐efficacy in the immediate postpartum period. Research in Nursing and Health, 29(4), 256-268.
  • Doering Runquist, J.J., Morin, K., & Stetzer, F.C. (2009). Severe fatigue and depressive symptoms in lower-income urban postpartum women. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 31(5), 599-612.
  • Francisco, A. A., de Oliveira, S. M. J. V., da Silva, F. M. B., Bick, D., & Riesco, M. L. G. (2011). Women's experiences of perineal pain during the immediate postnatal period: A cross-sectional study in Brazil. Midwifery, 27(6), e254-e259.
  • Giallo, R., Gartland, D., Woolhouse, H., & Brown, S. (2016). “I didn’t know it was possible to feel that tired”: exploring the complex bidirectional associations between maternal depressive symptoms and fatigue in a prospective pregnancy cohort study. Archives of Women’s Mental Health, 19(1), 25-34.
  • Hardy Fairbanks, A. J., Lauria, M. R., Mackenzie, T., & Mccarthy, M. (2013). Intensity and unpleasantness of pain following vaginal and cesarean delivery: A prospective evaluation. Birth, 40(2), 125-133.
  • Hsieh, C. H., Chen, C. L., Han, T. J., Lin, P. J., & Chiu, H. C. (2017). Factors ınfluencing postpartum fatigue in vaginal-birth women: Testing a path model. Journal of Nursing Research.
  • Imarengiaye, C. O., Akhideno, I., & Omoifo, E. C. (2014). Characteristics of postpartum pain associated with vaginal and caesarean births. West African Journal of Medicine, 33(1), 3-6.
  • İnce, T., Aktaş, G., Aktepe, N., Aydın, N. (2017). Annelerin emzirme özyeterlilikleri ve emzirme başarılarını etkileyen özelliklerin değerlendirilmesi. İzmir Doktor Behçet Uz Çocuk Hastanesi Dergisi 2017; 7(3):183-190.
  • Jansen, A. G., Duvekot, J. J., Hop, W. C., Essınk‐Bot, M. L., Beckers, E. A., Karsdorp, V. H., et al. (2007). New insights into fatigue and health‐related quality of life after delivery. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 86(5), 579-584.
  • Karlström, A., Engström‐Olofsson, R., Norbergh, K. G., Sjöling, M., & Hildingsson, I. (2007). Postoperative pain after cesarean birth affects breastfeeding and infant care. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic and Neonatal Nursing, 36(5), 430- 440.
  • Kılcı, H., & Çoban, A. (2016). The correlation between breastfeeding success in the early postpartum period and the perception of self-efficacy in breastfeeding and breast problems in the late postpartum. Breastfeeding Medicine, 11(4), 188-195.
  • Kılıç, M., Ozorhan, E. Y., Apay, S. E., Çapik, A., Agapinar, S., Özkan, H. (2015). Comparison of fatigue levels of postpartum women according to the birth method. International Journal of Caring Sciences, 8(1), 124-130.
  • Kim, J. I., Lee, K. J. (2017). Bladder symptoms, fatigue and physical activity in postpartum women. Asian Nursing Research, 11(1), 50-55.
  • Lai, Y. L., Hung, C. H., Stocker, J., Chan, T. F., & Liu, Y. (2015). Postpartum fatigue, baby care activities, and maternal– infant attachment of vaginal and cesarean births following rooming-in. Applied Nursing Research, 28(2), 116-120.
  • Pereira, T. R., De Souza, F. G., & Beleza, A. C. (2017). Implications of pain in functional activities in immediate postpartum period according to the mode of delivery and parity: an observational study. Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy, 21(1), 37-43.
  • Sullivan, C. J. (2014). Does the type of delivery and hospital practices impact breastfeeding self efficacy and outcomes at 10 days and 8 weeks postpartum? (Doctoral dissertation, George Mason University).
  • Taylor, J., & Johnson, M. (2013). The role of anxiety and other factors in predicting postnatal fatigue: from birth to 6 months. Midwifery, 29(5), 526-534.
  • Türkiye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırması 2013, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü. Erişim: 27.01.2018. www.hips.hacettepe.edu.tr/tnsa2013/rapor/TNSA_2013_ana_rapor.pdf.
  • Wang, W., Lau, Y., Chow, A., & Chan, K. S. (2014). Breast-feeding intention, initiation and duration among Hong Kong Chinese women: A prospective longitudinal study. Midwifery, 30(6), 678-687.
  • WHO Statement on caesarean section rates (2015). Erişim: 27.01.2018.
  • http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/maternal_perinatal_health/cs-statement/en/ Woods, A. B., Crist, B., Kowalewski, S., Carroll, J., Warren, J., & Robertson, J. (2012). A cross‐sectional analysis of the effect of patient‐controlled epidural analgesia versus patient controlled analgesia on postcesarean pain and breastfeeding. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic and Neonatal Nursing, 41(3), 339-346.

Postpartum Pain, Fatigue Levels and Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy According to Type of Birth

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 3, 224 - 232, 01.08.2018

Öz

Background: It is very important to determine the level of pain and fatigue experienced by the mother during the postpartum period and the
effect of breastfeeding self-efficacy on the type of birth. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine maternal pain, fatigue levels and
breastfeeding self-efficacy at postpartum 24th hour and 4th week according to type of birth. Methods: The descriptive study was conducted
with 153 mothers in the postpartum period in a gynecology clinic of a university hospital between January-September 2016. The data were
collected by using face-to-face interview method in the 24th hour of postpartum at hospital and by phone in the 4th week of postpartum
period by using the Individual Identification Form, The Numeric Pain Rating Scale and Breastfeeding Self- Efficacy Scale-Short Form.
Descriptive statistics, chi square, Mann-Whitney U test and correlation analysis were used in the analysis of data. Results: It was found in
the study that mothers that had vaginal birth had lower pain scores in the 24th hour and 4th week of postpartum period compared to mothers
that had cesarean birth and their breastfeeding self-efficacy was higher. A relation was found only between self-efficacy breastfeeding and
pain in the 4th week of postpartum period of mothers that had vaginal birth. However, no relation was found for mothers that had cesarean
birth. Also there was no relation between maternal fatigue and breastfeeding self-efficacy regarding the birth type. Conclusion: Nurses
should know that the fatigue, pain and breastfeeding behaviors / successes that occur in the postpartum period may vary according to the
birth pattern. They should take immediate precautions to ensure that those conditions do not adversely affect the mother's quality of life,
baby care and breastfeeding

Kaynakça

  • Aksu, S., Varol, F. G., & Hotun Şahin, N. (2017). Long-term postpartum health problems in Turkish women: prevalence and associations with self-rated health. Contemporary Nurse, 53(2), 167-181.
  • Aluş-Tokat, M., Okumuş, H., & Dennis, C-L. (2010). Translation and psychometric assessment of the Breast-feeding SelfEfficacy Scale-Short Form among pregnant and postnatal women in Turkey. Midwifery, 26(1), 101-108.
  • Aluş-Tokat, M., Serçekuş, P., Yenal, K., Okumuş, H. (2015). Early postpartum breast-feeding outcomes and breast-feeding self-efficacy in turkish mothers undergoing vaginal birth or cesarean birth with different types of anesthesia. International Journal of Nursing Knowledge, 26(2), 73-79.
  • Bağcı, S., & Altuntuğ, K. (2016). Problems experienced by mothers in postpartum period and their associations with quality of life. Journal of Human Sciences, 13(2), 3266-3279.
  • Brown, C. R., Dodds, L., Legge, A., Bryanton, J., & Semenic, S. (2014). Factors influencing the reasons why mothers stop breastfeeding. Canadian Journal of Public Health, 105(3), e179-85.
  • Callahan S., Sejourne, N., & Denis, A. (2006). Fatigue and breastfeeding: An inevitable partnership. Journal of Human Lactation, 22(2), 182-187.
  • Cheng, C. Y., Chou, Y. H., Wang, P., Tsai, J. M., & Liou, S. R. (2015). Survey of trend and factors in perinatal maternal fatigue. Nursing and Health sciences, 17(1), 64-70.
  • Chin, E. G., Vincent, C., & Wilkie, D. (2014). A comprehensive description of postpartum pain after cesarean delivery. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic and Neonatal Nursing, 43(6), 729-741.
  • Cooklin, A. R., Amir, L. H., Jarman, J., Cullinane, M., & Donath, S. M. (2015). Maternal physical health symptoms in the first 8 weeks postpartum among Primiparous Australian women. Birth, 42(3), 254-260.
  • Declercq, E., Cunningham, D. K., Johnson, C., & Sakala, C. (2008). Mothers’ reports of postpartum pain associated with vaginal and cesarean deliveries: Results of a national survey. Birth, 35(1), 16-24.
  • Dennis, C.L., & Faux, S. (1999). Development and psychometric testing of breastfeeding self-efficacy scale. Research in Nursing and Health, 22, 399–409.
  • Dennis, C.L. (2003). Breastfeeding self efficacy scale: Psychometric assessment of the short form. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic and Neonatal Nursing, 32(6), 734-744.
  • Dennis, C. L. E. (2006). Identifying predictors of breastfeeding self‐efficacy in the immediate postpartum period. Research in Nursing and Health, 29(4), 256-268.
  • Doering Runquist, J.J., Morin, K., & Stetzer, F.C. (2009). Severe fatigue and depressive symptoms in lower-income urban postpartum women. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 31(5), 599-612.
  • Francisco, A. A., de Oliveira, S. M. J. V., da Silva, F. M. B., Bick, D., & Riesco, M. L. G. (2011). Women's experiences of perineal pain during the immediate postnatal period: A cross-sectional study in Brazil. Midwifery, 27(6), e254-e259.
  • Giallo, R., Gartland, D., Woolhouse, H., & Brown, S. (2016). “I didn’t know it was possible to feel that tired”: exploring the complex bidirectional associations between maternal depressive symptoms and fatigue in a prospective pregnancy cohort study. Archives of Women’s Mental Health, 19(1), 25-34.
  • Hardy Fairbanks, A. J., Lauria, M. R., Mackenzie, T., & Mccarthy, M. (2013). Intensity and unpleasantness of pain following vaginal and cesarean delivery: A prospective evaluation. Birth, 40(2), 125-133.
  • Hsieh, C. H., Chen, C. L., Han, T. J., Lin, P. J., & Chiu, H. C. (2017). Factors ınfluencing postpartum fatigue in vaginal-birth women: Testing a path model. Journal of Nursing Research.
  • Imarengiaye, C. O., Akhideno, I., & Omoifo, E. C. (2014). Characteristics of postpartum pain associated with vaginal and caesarean births. West African Journal of Medicine, 33(1), 3-6.
  • İnce, T., Aktaş, G., Aktepe, N., Aydın, N. (2017). Annelerin emzirme özyeterlilikleri ve emzirme başarılarını etkileyen özelliklerin değerlendirilmesi. İzmir Doktor Behçet Uz Çocuk Hastanesi Dergisi 2017; 7(3):183-190.
  • Jansen, A. G., Duvekot, J. J., Hop, W. C., Essınk‐Bot, M. L., Beckers, E. A., Karsdorp, V. H., et al. (2007). New insights into fatigue and health‐related quality of life after delivery. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 86(5), 579-584.
  • Karlström, A., Engström‐Olofsson, R., Norbergh, K. G., Sjöling, M., & Hildingsson, I. (2007). Postoperative pain after cesarean birth affects breastfeeding and infant care. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic and Neonatal Nursing, 36(5), 430- 440.
  • Kılcı, H., & Çoban, A. (2016). The correlation between breastfeeding success in the early postpartum period and the perception of self-efficacy in breastfeeding and breast problems in the late postpartum. Breastfeeding Medicine, 11(4), 188-195.
  • Kılıç, M., Ozorhan, E. Y., Apay, S. E., Çapik, A., Agapinar, S., Özkan, H. (2015). Comparison of fatigue levels of postpartum women according to the birth method. International Journal of Caring Sciences, 8(1), 124-130.
  • Kim, J. I., Lee, K. J. (2017). Bladder symptoms, fatigue and physical activity in postpartum women. Asian Nursing Research, 11(1), 50-55.
  • Lai, Y. L., Hung, C. H., Stocker, J., Chan, T. F., & Liu, Y. (2015). Postpartum fatigue, baby care activities, and maternal– infant attachment of vaginal and cesarean births following rooming-in. Applied Nursing Research, 28(2), 116-120.
  • Pereira, T. R., De Souza, F. G., & Beleza, A. C. (2017). Implications of pain in functional activities in immediate postpartum period according to the mode of delivery and parity: an observational study. Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy, 21(1), 37-43.
  • Sullivan, C. J. (2014). Does the type of delivery and hospital practices impact breastfeeding self efficacy and outcomes at 10 days and 8 weeks postpartum? (Doctoral dissertation, George Mason University).
  • Taylor, J., & Johnson, M. (2013). The role of anxiety and other factors in predicting postnatal fatigue: from birth to 6 months. Midwifery, 29(5), 526-534.
  • Türkiye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırması 2013, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü. Erişim: 27.01.2018. www.hips.hacettepe.edu.tr/tnsa2013/rapor/TNSA_2013_ana_rapor.pdf.
  • Wang, W., Lau, Y., Chow, A., & Chan, K. S. (2014). Breast-feeding intention, initiation and duration among Hong Kong Chinese women: A prospective longitudinal study. Midwifery, 30(6), 678-687.
  • WHO Statement on caesarean section rates (2015). Erişim: 27.01.2018.
  • http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/maternal_perinatal_health/cs-statement/en/ Woods, A. B., Crist, B., Kowalewski, S., Carroll, J., Warren, J., & Robertson, J. (2012). A cross‐sectional analysis of the effect of patient‐controlled epidural analgesia versus patient controlled analgesia on postcesarean pain and breastfeeding. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic and Neonatal Nursing, 41(3), 339-346.
Toplam 33 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Research Article
Yazarlar

Gülşen Işık

Nuray Egelioğlu Cetişli Bu kişi benim

Vesile Aycan Başkaya Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ağustos 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Işık, G., Cetişli, N. E., & Başkaya, V. A. (2018). Doğum Şekline Göre Annelerin Postpartum Ağrı, Yorgunluk Düzeyleri ve Emzirme Öz-Yeterlilikleri. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 11(3), 224-232.

Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi ULAKBİM Türk Tıp Dizini, Türk Medline, Türkiye Atıf Dizini, Şubat 2021 tarihinden beri EBSCO Host ve 26 Ekim 2021 tarihinden itibaren DOAJ ve 18 Ocak 2022 tarihinden beri Index Copernicus tarafından indekslenmektedir.

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